Development of Z-scores for fetal cardiac dimensions from echocardiography

Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology

Volumn 26, Issue 6, 2005, Pages 599-605

  Schneider, C ^a,b,c   McCrindle, B W ^d   Carvalho, J S ^a,c   Hornberger, L K ^d   McCarthy, K P ^a   Daubeney, P E F ^a,b  

^a ROYAL BROMPTON HOSPITAL   (United Kingdom)

^b CHELSEA AND WESTMINSTER HOSPITAL   (United Kingdom)

^c ST GEORGE S HOSPITAL   (United Kingdom)

^d HOSPITAL FOR SICK CHILDREN   (Canada)

Author keywords

Fetal echocardiography; Normal fetal cardiac dimensions; Z scores

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; BIPARIETAL DISTANCE; CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE; ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY; FETUS; FETUS HEART; GESTATIONAL AGE; HEART DEVELOPMENT; HEART SIZE; HUMAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS; QUANTITATIVE DIAGNOSIS; SCORING SYSTEM; TREATMENT PLANNING; Z SCORE;

ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY; FEMALE; FETAL DEVELOPMENT; FETAL HEART; GESTATIONAL AGE; HUMANS; PREGNANCY; REFERENCE VALUES; ULTRASONOGRAPHY, PRENATAL;

EID: 28144443425     PISSN: 09607692     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/uog.2597     Document Type: Article

References (24)

1. Hornberger LK, Weintraub RG, Pesonen E, Murillo-Olivas A, Simpson IA, Sahn C, Hagen-Ansert S, Sahn DJ. Echocardiographic study of the morphology and growth of the aortic arch in the human fetus. Circulation 1992; 86: 741-747.
2. Hornberger LK, Sanders SP, Rein AJ, Spevak PJ, Parness IA, Colan SD. Left heart obstructive lesions and left ventricular growth in the midtrimester fetus. A longitudinal study. Circulation 1995; 92: 1531-1538.
3. Tan J, Silverman NH, Hoffman JI, Villegas M, Schmidt KG. Cardiac dimensions determined by cross-sectional echocardiography in the normal human fetus from 18 weeks to term. Am J Cardiol 1992; 70: 1459-1467.
4. Pineda LF, Moreno ATM, Azcárate MJM, Zea ML, Bullón MC, Gómez FR, Jiménez MQ. Cardiac growth in the normal human fetus. A two-dimensional echocardiographic study. An Esp Pediatr 1996; 44: 475-481.
5. DeVore GR, Siassi B, Platt LD. Fetal Echocardiography. IV. M-mode assessment of ventricular size and contractility during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy in the normal fetus. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1984; 150: 981-988.
6. DeVore GR, Siassi B, Platt LD. Fetal Echocardiography. V. M-mode measurements of the aortic root and aortic valve in second- and third-trimester normal human fetuses. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1985; 152: 543-560.
7. Rimoldi HJA, Lev M. A note on the concept of normality and abnormality in quantitation of pathologic findings in congenital heart disease. Pediatr Clin North Am 1963; 10: 589-591.
8. Daubeney PE, Blackstone EH, Weintraub RG, Slavik Z, Scanlon J, Webber SA. Relationship of the dimension of cardiac structures to body size: an echocardiographic study in normal infants and children. Cardiol Young 1999; 9: 402-410.
9. 2HIV multicenter study. Am Heart J 2000; 140: 575-584.
10. Sharland GK, Allan LD. Normal fetal cardiac measurements derived by cross-sectional echocardiography. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 1992; 2: 175-181.
11. Allan LD, Cook A. Pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum in the fetus. Cardiol Young 1992; 2: 367-376.
12. Daubeney PE, Sharland GK, Cook AC, Keeton BR, Anderson RH, Webber SA. Pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum: impact of fetal echocardiography on incidence at birth and postnatal outcome. Circulation 1998; 98: 562-566.
13. Allan LD, Joseph MC, Boyd EG, Campbell S, Tynan M. M-mode echocardiography in the developing human fetus. Br Heart J 1982; 47: 573-583.
14. Wladimiroff JW, Vosters R, McGhie JS. Normal cardiac ventricular geometry and function during the last trimester of pregnancy and early neonatal period. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1982; 89: 839-844.
15. St John Sutton MG, Gewitz MH, Shah B, Cohen A, Reichek N, Gabbe S, Huff DS. Quantitative assessment of growth and function of the cardiac chambers in the normal human fetus: a prospective longitudinal echocardiographic study. Circulation 1984; 69: 645-654.
16. Shime J, Gresser CD, Rakowski H. Quantitative two-dimensional echocardiographic assessment of fetal cardiac growth. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1986; 154: 294-300.
17. Cartier MS, Davidoff A, Warneke LA, Hirsh MP, Bannon S, Sutton MS, Doubilet PM. The normal diameter of the fetal aorta and pulmonary artery: echocardiographic evaluation in utero. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1987; 149: 1003-1007.
18. Shapiro I, Degani S, Leibovitz Z, Ohel G, Tal Y, Abinader EG. Fetal cardiac measurements derived by transvaginal and transabdominal cross-sectional echocardiography from 14 weeks of gestation to term. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 1998; 12: 404-418.
19. Mielke G, Benda N. Reference ranges for two-dimensional echocardiographic examination of the fetal ductus arteriosus. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2000; 15: 219-225.
20. Gembruch U, Shi C, Smrcek JM. Biometry of the fetal heart between 10 and 17 weeks of gestation. Fetal Diagn Ther 2000; 15: 20-31.
21. Firpo C, Hoffman JIE, Silverman NH. Evaluation of fetal heart dimensions from 12 weeks to term. Am J Cardiol 2001; 87: 594-600.
22. Hadlock FP, Deter RL, Harrist RB, Park SK. Estimating fetal age: computer-assisted analysis of multiple fetal growth parameters. Radiology 1984; 152: 497-501.
23. Sahn DJ, Lange LW, Allen HD, Goldberg SJ, Anderson C, Giles H, Haber K. Quantitative real-time cross-sectional echocardiography in the developing normal human fetus and newborn. Circulation 1980; 62: 588-597.
24. Schneider C, Cabizuca SV, Benchimol CB, Matsunaga LA, Ginefra P, Albanesi Filho FM, Gomes Filho JB. Normal echocardiographic patterns in children of the city of Rio de Janeiro. I. Relation between echocardiographic measurements and anthropometric standards [in Portuguese]. Arq Bras Cardiol 1986; 47: 189-192.