Pathogenesis of nasal polyps: An update

Current Allergy and Asthma Reports

Volumn 5, Issue 6, 2005, Pages 463-471

  Pawliczak, Rafal ^a   Lewandowska Polak, Anna ^a   Kowalski, Marek L ^a  

^a MEDICAL UNIVERSITY OF LODZ   (Poland)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID; ARACHIDONIC ACID; CYTOKINE; GROWTH FACTOR;

ALLERGIC ASTHMA; ARACHIDONIC ACID METABOLISM; BACTERIAL INFECTION; CELL PROLIFERATION; CYTOKINE PRODUCTION; DRUG HYPERSENSITIVITY; EOSINOPHIL; EPITHELIUM CELL; FIBROBLAST; GENETIC SUSCEPTIBILITY; HUMAN; INFLAMMATORY CELL; MYCOSIS; NOSE MUCOSA; NOSE POLYP; PATHOGENESIS; REVIEW; RHINOSINUSITIS; VIRUS INFECTION;

EID: 28044454362     PISSN: 15297322     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s11882-005-0027-7     Document Type: Review

References (78)

1. Settipane GA: Nasal polyps: epidemiology, pathology, immunology and treatment. Am J Rhinol 1987, 1:119-126.
2. Fokkens W, Lund V, Bachert C, et al.: EAACI position paper on rhinosinusitis and nasal polyps executive summary. Allergy 2005, 60:583-601.
3. Settipane GA: Epidemiology of nasal polyps. Allergy Asthma Proc 1996, 17:231-236.
4. Larsen PL, Tos M: Origin of nasal polyps: an endoscopic autopsy study. Laryngoscope 2004, 114:710-719.
5. Bresciani M, Paradis L, Des Roches A, et al.: Rhinosinusitis in severe asthma. J Allergy Clin Immumol 2001, 107:73-80.
6. Kowalski ML, Pawliczak R, Wozniak J, et al.: Differential metabolism of arachidonic acid in nasal polyp epithelial cells cultured from aspirin-sensitive and aspirin-tolerant patients. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2000, 161:391-398.
7. Stevenson DD, Zuraw BL: Pathogenesis of aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2003, 24:169-188.
8. Slavin RG: Nasal polyps and sinusitis. Clin Allergy Immunol 2002, 16:295-309.
9. Yasan H: Significance of nasal polyps in chronic rhinosinusitis: symptoms and surgical outcomes. Laryngoscope 2005, 115:1320-1321.
10. Stoop AE, van der Heijden HA, Biewenga J, et al.: Eosinophils in nasal polyps and nasal mucosa: an immunohistochemical study. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1993, 91:616-622.
11. Park HS, Kim HY, Nahm DH, et al.: The presence of atopy does not determine the type of cellular infiltrate in nasal polyps. Allergy Asthma Proc 1998, 19:373-377.
12. Park HS, Nahm DH, Park K, et al.: Immunohistochemical characterization of cellular infiltrate in nasal polyp from aspirin-sensitive asthmatic patients. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 1998, 81:219-224.
13. Ozcan C, Zeren H, Talas DU, et al.: Antrochoanal polyp: a transmission electron and light microscopic study. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2005, 262:55-60.
14. Finotto S, Dolovich J, Denburg JA, et al.: Functional heterogeneity of mast cells isolated from different microenvironments within nasal polyp tissue. Clin Exp Immunol 1994, 95:343-350.
15. Morinaka S, Nakamura H: Inflammatory cells in nasal mucosa and nasal polyps. Auris Nasus Larynx 2000, 27:59-64.
16. Fokkens WJ, Holm AF, Rijntjes E, et al.: Characterization and quantification of cellular infiltrates in nasal mucosa of patients with grass pollen allergy, non-allergic patients with nasal polyps and controls. Int Arch Allergy Appl Immunol 1990, 93:66-72.
17. Stoop AE, Hameleers DM, v Run PE, et al.: Lymphocytes and nonlymphoid cells in the nasal mucosa of patients with nasal polyps and of healthy subjects. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1989, 84:734-741.
18. Sanchez-Segura A, Brieva JA, Rodriguez C: T lymphocytes that infiltrate nasal polyps have a specialized phenotype and produce a mixed TH1/TH2 pattern of cytokines. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1998, 102:953-960.
19. Jankowski R, Bouchoua F, Coffinet L, et al.: Clinical factors influencing the eosinophil infiltration of nasal polyps. Rhinology 2002, 40:173-178.
20. Dunnette SL, Hall MM, Washington JA 2nd, et al.: Microbiologic analyses of nasal polyp tissue. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1986, 78:102-108.
21. Dawes P, Bates G, Watson D, et al.: The role of bacterial infection of the maxillary sinus in nasal polyps. Clin Otolaryngol 1989, 14:447-450.
22. Bachert C, Gevaert P, Holtappels G, et al.: Total and specific IgE in nasal polyps is related to local eosinophilic inflammation. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2001, 107:607-614.
23. Gevaert P, Holtappels G, Johansson SG, et al.: Organization of secondary lymphoid tissue and local IgE formation to Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxins in nasal polyp tissue. Allergy 2005, 60:71-79.
24. Shin SH, Ponikau JU, Sherris DA, et al.: Chronic rhinosinusitis: an enhanced immune response to ubiquitous airborne fungi. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2004, 114:1369-1375.
25. Greisner WA 3rd, Settipane GA: Hereditary factor for nasal polyps. Allergy Asthma Proc 1996, 17:283-286.
26. Moloney JR, Oliver RT: HLA antigens, nasal polyps and asthma. Clin Otolaryngol 1980, 5:183-189.
27. Luxenberger W, Posch U, Berghold A, et al.: HLA patterns in patients with nasal polyposis. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2000, 257:137-139.
28. Schubert MS, Hutcheson PS, Graff RJ, et al.: HIA-DQB1 *03 in allergic fungal sinusitis and other chronic hypertrophic rhinosinusitis disorders. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2004, 114:1376-1383.
29. Fritz SB, Terrell JE, Conner ER, et al.: Nasal mucosal gene expression in patients with allergic rhinitis with and without nasal polyps. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2003, 112:1057-1063.
30. Caplin I, Haynes JT, Spahn J: Are nasal polyps an allergic phenomenon? Ann Allergy 1971, 29:631-634.
31. Wong D, Dolovich J: Blood eosinophilia and nasal polyps. Am J Rhinol 1992, 6:195-198.
32. Asero R, Bottazzi G: Nasal polyposis: a study of its association with airborne allergen hypersensitivity. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2001, 86:283-285.
33. Van Lancker JA, Yarnold PA, Ditto AM, et al.: Aeroallergen hypersensitivity: comparing patients with nasal polyps to those with allergic rhinitis. Allergy Asthma Proc 2005, 26:109-112.
34. Mullol J, Xaubet A, Gaya A, et al.: Cytokine gene expression and release from epithelial cells: a comparison study between healthy nasal mucosa and nasal polyps. Clin Exp Allergy 1995, 25:607-615.
35. Wittekindt C, Hess A, Bloch W, et al.: Immunohistochemical expression of VEGF and VEGF receptors in nasal polyps as compared to normal turbinate mucosa. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2002, 259:294-298.
36. Finotto S, Ohno I, Marshall JS, et al.: TNF-alpha production by eosinophils in upper airways inflammation (nasal polyposis). J Immunol 1994, 153:2278-2289.
37. Ohno I, Lea RG, Flanders KC, et al.: Eosinophils in chronically inflamed human upper airway tissues express transforming growth factor beta 1 gene (TGF beta 1). J Clin Invest 1992, 89:1662-1668.
38. Bradley DT, Kountakis SE: Role of interleukins and transforming growth factor-beta in chronic rhinosinusitis and nasal polyposis. Laryngoscope 2005, 115:684-686.
39. Ohno I, Lea R, Finotto S, et al.: Granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) gene expression by eosinophils in nasal polyposis. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 1991, 5:505-510.
40. Bachert C, Wagenmann M, Hauser U, et al.: IL-5 synthesis is upregulated in human nasal polyp tissue. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1997, 99:837-842.
41. Nonaka M, Nonaka R, Woolley K, et al.: Distinct immunohistochemical localization of IL-4 in human inflamed airway tissues: IL-4 is localized to eosinophils in vivo and is released by peripheral blood eosinophils. J Immunol 1995, 155:3234-3244.
42. Norlander T, Westermark A, van Setten G, et al.: Basic fibroblast growth factor in nasal polyps immunohistochemical and quantitative findings. Rhinology 2001, 39:88-92.
43. Jahnsen FL, Brandtzaeg P, Haye R, et al.: Expression of functional VCAM-1 by cultured nasal polyp-derived microvascular endothelium. Am J Pathol 1997, 150:2113-2123.
44. Kim CH, Song KS, Kim SS, et al.: Expression of MUC5AC mRNA in the goblet cells of human nasal mucosa. Laryngoscope 2000, 110:2110-2113.
45. Seong JK, Koo JS, Lee WJ, et al.: Upregulation of MUC8 and downregulation of MUC5AC by inflammatory mediators in human nasal polyps and cultured nasal epithelium. Acta Otolaryngol 2002, 122:401-407.
46. Takeuchi K, Yuta A, Sakakura Y: MUC2 mucin gene expression in the nose and maxillary sinus. Am J Otolaryngol 1995, 16:391-395.
47. Hamilos DL, Leung DY, Wood R, et al.: Evidence for distinct cytokine expression in allergic versus nonallergic chronic sinusitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1995, 96:537-544.
48. Nonaka M, Pawankar R, Saji F, et al.: Eotaxin synthesis by nasal polyp fibroblasts. Acta Otolaryngol 1999, 119:816-820.
49. Samter M, Beers RF Jr: Intolerance to aspirin: clinical studies and consideration of its pathogenesis. Ann Intern Med 1968, 68:975-983.
50. Jantti-Alanko S, Holopainen E, Malmberg H: Recurrence of nasal polyps after surgical treatment. Rhinol Suppl 1989, 8:59-64.
51. Vento SI, Ertama LO, Hytonen ML, et al.: Nasal polyposis: clinical course during 20 years. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2000, 85:209-214.
52. Kowalski ML, Bienkiewicz B, Kordek P, et al.: Nasal polyposis in aspirin-hypersensitive patients with asthma (aspirin triad) and aspirin-tolerant patients. Allergy Clin Immunol Int: J World Allergy Org 2003, 6:246-250.
53. Szczeklik A, Gryglewski RJ, Czerniawska-Mysik G: Relationship of inhibition of prostaglandin biosynthesis by analgesics to asthma attacks in aspirin-sensitive patients. Br Med J 1975, 1:67-69.
54. Kowalski ML, Grzegorczyk J, Wojciechowska B, et al.: Intranasal challenge with aspirin induces cell influx and activation of eosinophils and mast cells in nasal secretions of ASA-sensitive patients. Clin Exp Allergy 1996, 26:807-814.
55. Kowalski ML: Rhinosinusitis and nasal polyposis in aspirin sensitive and aspirin tolerant patients: Are they different? Thorax 2000, 55(Suppl 2):S84-S86.
56. Jankowski R: Eosinophils in the pathophysiology of nasal polyposis. Acta Otolaryngol 1996, 116:160-163.
57. Kowalski ML, Lewandowska A, Wozniak J, et al.: Inhibition of nasal polyp mast cell and eosinophil activation by desloratadine. Allergy 2005, 60:80-85.
58. Hamilos DL, Leung DY, Huston DP, et al.: GM-CSF, IL-5 and RANTES immunoreactivity and mRNA expression in chronic hyperplastic sinusitis with nasal polyposis (NP). Clin Exp Allergy 1998, 28:1145-1152.
59. Varga EM, Jacobson MR, Masuyama K, et al.: Inflammatory cell populations and cytokine mRNA expression in the nasal mucosa in aspirin-sensitive rhinitis. Eur Respir J 1999, 14:610-615.
60. Pods R, Ross D, van Hulst S, et al.: RANTES, eotaxin and eotaxin-2 expression and production in patients with aspirin triad. Allergy 2003, 58:1165-1170.
61. Bachert C, Gevaert P, van Cauwenberge P: Nasal polyposis: a new concept on the formation of polyps. ACI International 1999, 11:130-135.
62. Kowalski ML, Grzegorczyk J, Pawliczak R, et al.: Decreased apoptosis and distinct profile of infiltrating cells in the nasal polyps of patients with aspirin hypersensitivity. Allergy 2002, 57:493-500.
63. Perez-Novo CA, Kowalski ML, Kuna P, et al.: Aspirin sensitivity and IgE antibodies to Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxins in nasal polyposis: studies on the relationship. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2004, 133:255-260.
64. Kowalski ML, Lewandowska-Polak A, Wozniak J, et al.: Association of stem cell factor expression in nasal polyp epithelial cells with aspirin sensitivity and asthma. Allergy 2005, 60:631-637.
65. Szczeklik A: Aspirin-induced asthma as a viral disease. Clin Allergy 1988, 18:15-20.
66. Szczeklik A, Gryglewski RJ, Olszewski E, et al.: Aspirin-sensitive asthma: the effect of aspirin on the release of prostaglandins from nasal polyps. Pharmacol Res Commun 1977, 9:415-425.
67. Picado C, Fernandez-Morata JC, Juan M, et al.: Cyclooxygenase-2 mRNA is downexpressed in nasal polyps from aspirin-sensitive asthmatics. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1999, 160:291-296.
68. Picado C, Bioque G, Roca-Ferrer J, et al.: Nuclear factor-kappaB activity is down-regulated in nasal polyps from aspirin-sensitive asthmatics. Allergy 2003, 58:122-126.
69. Pujols L, Mullol J, Alobid I, et al.: Dynamics of COX-2 in nasal mucosa and nasal polyps from aspirin-tolerant and aspirin-intolerant patients with asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2004, 114:814-819.
70. Szczeklik A, Stevenson DD: Aspirin-induced asthma: advances in pathogenesis, diagnosis, and management. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2003, 111:913-922.
71. Jung TT, Juhn SK, Hwang D, et al.: Prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and other arachidonic acid metabolites in nasal polyps and nasal mucosa. Laryngoscope 1987, 97:184-189.
72. Picado C, Ramis I, Rosello J, et al.: Release of peptide leukotriene into nasal secretions after local instillation of aspirin in aspirin-sensitive asthmatic patients. Am Rev Respir Dis 1992, 145:65-69.
73. Perez-Novo CA, Watelet JB, Claeys C, et al.: Prostaglandin, leukotriene, and lipoxin balance in chronic rhinosinusitis with and without nasal polyposis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2005, 115:1189-1196.
74. Corrigan C, Mallett K, Ying S, et al.: Expression of the cysteinyl leukotriene receptors cysLT(1) and cysLT(2) in aspirin-sensitive and aspirin-tolerant chronic rhinosinusitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2005, 115:316-322.
75. Dahlen SE, Nizankowska E, Dahlen B: The Swedish-Polish treatment study with the 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor Zileuton in aspirin-intolerant asthmatics. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1995, 151:370-376.
76. Ragab S, Parikh A, Darby YC, et al.: An open audit of montelukast, a leukotriene receptor antagonist, in nasal polyposis associated with asthma. Clin Exp Allergy 2001, 31:1385-1391.
77. Kowalski ML, Ptasinska A, Bienkiewicz B, et al.: Differential effects of aspirin and misoprostol on 15-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid generation by leukocytes from aspirin-sensitive asthmatic patients. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2003, 112-505-512.
78. Kowalski ML, Ptasinska A, Jedrzejczak M, et al.: Aspirin-triggered 15-HETE generation in peripheral blood leukocytes is a specific and sensitive Aspirin-Sensitive Patients Identification Test (ASPITest)*. Allergy 2005, 60:1139-1145.