Populist Nationalism, Anti-Europeanism, Postnationalism, and the East-West Distinction

German Law Journal

Volumn 6, Issue 2, 2005, Pages 371-389

  Blokker, Paul ^a  

^a CENTRAL EUROPEAN UNIVERSITY   (Hungary)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 28044439915     PISSN: None     EISSN: 20718322     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1017/S2071832200013687     Document Type: Article

References (62)

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2. See for various forms of 'modernizationist' argumentation: David Lovell, Nationalism, civil society, and the prospects for freedom in Eastern Europe, 45: 1 AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF POLITICS AND HISTORY 65 (1999);
3. Michael Minkenberg, The radical right in postsocialist Central and Eastern Europe: comparing observations and interpretations, 16 2 EAST EUROPEAN POLITICS AND SOCIETIES 335 (2002);
4. Cas Mudde, In the Name of the Peasantry, the Proletariat, and the People: Populisms in Eastern Europe, 14 2 EAST EUROPEAN POLITICS AND SOCIETIES 33 (2000);
5. Andrej Skolkay, Populism in Central Eastern Europe, THINKING FUNDAMENTALS, IWM Junior Visiting Fellows Conferences 9 (2000).
6. Juraj Buzalka, Is rural populism on the decline? Continuities and Changes in Twentieth Century Central Europe - The case of Slovakia, SUSSEX EUROPEAN INSTITUTE WORKING PAPER 73 (2004);
7. GERARD DELANTY / PATRICK O'MAHONY, NATIONALISM AND SOCIAL THEORY. MODERNITY AND THE RECALCITRANCE OF THE NATION chapter 7 (2002).
8. MICHAEL IGNATIEFF, BLOOD AND BELONGING (1993).
9. Johann P. Arnason, Nationalism, globalization, and modernity, 7 THEORY, CULTURE & SOCIETY 207 (1990);
10. Robert Fine, Benign nationalism? The limits of the civic ideal, in: PEOPLE, NATION, AND STATE. THE MEANING OF ETHNICITY AND NATIONALISM 149 (EDWARD MORTIMER, ED., WITH ROBERT FINE, 1999);
11. George Schöpflin, Nationalism and ethnicity in Europe, East and West, in: NATIONALISM AND NATIONALITIES IN THE NEW EUROPE 37 (CHARLES KUPCHAN, ED., 1995);
12. ANDRZEJ WALICKI, PHILOSOPHY AND ROMANTIC NATIONALISM: THE CASE OF POLAND (1982);
13. RUTH WODAK ET AL., THE DISCURSIVE CONSTRUCTION OF NATIONAL IDENTITY (1999);
14. Bernard Yack, The myth of the civic nation, in: THEORIZING NATIONALISM 103 (RONALD BEINER, ED., 1999).
15. Jirí Pribán, Reconstituting Paradise Lost: Temporality, Civility, and Ethnicity in Post-Communist Constitution-making, 38:3 LAW & SOCIETY REVIEW 407, 418 (2004).
16. PIERRE MANENT, AN INTELLECTUAL HISTORY OF LIBERALISM (1995).
17. Cf., Gerard Delanty, The persistence of nationalism: modernity and discourses of the nation, in: HANDBOOK OF HISTORICAL SOCIOLOGY 287 (GERARD DELANTY / ENGIN F. ISIN, EDS., 2003).
18. LIAH GREENFELD, NATIONALISM. FIVE ROADS TO MODERNITY (1992).
19. ANDREW JANOS, THE POLITICS OF BACKWARDNESS IN HUNGARY, 1825-1945 (1982)
20. PAUL BLOKKER, MODERNITY AND ITS VARIETIES. A HISTORICAL SOCIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF THE ROMANIAN MODERN EXPERIENCE, Ph.D. thesis European University Institute (2004).
21. Cf., HANS KOHN, THE IDEA OF NATIONALISM: A STUDY IN ITS ORIGINS AND BACKGROUND (1961); GREENFELD (note 11);
22. Charles Kupchan, Introduction: nationalism resurgent, in: NATIONALISM AND NATIONALITIES IN THE NEW EUROPE (CHARLES KUPCHAN, ED., 1995);
23. PETER SUGAR, EAST EUROPEAN NATIONALISM, POLITICS, AND RELIGION (1994) [1969].
24. Liah Greenfeld, Nationalism in Western and Eastern Europe compared, in: CAN EUROPE WORK? GERMANY AND THE RECONSTRUCTION OF POSTCOMMUNIST SOCIETIES (STEPHEN E. HANSON / WILLFRIED SPOHN, EDS., 1995).
25. ROGERS BRUBAKER, NATIONALISM REFRAMED. NATIONHOOD AND THE NATIONAL QUESTION IN THE NEW EUROPE (1996).
26. Taras Kuzio, 'Nationalising states' or nation-building? A critical review of the theoretical literature and empirical evidence, 7 (2) NATIONS AND NATIONALISM 135 (2001).
27. Romanian Greater Romania Party, Doctrina Partidului România Mare, available at
28. Laurentiu Stefan-Scalat, Partidul România Mare. Un profil doctrinar, 67 SFERA POLITICII (1998), available at
29. See HANS-GEORG BETZ, RADICAL RIGHT WING POPULISM IN WESTERN EUROPE (1994);
30. THE POLITICS OF THE EXTREME RIGHT: FROM THE MARGINS TO THE MAINSTREAM (PAUL HAINSWORTH, ED., 2000);
31. PAUL HOCKENOS, FREE TO HATE: THE RISE OF THE RIGHT IN POST-COMMUNIST EASTERN EUROPE (1993);
32. HERBERT KITSCHELT, THE RADICAL RIGHT-WING IN WESTERN EUROPE: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS (1995).
33. See, in particular, Margaret Canovan, Trust the People! Populism and the two faces of Democracy, 47 POLITICAL STUDIES 2 (1999);
34. YVES MÉNY / YVES SUREL, POPULISMO E DEMOCRAZIA (2001);
35. Benjamin Arditi, Populism as a Spectre of Democracy: A Response to Canovan, 52 POLITICAL STUDIES 135 (2004);
36. Nadia Urbinati, Populism and democracy, 1 CONSTELLATIONS 110 (1998).
37. Western European example, see the Dutch Socialist Party (see its program for the elections of the European Parliament of June 2004, 'Wie zwijgt stemt toe!', available at )
38. Programul Politic al Partidului Democratiei Sociale din România, available at ).
39. see, also, SHMUEL EISENSTADT, FUNDAMENTALISM, SECTARIANISM, AND REVOLUTION: THE JACOBIN DIMENSION OF MODERNITY (1999).
40. CLAUDE LEFORT, DEMOCRACY AND POLITICAL THEORY 19-20 (1988).
41. Julie Mostov, The use and abuse of history in Eastern Europe: a challenge for the 1990s, 4 3 CONSTELLATIONS 376, 380 (1998).
42. DELANTY / O'MAHONY (note 2), xv.
43. See, for an insightful account, MICHAEL WALZER, THICK AND THIN. MORAL ARGUMENT AT HOME AND ABROAD Chapter 4 (1994).
44. The National Doctrine combines faith, the sentiment of liberty and justice, love for the ancient homeland and ancestral traditions", available at (my translation).
45. Miroslav Hroch, Nationalism and national movements: comparing the past and the present of Central and Eastern Europe, 2 (1) NATIONS AND NATIONALISM 35 (1996);
46. Klaus von Beyme, Rechtsextremismus in Osteuropa, SONDERHEFT RECHTEXTREMISMUS. ERGEBNISSE UND PERSPEKTIVEN DER FORSCHUNG, 27 POLITISCHE VIERTELJAHRESSCHRIFT 423 (JÜRGEN W. FALTER / HANS-GERD JASCHKE / JÜRGEN R. WINKLER, EDS., 1996).
47. Istvan Csurka, Mit ungarischen Augen, MAGYAR FÓRUM, 10 February 2000, italics added, available at: http://www.elpok.de/de/ma-d0.htm).
48. Cf., Mostov (note 35).
49. CAN LIBERAL PLURALISM BE EXPORTED? WESTERN POLITICAL THEORY AND ETHNIC RELATIONS IN EASTERN EUROPE (WILL KYMLICKA / MAGDA OPALSKI, EDS., 2001).
50. Cf., Will Kymlicka, Misunderstanding nationalism, in: THEORIZING NATIONALISM 131 (RONALD BEINER, ED., 1999).
51. See Cas Mudde / Petr Kopecky, The two sides of Euroscepticism. Party positions on European integration in East Central Europe, in: 3 (3) EUROPEAN UNION POLITICS 297 (2002).
52. Canovan (note 20).
53. Cf., MÉNY / SUREL (note 20).
54. Jürgen Habermas, The European Nation-State - Its achievements and its limits. On the past and the future of sovereignty and citizenship, in: MAPPING THE NATION 281 (GOPAL BALAKRISHNAN, ED., 1996);
55. JÜRGEN HABERMAS, THE POSTNATIONAL CONSTELLATION. POLITICAL ESSAYS (2001);
56. DIE EINBEZIEHUNG DES ANDEREN (1999).
57. Cf., Gerard Delanty, Models of European identity: reconciling universalism and particularism, 3:3 PERSPECTIVES ON EUROPEAN POLITICS AND SOCIETY 345 (2002).
58. Fine (note 8), 153.
59. Preamble of the 'Treaty establishing a Constitution of Europe', 13 October 2004, CIG 87/1/04 REV 1.
60. Jürgen Habermas, Why Europe needs a constitution, 11 NEW LEFT REVIEW 5 (2001);
61. it should be underlined, though, that early nation-building in Western Europe and the United States was certainly not a peaceful process.
62. See, for instance, Will Kymlicka's discussion of the importance of societal culture in Western societies, Will Kymlicka, Western political theory and ethnic relations in Eastern Europe, in: KYMLICKA / OPALSKI 13 (note 43).