Toxic and genotoxic effects of trivalent and hexavalent chromium - A review

Revista Brasileira de Toxicologia

Volumn 18, Issue 1, 2005, Pages 77-85

  Matsumoto, Silvia T ^a   Marin Morales, Maria A ^b  

^a FEDERAL UNIVERSITY OF ESPÍRITO SANTO   (Brazil)

^b SÃO PAULO STATE UNIVERSITY UNESP   (Brazil)

Author keywords

Chromium; Genotoxicity; Heavy metal

Indexed keywords

ANION; CHROMIUM; DNA; PHOSPHATE; SULFATE;

BIOTRANSFORMATION; CELL ACTIVITY; CELL MEMBRANE; CHEMICAL STRUCTURE; CHROMOSOME ABERRATION; CONFERENCE PAPER; DNA DAMAGE; DNA STRUCTURE; DNA SYNTHESIS; ECOSYSTEM; ENDOCYTOSIS; ENVIRONMENT; GENOTOXICITY; HEALTH; IN VITRO STUDY; IN VIVO STUDY; MICRONUCLEUS; MUTAGENICITY; OXIDATION; PHAGOCYTOSIS; REDUCTION; SISTER CHROMATID EXCHANGE; TOXICITY;

EID: 27844546112     PISSN: 14152983     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (65)

1. AIYAR, J., BORGES, K.M., FLOYD, R.A., WETTERHAHN, K.E. Role of chromium(V), glutathione thiyl radical and hydroxyl radical intermediates in chromium(Vi)-induced Dna damage. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry., v. 22, p. 135-148, 1989.
2. ALLEMAN, M.A., KOSTER, J.F., WILSON, J.H.P., EDIXHOVEN-BOSDIJK, A., SLEE, R.G., KROSS, M.J., EIJK, H.G.V. The involvement of iron an lipid peroxidation in the pathogenesis of HCB-induced porphyria. Biochem. Pharmacology., v. 34, p. 161-166, 1985.
3. AMES, B.A., SHINGENAGA, M.K., PARK, E.M. Oxidative damage and repair: chemical, biological and medical aspects. Elmsford. Pergamon Press, 1991.
4. BAGCH, D., STOHS, S.J., DOWNS, B.W., BAGCHI, M., PREUSS, H.G. Cytotoxicity and oxidative mechanisms of differents forms of chromium. Toxicology, v. 180, p. 5-22, 2002.
5. BEYERSMANN, D., BLOCK, C., MALVIYA, A. Effects of cadmium on nuclear protein kinase C. Environmental Health Perspectives, v. 102, p. 177-180, 1994.
6. BLAKELY, W.F., FUCIARELLI, A.F., WEGHER, B.J., DIZDAROUGLU, M. Hydrogen peroxide-induced base damage in deoxyribonucleic. Acid Radiatation Research, v. 12, p. 338-343, 1990.
7. BORGES, K.M., BOSEWLL, J.S., LIEBROSS, R.H., WETTERHAHN, K.E. Activation of chromium (VI) by thiols results in chromium (V) formation chromium bing to DNA and altered DNA conformation. Carcinogenesis, v. 12, p. 5551-5561, 1991.
8. BRIAT, J.F., LEBRUN, M. Plant responses to metal toxicity. Sciences de la vie, v. 322, p. 43-54, 1999.
9. CHAKRAVARTY, B., SRIVASTAVA, S. Toxicity of some heavy metals in vivo and in vitro in Helianthus annuus. Mutation Research, v. 283, p. 287-294, 1992.
10. CHAN, P.C., PELLER, O.G., KESNER, L. Copper(II)-catalyzed lipid peroxidation in liposomes and erythrocyte membrane. Lipids, v. 17, p. 331-337, 1982.
11. CODD, R., DILLON, C.T., LEVINA, A., LAY, P.A. Studies on the genotoxicity of chromium: from the test tube to the cell. Coordination Chemistry Reviews, v. 216, p. 537-582, 2001.
12. COHEN, M.D., KARGACIN, B., KLEIN, C.B., COSTA, M. Mechanisms of chromium carcinogenicity and toxicity. Critical reviews in toxicology, v. 23, p. 255-281, 1993.
13. CONNETT, P.H., WETTERHAHN, K.E. Metabolism of the carcinogen chromate by cellular-constituents. Structure and bonding, v. 54, p. 93-124, 1983.
14. CONNETT, P.H., WETTERHAHN, K.E. In vitro reaction of the carcinogen chromate with cellular thiols and carboxylic-acids. Journal of the american chemical society, v. 107, p. 4282-4288, 1985.
15. CUNNINGHAM, R.P. DNA repair: Caretakers of the genome? Current biology, v. 7, p. 576-579, 1997.
16. DE, S.K., DEY, S.K., ANDREWS, G.K. Cadmium teratogenicity and its relationship with metallothionein gene expression in midgestation mouse embryos. Toxicology, 76. 64, p. 89-104, 1990.
17. DEBETTO, P., TOSO, R.D., VAROTTO, R., BIANCHI, V., LUCIANI, S. Effects of potassium dichromate on ATP content of mammalian-cells cultured in vitro. Chemico-biological interactions, v. 41, p. 15-24, 1982.
18. DEBETTO, P., LUCIANI S. Toxic effect of chromium on cellular-metabolism Science of the total environmental, v. 71, p. 365-377, 1988.
19. FRIBERG, L., NORDBERG, G.F., VOUK, V.B. Handbook on the toxicology of metals. Amsterdam. 1985.
20. HALLIWELL, B., GUTTERIDGE, J.M.C. Oxygen radicals and the nervous system. Trends neurosciences, v. 8, p. 22-26, 1985.
21. HALLIWELL, B. How to characterize a biological antioxidant. Free radical research communications, v. 9, p. 1-32, 1990.
22. HALLIWELL, B., AESCHBACH, R., LOLIGER, J., AUOMA, O.I The chracterization of antioxidants. Food and chemical toxicology, v. 33, p. 601-617, 1995.
23. JONES, P., KORTENKAMP, A., O'BRIEN, P., WANG, G., YANG, G. Evidence for the generation of hydroxyl radicals from a chromium (V) intermediate isolated from the reaction of chromate with glutathione. Arch, biochemistry and biophys, v. 286, p. 652-655, 1991.
24. KAWANISHI, S., INOUE, S., SANO, S. Mechanism of DNA cleavage induced by sodium chromate (VI) in the presence of hydrogen peroxide. Journal of biology chemistry, v. 261, p. 5952-5958, 1986.
25. KRISHNAMOORTHY, C.R. HARRIS, G.M. Equilibrium and rate study of the interaction of aqueous chromium(III) ion with adenine. Journal of coordination chemistry, v. 10, p. 55-65, 1980.
26. KORTENKAMP, A., CASADEVALL, M., FAUX, S.P., JENNER, A., SHAYER, R.O.J., WOODBRIDGE, N., O'BRIEN, P. A. role for molecular oxygen in the formation of DNA damage during the reduction of the carcinogen chromium(VI) by glutathione. Arch. of biochemistry and biophysics, v. 329, p. 199-207, 1996.
27. LEONARD, A., LAUWERYS, R.R. Carcinogenicity and mutagenicity of chromium. Mutation research, v. 76, p. 227-239, 1980.
28. LI, Y., TRUSH, M.A. Oxidation of hydroquinone by copper: Chemical mechanism and biological effects. Arch. of biochemistry and biophysics, v. 300, p. 346-355, 1993.
29. L'HUILLIER, L., D'AUZAC, J., DURAND, M., MICHAUD-FERRIÈRE, N. Nickel effects on two maize (Zea mays) cultivars: growth, structure, Ni concentration, and localization. Canadian journal of botany, v. 74, p. 1547-1554, 1996.
30. MAJER, B.J., TSCHERKO, D., PASCHKE, A., WENNRICH, R., KUNDI, M., KANDELER, E., KNASMÜLLER, S. Effects of heavy metal contamination of soils on micronucleus induction in Tradescantia and on microbial enzyme activities: a comparative investigation. Mutation research, v. 515, p. 111-124, 2002.
31. MINISSI, S., LOMBI, E. Heavy metal content and mutagenic activity, evaluated by Vicia faba micronucleus test, of Tiber river sediments. Mutation research, v. 39, p. 317-321, 1997.
32. MINOTTI, G., AUST, S.D. The role of iron in the initiation of lipid peroxidation. Chemistry and physics of lipids, v. 44, p. 191-208, 1987.
33. MOLYNEUX, M.J., DAVIES, M.J. Direct Evidence For Hydroxyl Radical-Induced Damage To Nucleic-Acids By Chromium(Vi)-Derived Species - Implications For Chromium Carcinogenesis. Carcinogenesis, v. 16, p. 875-882, 1995.
34. MOUNT, D.R., HOCKETT, J.R. Use of toxicity identification evaluation methods to characterize, identify, and confirm hexavalent chromium toxicity in an industrial effluent. Water research, v. 34, p. 1379-1385, 2000.
35. O'BRIEN, P., KORTENKAMP, A. The chemistry underlying chromate toxicity. Transition metal chemistry, v. 20, p. 636-642, 1995.
36. O'BRIEN, T., XU, J., PATIERNO, S.R. Effects of glutathione on chromium-induced DNA crosslinking and DNA polymerase arrest. Molecular and cellular biochemistry, v. 222, p. 173-182, 2001.
37. OHBA, H., SUKETA, Y., OKADA, S. Enhancement of in vitro ribonucleic-acid synthesis on chromium(III)-bound chromatin. Journal of inorganic biochemistry, v. 27, p. 179-189, 1986.
38. OKADA, S., OHBA, H., TANIYAMA, M. Alterations in ribonucleic-acid synthesis by chromium(III). Journal of inorganic biochemistry, v. 15, p. 223-231, 1981.
39. OZAWA, T., HANAKI, A. Spin-trapping studies on the reactions of Cr(III) with hudrogen peroxide in the presence of biological reductants: Is Cr(III) nontoxic? Biochemistry international, v. 22, p. 343-352, 1990.
40. OZAWA, T., UEDA, J., SHIMAZU, Y. DNA single strand breakage by copper (II) complexes and hydrogen peroxide at physiological conditions. Biochemistry and molecular biology international, v. 31, p.455-461, 1993.
41. PASCALICCHIO, A.E. Contaminação por metais pesados. São Paulo. Annablume, 2002.
42. PRYOR, W.A. Why is the hydroxyl radical the only radical that commonly adds to DNA? Hypothesis: it is a rare combination of high electrophiliciity, high thermochemical reactivity, and a mode of production that occurs near DNA. Free radical biology & medicine, v. 4, p. 219-223, 1988.
43. ROBERTSON, A.L. The poisoning of roots of Zea mays by nickel ions, and the protection afforded by magnesium and calcium. New philologists, v. 100, p. 173-189, 1985.
44. ROJAS, E., HERRERA, L.A., POIRIER, L.A., OSTROSKY-EWGMAN, P. Are metals dietary carcinogens? Mutation research, v. 443, p. 157-181, 1999.
45. SCHAAPER, R.M., KOPLITZ, R.M., TKESHELASHVILI, L.K., LOEB, L.A. Metal-iduced lethality and mutagenesis - possible role of apurinic intermediates. Mutation research, v. 177, p. 179-188, 1987.
46. SCHOLZ, R.W., GRAHAM, K.S., WYNN, M.K. Interaction of glutathione and α- tocapherol in the inhibition of lipid peroxidation of rat liver microsomes. In: REDDY, C.C.; HAMILTON, G.A. Biological Oxidation Systems, v. 2. London.Ed. Madyastha, 1990.
47. SIES, H. Strategies Of Antioxidant Defense. European journal of biochemistry, v. 215, p. 213-219, 1993.
48. SINGH, J., BRIDGEWATER, L.C., PATIERNO, S.R. Differential sensitivity of chromium-mediated DNA interstrand crosslinks and DNA-protein crosslinks to disruption by alkali and EDTA. Toxicological sciences, v. 45, p. 72-76, 1998.
49. SNOW, E.T. Metal carcinogenesis: mechanistic implications. Pharmacology and therapeutics, v. 53, p. 31-65, 1992.
50. SNOW, E.T., XU, L. Chromium (III) bound to DNA templates promotes increased polymerase processivity and decreased fidelity during replication in vitro. Biochemistry, v. 30, p. 11238-11245, 1991.
51. STADTMAN, E.R. Oxidation of free amino acids and amino acid residues in proteins by radiolysis and by metal-catalysed reactions. Annual review of biochemistry, v. 62, p. 797-821, 1993.
52. STOHS, S.J., BAGCHI, D. Oxidative mechanisms in the toxicity of metal íons. Free radical biology and medicine, v. 18, p. 321-336, 1995.
53. SUGDEN, K.D., BURRIS, R.B., ROGERS, S.J. An oxygen dependence in chromium mutagenesis. Mutation research, v. 244, p. 239-244, 1990.
54. SUGIYAMA, M., TSUZUKI, K., HARAMAKI, N. DNA single-strand breaks and cytotoxicity induced by sodium chromate (VI). Mutation research, v. 369, p. 3-21, 1996.
55. SUNDERMAN JR, F.W. Recent advances in metal carcinogenesis. Annual clinic science, v. 14, p. 93-122, 1984.
56. 2+ on metallothionein content and metallothionein-mRNA contents of Xenopus embryos. Pharmacology and toxicology, v. 76, p. 178-184, 1995.
57. TKESHELASHVILI, L.K., SHEARMAN, C.W., ZAKOUR, R.A., KOPLITZ, R.M., LOEB, L.A. Effects of arsenic, selenium, and chromium on the fidelity of DNA-synthesis. Cancer research, v. 40, p. 2455-2460, 1980.
58. TSAPAKOS, M.J., WETTERHAHN, K.E. The interaction of chromium with nucleic-acids. Chemico-biological interactions, v. 46, p. 265-277, 1983.
59. VOITKUN, V., ZHITKOVICH, A., COSTA, M. Complexing of amino-acids to DNA by chromate in intact-cells. Environmental health perspectives, v. 102, p. 251-255, 1994.
60. VON BURG, R., LIU, D. Chromium and hexavalent chromium. Journal of applied toxicology, v. 13, p. 225-230, 1993.
61. WARREN, G., SCHULTZ, P., BANCROFT, D., BENNETT, K., ABBOTT, E.T., ROGER, S. Mutagenicity of a series of hexacoordinate chromium (III) compounds. Mutation research, v. 90, p. 111-118, 1981.
62. WISE, S.S., HOLMES, A.L., KETTERER, M.E., HARTSOCK, W.J., FOMCHENKO, E., KATSIFIS, S., THOMPSON, W.D., WISE, J.P. Chromium is the proximate clastogenic species for lead chromate-induced clastogenicity in human bronchial cells. Mutation Research, v. 560, p. 79-89, 2004.
63. WOLF, T., KASEMANN, R. Ottenwalder, H. Molecular interaction of different chromium species with nucleotides and nucleic-acids. Carcinogenesis, v. 10, p. 655-659, 1989.
64. WÜRGLER, F.E., KRAMERS, P.G. Environmental effects of genotoxins (eco-genotoxicology). Mutagenesis, v. 7, p. 321-327, 1992.
65. ZHITKOVICH, A., VOITKUN, V., COSTA, M. Formation of the amino acid-DNA complexes by hexavalent and trivalent chromium in vitro: Importance of trivalent chromium and the phosphate group. Biochemistry, v. 35, p. 7275-7282, 1996.