Hallucinogenic botanicals of America: A growing need for focused drug education and research

Life Sciences

Volumn 78, Issue 5, 2005, Pages 519-526

  Halpern, John H ^a   Sewell, R Andrew ^a  

^a MCLEAN HOSPITAL   (United States)

Author keywords

Atropine; Drug abuse; Hallucinogens; Kava lactones; Muscimol; Religion; Salvia divinorum

Indexed keywords

ALKALOID DERIVATIVE; ATROPINE; GLUTAMATE RECEPTOR AGONIST; IBOTINIC ACID; KAVA EXTRACT; LYSERGIC ACID; MESCALINE; MUSCIMOL; N,N DIMETHYLTRIPTAMINE; PSILOCIN; PSILOCYBINE; PSYCHEDELIC AGENT; SALVINORIN A; SCOPOLAMINE; TRYPTAMINE DERIVATIVE; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

CONFERENCE PAPER; DELUSION; DRUG ABUSE; DRUG EXCRETION; DRUG INFORMATION; DRUG INTOXICATION; DRUG MONITORING; DRUG RESEARCH; DRUG SURVEILLANCE PROGRAM; EDUCATION PROGRAM; EUPHORIA; EYE IRRITATION; HALLUCINATION; HEADACHE; HEALTH SURVEY; HUMAN; INFORMATION CENTER; INFORMATION DISSEMINATION; INFORMATION SERVICE; LIVER TOXICITY; NAUSEA AND VOMITING; SLURRED SPEECH; TRANQUILIZING ACTIVITY; UNCONSCIOUSNESS;

HALLUCINOGENS; HUMANS; PLANTS; RELIGION; SUBSTANCE-RELATED DISORDERS; UNITED STATES;

PIPER METHYSTICUM; SALVIA DIVINORUM;

EID: 27844545228     PISSN: 00243205     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2005.09.005     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (63)

1. S.E. Al-Assmar The seeds of the Hawaiian baby woodrose are a powerful hallucinogen Archives of Internal Medicine 159 17 1999 2090
2. Anonymous Epidemiologic notes and reports Jimson Weed poisoning-Texas, New York, and California, 1994 Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 44 3 1995 41 44
3. Anonymous Kava and severe liver injury FDA Consumer 36 3 2002 4
4. K.W. Arenson Drugs Cited as N.Y.U. Leap is Ruled Accident, not Suicide (12/10/03) 2003 The New York Times New York B9
5. D. Arora Mushrooms Demystified: A Comprehensive Guide to the Fleshy Fungi second ed. 1986 Ten Speed Press Berkeley, CA
6. P.M. Barnes, E. Powell-Griner, K. McFann, and R.L. Nahin Complementary and Alternative Medicine use Among Adults: United States, 2002 Advance Data from Vital and Health Statistics vol. 343 2004 National Center for Health Statistics Hyattsville, MD
7. C. Baxter, and M. Slaytor Biosynthesis and turnover of N,N-dimethyltryptamine and 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine in Phalaris tuberosa Phytochemistry 11 1972 2767 2773
8. A.R. Bilia, S. Gallon, and F.F. Vincieri Kava-kava and anxiety: growing knowledge about the efficacy and safety Life Sciences 70 22 2002 2581 2597
9. V.A. Boumba, A. Mitselou, and T. Vougiouklakis Fatal poisoning from ingestion of Datura stramonium seeds Veterinary and Human Toxicology 46 2 2004 81 82
10. E.W. Boyer, M. Shannon, and P.L. Hibberd Web sites with misinformation about illicit drugs New England Journal of Medicine 345 6 2001 469 471
11. E.W. Boyer, M. Shannon, and P.L. Hibberd The Internet and psychoactive substance use among innovative drug users Pediatrics 115 2 2005 302 305
12. J.H. Brown, and P. Taylor Muscarinic receptor agonists and antagonists J.G. Hardman L.E. Limbird A.G. Gilman Goodman and Gillman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics tenth ed. 2001 McGraw-Hill New York 155 174
13. D.E. Brush, S.B. Bird, and E.W. Boyer Monoamine oxidase inhibitor poisoning resulting from Internet misinformation on illicit substances Journal of Toxicology. Clinical Toxicology 42 2 2004 191 195
14. R. Bücheler, C.H. Gleiter, P. Schwoerer, and I. Gaertner Use of nonprescribed hallucinogenic plants: increasing relevance for public health? A case report and literature review on the consumption of Salvia divinorum (Diviner's Sage) Pharmacopsychiatry 38 1 2005 1 5
15. S. Cairney, P. Maruff, and A.R. Clough The neurobehavioural effects of kava Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 36 5 2002 657 662
16. C. Castaneda The Teachings of Don Juan: a Yaqui Way of Knowledge first ed. 1968 Ballantine Books New York
17. D.L. Clouatre Kava kava: examining new reports of toxicity Toxicology Letters 150 1 2004 85 96
18. D.M. Crosby, and J.L. McLaughlin Cactus alkaloids. XIX. Crystallization of mescaline HCl and 3-methoxytyramine HCl from Trichocereus pachanoi Lloydia 36 4 1973 416 418
19. M.D. de Rios, C.S. Grob, and J.R. Baker Hallucinogens and redemption Journal of Psychoactive Drugs 34 3 2002 239 248
20. D.M. Eisenberg, R.B. Davis, S.L. Ettner, S. Appel, S. Wilkey, M. Van Rompay, and R.C. Kessler Trends in alternative medicine use in the United States, 1990-1997: results of a follow-up national survey Journal of the American Medical Association 280 18 1998 1569 1575
21. D.G. Erwin Mother Wants Others to Heed Lesson of her Son's Drug Death (9/7/03) 2003 Sacramento Bee Sacramento, CA B1
22. R.S. Gable Comparison of acute lethal toxicity of commonly abused psychoactive substances Addiction 99 6 2004 686 696
23. L. Grinspoon, and J.B. Bakalar Psychedelic Drugs Reconsidered second ed. 1997 The Lindesmith Center New York
24. H. Grunze, J. Langosch, K. Schirrmacher, D. Bingmann, J. Von Wegerer, and J. Walden Kava pyrones exert effects on neuronal transmission and transmembraneous cation currents similar to established mood stabilizers-a review Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry 25 8 2001 1555 1570
25. J.H. Halpern Hallucinogens: an update Current Psychiatry Reports 5 5 2003 347 354
26. J.H. Halpern Hallucinogens and dissociative agents naturally growing in the United States Pharmacology and Therapeutics 102 2 2004 131 138
27. J.H. Halpern, and H.G. Pope Hallucinogens on the internet: a vast new source of underground drug information American Journal of Psychiatry 158 3 2001 481 483
28. H.J. Helmlin, and R. Brenneisen Determination of psychotropic phenylalkylamine derivatives in biological matrices by high-performance liquid chromatography with photodiode-array detection Journal of Chromatography 593 1-2 1992 87 94
29. L.D. Johnston, P.M. O'Malley, J.G. Bachman, and J.E. Schulenberg Monitoring the Future National Survey Results on Drug Use, 1975-2003. Volume II: College Students and Adults Ages 19-45 2004 National Institute on Drug Abuse Bethesda, MD
30. G.J. Kapadia, and M.B. Fayez The chemistry of peyote alkaloids Lloydia 36 1 1973 9 35
31. W.J. Litzinger Ceramic evidence for prehistoric Datura use in North America Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4 1 1981 57 74
32. W.J. Litzinger Yucateco and Lacandon Maya knowledge of Datura (Solanaceae) Journal of Ethnopharmacology 42 2 1994 133 134
33. J.P.G. Mack, D.P. Mulvena, and M. Slaytor N,N-Dimethyltryptamine production in Phalaris aquatica seedlings: a mathematical model for its synthesis Plant Physiology 88 2 1988 315 320
34. E.L. McCawley, R.E. Brumett, and G.W. Dana Convulsions from psilocybe mushroom poisoning Proceedings of the Western Pharmacology Society 5 1962 27 33
35. E. Mills, R. Singh, C. Ross, E. Ernst, and K. Wilson Impact of federal safety advisories on health food store advice Journal of General Internal Medicine 19 3 2004 269 272
36. C.A. Morris, and J. Avorn Internet marketing of herbal products Journal of the American Medical Association 290 11 2003 1505 1509
37. C. Naranjo Psychotropic properties of the harmala alkaloids D.H. Efron B. Holmstedt N.S. Kline Ethnopharmacologic Search for Psychoactive Drugs. U.S. Public Health Service Production # 1645 1979 385 391 Washington, DC
38. National Drug Intelligence Center Information bulletin: Salvia divinorum Microgram XXXVI 2003 122 125
39. R.J. Petroski, R.G. Powell, and K. Clay Alkaloids of Stipa robusta (sleepygrass) infected with an Acremonium endophyte Natural Toxins 1 2 1992 84 88
40. J. Riba, A. Rodriguez-Fornells, G. Urbano, A. Morte, R. Antonijoan, M. Montero, J.C. Callaway, and M.J. Barbanoj Subjective effects and tolerability of the South American psychoactive beverage ayahuasca in healthy volunteers Psychopharmacology (Berlin) 154 1 2001 85 95
41. B.L. Roth, K. Baner, R. Westkaemper, D. Siebert, K.C. Rice, S. Steinberg, P. Ernsberger, and R.B. Rothman Salvinorin A: a potent naturally occurring nonnitrogenous kappa opioid selective agonist Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 99 18 2002 11934 11939
42. P. Ruze Kava-induced dermopathy: a niacin deficiency? Lancet 335 8703 1990 1442 1445
43. C. Salliant Hallucinogen Use Takes a Toll (10/04/04) 2004 Los Angeles Times Los Angeles B1
44. R.E. Schultes, and A. Hofmann The Botany and Chemistry of Hallucinogens second ed. 1980 Charles C. Thomas Springfield, IL
45. R.E. Schultes, and A. Hofmann Plants of the Gods: Their Sacred, Healing and Hallucinogenic Powers first ed. 1992 Healing Arts Press Rochester, NY
46. A. Shulgin, and A. Shulgin TIKHAL: The Continuation first ed. 1997 Transform Press Berkeley, CA
47. D.J. Siebert Salvia divinorum and salvinorin A: new pharmacologic findings Journal of Ethnopharmacology 43 1 1994 53 56
48. D.J. Siebert Localization of salvinorin A and related compounds in glandular trichomes of the psychoactive sage, Salvia divinorum Annals of Botany (London) 93 6 2004 763 771
49. Y.N. Singh Kava: an overview Journal of Ethnopharmacology 37 1 1992 13 45
50. P. Stamets Psilocybin Mushrooms of the World: An Identification Guide first ed. 1996 Ten Speed Press Berkeley, CA
51. O. Stewart Peyote Religion: A History first ed. 1997 University of Oklahoma Press Tulsa, OK
52. F. Stickel, H.M. Baumuller, K. Seitz, D. Vasilakis, G. Seitz, H.K. Seitz, and D. Schuppan Hepatitis induced by kava (Piper methysticum rhizoma) Journal of Hepatology 39 1 2003 62 67
53. A.C. Thompson, G.F. Nicollier, and D.F. Pope Indolealkylamines of Desmanthus illinoensis and their growth inhibition activity Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 35 1987 361 365
54. J. Tinsley Nude Man Who Attacked Officer Ate Toxic Mushrooms (12/10/03) 2003 Plain Dealer Cleveland, OH B3
55. USDA The PLANTS Database (3.5) 2004 National Plant Data Center Baton Rouge, LA
56. L.J. Valdes, J. Diaz, and A. Paul Ethnopharmacology of Ska Maria Pastora (Salvia divinorum, Epling and Jativa-M.) Journal of Ethnopharmacology 7 1983 287 312
57. F.G. Waser The pharmacology of Amanita muscaria D.H. Efron B. Holmstedt N.S. Kline Ethnopharmacologic Search for Psychoactive Drugs. U.S. Public Health Service Production # 1645 1979 419 439 Washington, DC
58. R.G. Wasson The hallucinogenic fungi of Mexico: an inquiry into the origins of religious idea among primitive peoples Botanical Museum Leaflets of Harvard University 19 1961 137 162
59. R.G. Wasson Fly agaric and man D.H. Efron B. Holmstedt N.S. Kline Ethnopharmacologic Search for Psychoactive Drugs. U.S. Public Health Service Production # 1645 1979 405 414 Washington, DC
60. J.M. Weber, and T.S. Ma Microchemical investigations of medicinal plants. XIV. Identification of the alkaloids in the leaves of Ipomoea violacea using preparative thin layer chromatography and solid probe mass spectrometry Mikrochimica Acta 2-3 Part 1 1976 227 242
61. P.A. Whitton, A. Lau, A. Salisbury, J. Whitehouse, and C.S. Evans Kava lactones and the kava-kava controversy Phytochemistry 64 3 2003 673 679
62. N. Woitas Mushroom Juice Leaves Teen Critical (3/28/97) 1997 The Tampa Tribune Tampa, FL 1
63. D. Wright, and N. Sathe State Estimates of Substance Use from the 2002-2003 National Surveys on Drug Use and Health DHHS Publication No. SMA 05-3989, NSDUH Series H-26 2005 Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Office of Applied Studies Rockville, MD