Electromagnetic field exposure limitation and the future of MRI

British Journal of Radiology

Volumn 78, Issue 935, 2005, Pages 973-975

  Keevil, S F ^a,b   Gedroyc, W ^c   Gowland, P ^d   Hill, D L G ^e   Leach, M O ^f   Ludman, C N ^g   McLeish, K ^a   McRobbie, D W ^h   Razavi, R S ^a   Young, I R ⁱ  

^a KING'S COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

^b GUY'S AND ST THOMAS' NHS FOUNDATION TRUST   (United Kingdom)

^c ST MARY S HOSPITAL   (United Kingdom)

^d UNIVERSITY OF NOTTINGHAM   (United Kingdom)

^e UNIVERSITY COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

^f INSTITUTE OF CANCER RESEARCH   (United Kingdom)

^g QUEEN S MEDICAL CENTRE   (United Kingdom)

^h CHARING CROSS HOSPITAL   (United Kingdom)

ⁱ IMPERIAL COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASE; CLINICAL PRACTICE; ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD; EMPLOYMENT; EUROPEAN UNION; GOVERNMENT REGULATION; HEALTH CARE DELIVERY; HEALTH HAZARD; INTERVENTIONAL MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; LEGAL ASPECT; NERVE STIMULATION; NOTE; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE; PATIENT CARE; RADIATION ABSORPTION; RADIATION EXPOSURE; RADIATION HAZARD; RADIATION PROTECTION; RADIOFREQUENCY RADIATION; RISK BENEFIT ANALYSIS; UNITED KINGDOM; X RAY ANALYSIS;

ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS; EUROPEAN UNION; FORECASTING; GREAT BRITAIN; HUMANS; MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE;

EID: 28044449155     PISSN: 00071285     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1259/bjr/21943393     Document Type: Note

References (9)

1. Directive 2004/40/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 29 April 2004 on the minimum health and safety requirements regarding the exposure of workers to the risks arising from physical agents (electromagnetic fields). Official Journal of the European Union L 159 of 30 April 2004 (and corrigenda L 184 of 24 May 2004). [http://www.hse.gov.uk/ radiation/nonionising/1184emf.pdf, accessed 21st June 2005.]
2. International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection. Guidelines for limiting exposure to time-varying electric, magnetic and electromagnetic fields (up to 300 GHz). Health Phys 1998;74:494-522.
3. National Radiological Protection Board. Advice on limiting exposure to electromagnetic fields (0-300 GHz). Documents of the NRPB 2004;15:5-35.
4. Hill DLG, McLeish K, Keevil SF. Impact of electromagnetic field exposure limits in Europe: is the future of interventional MRI safe? Acad Radiol 2005;12:1135-42.
5. National Radiological Protection Board. Review of the scientific evidence for limiting exposure to electromagnetic fields (0-300 GHz). Documents of the NRPB 2004;15:1-210.
6. International Electrotechnical Commission. Particular requirements for the safety of magnetic resonance equipment for medical diagnosis. IEC standard 60601-2-33. Geneva, Switzerland: IEC, 2001.
7. International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection. Medical magnetic resonance (MR) procedures: protection of patients. Health Phys 2004;87:197-216.
8. Mobile Phones and Health (the Stewart Report). London, UK: Independent expert group on mobile phones, 2000: para 6.10. [http://www.iegmp.org.uk/report/text.htm, accessed 21st June 2005.]
9. Proposal for a Physical Agents (Electromagnetic Fields) Directive. Regulatory impact assessment. 24 April 2003. Annex A to MISC/03/11. [http://www.hse.gov.uk/aboutus/hsc/meetings/2003/100603/ misc11a.pdf, accessed 21st June 2005.]