Immigrant racialization and the new savage slot: Race, migration, and immigration in the new Europe

Annual Review of Anthropology

Volumn 34, Issue , 2005, Pages 363-384

  Silverstein, Paul A ^a  

^a REED COLLEGE   (United States)

Author keywords

Europe; Immigration; Migration; Race; Racialization

Indexed keywords

DIASPORA; IMMIGRANT POPULATION; POPULATION MIGRATION; RACE;

EID: 27844526184     PISSN: 00846570     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.1146/annurev.anthro.34.081804.120338     Document Type: Review

References (202)

1. Abou-Sada G, Millet H. 1986. Générations Issues de l'Immigration. Paris: Arcantère
2. Ahmed S, Castañeda C, Fortier A-M, Sheller M, eds. 2003. Uprootings/Regroundings: Questions of Home and Migration. Oxford: Berg
3. AlSayyad N, Castells M. 2002. Muslim Europe or Euro-Islam: Politics, Culture and Citizenship in the Age of Globalization. Lanham, MD: Lexington
4. Amselle J-L. 2003. Affirmative Exclusion: Cultural Pluralism and the Rule of Custom in France. Ithaca, NY: Cornell Univ. Press
5. Andall J, ed. 2003. Gender and Ethnicity in Contemporary Europe. Oxford: Berg
6. Appadurai A. 1996. Modernity at Large. Minneapolis, MN: Univ. Minnesota Press
7. Apter E. 1999. Uprooted subjects. In Continental Drift: From National Characters to Virtual Sujects, pp. 25-38. Chicago: Univ. Chicago Press
8. Argun BE. 2003. Turkey in Germany: The Transnational Sphere of Deutshkei. New York: Routledge
9. Asad T. 1993. Genealogies of Religion. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins Univ. Press
10. Axel B. 2001. The Nation's Tortured Body: Violence, Representation, and the Formation of a Sikh "Diaspora." Durham, NC: Duke Univ. Press
11. Badie B. 1995. La Fin des Territoires. Paris: Fayard
12. Badie B, Wihtol de Wenden C. 1994. Le Défi Migratoire: Questions des Relations Internationales. Paris: Fondation Natl. Sci. Polit.
13. Balibar E. 1991. Is there a'neo-racism'? See Balibar & Wallerstein 1991, pp. 17-28. New York: Verso
14. Balibar E, Wallerstein I. 1991. Race, Nation, Class: Ambiguous Identities. New York: Verso
15. Banton M. 1996. The cultural determinants of xenophobia. Anthropol. Today 12(2):8-12
16. Barker M. 1981. The New Racism. London: Junction
17. Barrett J, Roediger D. 1997. In between peoples: race, nationality, and the "new immigrant" working class. J. Am. Ethn. Hist. 16(3):3-44
18. Bauböck R, ed. From Aliens to Citizens: Redefining the Status of Immigrants in Europe. Aldershot, UK: Avebury
19. Baumann G. 1996. Contesting Culture: Discourses of Identity in Multi-Ethnic London. New York: Cambridge Univ. Press
20. Beriss D. 2004. Black Skins, French Voices: Caribbean Ethnicity and Activism in Urban France. Boulder, CO: Westview
21. Birks JS, Sinclair CA. 1979. The international migration project: an enquiry into the Middle East labour market. Int. Migration Rev. 13(1):122-35
22. Boas F. 1912. Changes in bodily form of the descendents of immigrants. Abstr. Rep. Immigr. Comm. 2:505
23. Bodnar J. 1985. The Transplanted. Bloomington, IN: Indiana Univ. Press
24. Böhning WR. 1976. Migration for employment project. Basic aspects of migration from poor to rich countries: facts, problems, policies. World Employ. Programme Res. Work. Pap., Int. Labor Off., Geneva, Switz.
25. Borneman J, Fowler N. 1997. Europeanization. Annu. Rev. Anthropol. 26:487-514
26. Boulot S, Boyzon-Fradet D. 1988. Les Immigrés et l'École: Une Course d'Obstacles. Paris: CIEMI/Harmattan
27. Bourdieu P. 1963. Etude sociologique. In Travail et Travailleurs en Algérie, ed. A Darbel, J-P Rivet, C Seibel, P Bourdieu, pp. 253-562. Paris: Mouton
28. Bourdieu P, Sayad A. 1964. Le Déracinement. Paris: Minuit
29. Bourdieu P, Accardo A. 1999. The Weight of the World: Social Suffering in Contemporary Society. Stanford, CA: Stanford Univ. Press
30. Bowen JR. 2004. Does French Islam have borders: dilemmas of domestication in a global religious field. Am. Anthropol. 106(1):43-55
31. Brettell C. 2003. Anthropology and Migration: Essays on Transnationalism, Ethnicity, and Identity. Walnut Creek, CA: Altamira
32. Brodkin K. 1998. How Jews Became White Folks, and What That Says About Race in America. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers Univ. Press
33. Brubaker R, ed. 1989. Immigration and the Politics of Citizenship in Europe and North America. Lanham, MD: Univ. Press Am.
34. Brubaker R. 1992. Citizenship and Nationhood in France and Germany. Cambridge, MA: Harvard Univ. Press
35. Burgess E. 1967 [1925]. The growth of the city. See Park et al. 1967, pp. 47-62
36. Carter DM. 1997. States of Grace: Senegalese in Italy and the New European Immigration. Minneapolis, MN: Univ. Minnesota Press
37. Castles S, Kosack G. 1973. Immigrant Workers and Class Structure in Western Europe. London: Oxford Univ. Press
38. Castles S, Booth H, Wallace T. 1984. Here For Good: Western Europe's New Ethnic Minorities. London: Pluto
39. Catani M. 1986. Le transnational et les migrations: individualisation et interaction entre systèmes de valeurs. Peuples Méditerr. 35-36:149-64
40. Cesari J. 1998. Musulmans et Républicains: Les Jeunes, l'Islam, et la France. Brussels: Complexe
41. Cesari J. 2004. When Islam and Democracy Meet: Muslims in Europe and the United States. New York: Palgrave
42. Ceuppens B, Geschiere P. 2005. Autochthony: local or global? New modes in the struggle over citizenship and belonging in Africa and Europe. Annu. Rev. Anthropol. 34:385-407
43. Clark JR. 1977. Turkish Cologne: the mental maps of migrant workers in a Turkish city. Michigan Geographical Publication, 19. Department of Geography, Univ. Michigan
44. Cohen R. 1987. The New Helots: Migrants in the International Division of Labor. Aldershot, UK: Grower
45. Cohen A. 1993. Masquerade Politics: Explorations in the Structure of Urban Cultural Movements. Berkeley: Univ. Calif. Press
46. Cole J. 1997. The New Racism in Europe. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge Univ. Press
47. Comaroff J, Comaroff JL. 1999. Alien-nation: zombies, immigrants, and millenial capitalism. Am. Bar Found. Work. Pap. 9901, Chicago
48. Comaroff JL, Comaroff J. 1992. The madman and the migrant. In Ethnography and the Historical Imagination, pp. 155-78. Boulder, CO: Westview
49. Costa-Lascoux J. 1989. De l'Immigré au Citoyen. Paris: Doc. Francçaise
50. Derderian R. 2004. North Africans in Contemporary France: Becoming Visible. New York: Palgrave Macmillan
51. De Genova N. 2001. Migrant "illegality" and deportability in everyday life. Annu. Rev. Anthropol. 31:419-47
52. De Tocqueville A. 1841. Travail sur l'Algérie. See Todorov 1988, pp. 57-150
53. De Tocqueville A. 1847. Rapport sur l'Algérie (1847). See Todorov 1988, pp. 151-80
54. D'Héristal C. 1932. L'Invasion des Barbares. Considerations Intempestives sur la France de 1930. Strasbourg: Heitz
55. Diouf SA. 2002. Invisible muslims: the Sahelians in France. See Haddad & Smith 2002, pp. 145-60
56. Dixon RB, Halphen L, Ferenczi I. 1933. Migrations. In Enyclopaedia of the Social Sciences, ed. E Seligman, pp. 420-41. New York: Macmillan
57. Dominguez VR. 1986. White by Definition: Social Classification in Creole Louisiana. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers Univ. Press
58. Dominguez VR. 1994. A taste for "the other": intellectual complicity in racializing practices. Curr. Anthropol. 35(4):333-48
59. Douglass W. 1998. Restless continent: migration and the configuration of Europe. In Europe and the Anthropological Imagination, ed. S. Parman, pp. 94-106. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice-Hall
60. Dubet F, Lapeyronnie D. 1992. Les Quartiers d'Exil. Paris: Seuil
61. Dubois WEB. 1989 [1903]. The Souls of Black Folk. New York: Penguin
62. Fikes K. 2000. Santiaguense Cape Verdean women in Portugal: labor rights, citizenship and diasporic transformations. PhD thesis. Univ. Calif., Los Angeles
63. Gallissot R. 1985. Misère de l'Antiracisme. Racisme et Identité Nationale: Le Défi de l'Immigration. Paris: Arcantère
64. Gans H. 1962. The Urban Village: Group and Class in the Life of Italian-Americans. New York: Free
65. Gaspard F, Servan-Schreiber C. 1984. La Fin des Immigrés. Paris: Seuil
66. Gillette A, Sayad A. 1984. L'Immigration Algérienne en France. Paris: Entente
67. Gilroy P. 1987. 'There Ain't No Black in the Union Jack': The Cultural Politics of Race and Nation. Chicago: Univ. Chicago Press
68. Gilroy P. 1990. The end of anti-racism. New Community 17(1):71-83
69. Glazer N, Moynihan DP. 1963. Beyond the Melting Pot: The Negroes, Puerto Ricans, Jews, Italians, and Irish of New York City. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press
70. Glick Schiller N. 1999. Transmigrants and nation-states: something old, something new in the U.S. immigrant experience. In Handbook of International Migration: The American Experience, ed. C Hirschman, P Kasinitz, J DeWind, pp. 94-119. New York: Sage
71. Glick Schiller N, Basch L, Szanton Blanc C, eds. 1992. Towards a Transnational Perspective on Migration: Race, Class, Ethnicity, and Nationalism Reconsidered. New York: NY Acad. Sci.
72. Glick Schiller N, Fouron GE. 2001. Georges Woke up Laughing: Long-Distance Nationalism and the Search for Home. Durham, NC: Duke Univ. Press
73. Grillo RD. 1985. Ideologies and Institutions in Urban France: The Representation of Immigrants. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge Univ. Press
74. Grillo RD. 2003. Cultural essentialism and cultural anxiety. Anthropol. Theory 3(2):157-73
75. Gross J, McMurray D, Swedenburg T. 1994. Arab noise and Ramadan nights: rap, rai, and Franco-Maghrebi identity. Diaspora 3(1):3-39
76. Guilhaume J-F. 1992. Les Mythes Fondateurs de l'Algérie Française. Paris: Harmattan
77. Habermas J. 1992. Citizenship and national identity: some reflections on the future of Europe. Praxis Int. 12(1):1-19
78. Haddad YY, Smith JH, eds. 2002. Muslim Minorities in the West: Visible and Invisible. Walnut Creek, CA: Altamira
79. Hage G. 2000. White Nation: Fantasies of White Supremacy in a Multicultural Society. New York: Routledge
80. Hall K. 2002. Lives in Translation: Sikh Youth as British Citizens. Philadelphia: Univ. Pennsylvania Press
81. Hamilton KA, ed. 1994. Migration and the New Europe. Washington, DC: Cent. Strateg. Int. Studies
82. Hammar T, ed. 1985. European Immigration Policy: A Comparative Study. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge Univ. Press
83. Hammar T. 1990. Democracy and the Nation State. Brookfield, VT: Grower
84. Hannerz U. 1987. The world in creolisation. Africa 57:546-59
85. Hansen R, Weil P, eds. 2001. Towards a European Nationality: Citizenship, Immigration and Nationality Law in the EU. Basingstoke: Palgrave
86. Hargreaves A. 1995. Immigration, 'Race' and Ethnicity in Contemporary France. London: Routledge
87. Hargreaves A, McKinney M, eds. 1997. Post-Colonial Cultures in France. London: Routledge
88. Harrison FV. 1995. The persistent power of "race" in the cultural and political economy of racism. Annu. Rev. Anthropol. 24:41-74
89. Holmes DR. 2000. Integral Europe: Fast-Capitalism, Multiculturalism, Neofascism. Princeton, NJ: Princeton Univ. Press
90. Hubac P. 1948. Les Nomades. Paris: Daubin
91. Huntington S. 1993. The clash of civilizations. Foreign Aff. 72(3):22-28
92. Int. Labor Organ. 1988. Agenda for Policy: Asian Migration Project. Bangkok: ILO
93. Jacobson MF. 1998. Whiteness of a Different Color: European Immigrants and the Alchemy of Race. Cambridge, MA: Harvard Univ. Press
94. Jacques A. 1985. Les Déracinés. Refugiés et Migrants dans le Monde. Paris: Découverte
95. Kastoryano R. 1994. Mobilisations des migrants en Europe: du national au transnational. Rev. Eur. Migr. Int. 10(1):169-80
96. Kastoryano R. 2002. Negotiating Identities: States and Immigrants in France and Germany. Princeton: Princeton Univ. Press
97. Kearney M. 1986. From the invisible hand to the visible feet: anthropological studies of migration and development. Annu. Rev. Anthropol. 15:331-61
98. Kearney M. 1995. The local and the global: the anthropology of globalization and transnationalism. Annu. Rev. Anthropol. 24:547-65
99. Keller SL. 1975. Uprooting and Social Change: The Role of Refugees in Development. Delhi: Manshar
100. Kepel G. 1991. Les Banlieues de l'Islam. Paris: Seuil
101. Kepel G. 1997. Allah in the West: Islamic Movements in Europe and America. Stanford, CA: Stanford Univ. Press
102. Kettane N. 1986. Droit de Réponse à la Démocratie Française. Paris: Découverte
103. King R, ed. 1993. The New Geography of European Migrations. London: Belhaven
104. Kristeva J. 1993. Nations Without Nationalism. New York: Columbia Univ. Press
105. Kritz MM, Lim LL, Zlotnik H, eds. 1992. International Migration Systems: A Global Approach. Oxford: Clarendon
106. Kubat D, Hoffmann-Nowotony H-J. 1981. Migrations: vets un nouveau paradigme. Rev. Int. Sci. Soc. 33(2):335-359
107. Lamchichi A. 1999. Islam et Musulmans de France. Pluralisme, Laïcité, Citoyennité. Paris: Harmattan
108. Lamont M, ed. 1999. The Cultural Territories of Race: Black and White Boundaries. Chicago: Univ. Chicago Press
109. Lamont M. 2000. The Dignity of Working Men: Morality and the Boundaries of Race, Class, and Immigration. Cambridge, MA: Harvard Univ. Press
110. Lebovics H. 2004. Bringing the Empire Back Home: France in the Global Age. Durham, NC: Duke Univ. Press
111. Lemon A. 2000. Between Two Fires: Gypsy Performance and Romani Memory from Pushkin to Post-Socialism. Durham, NC: Duke Univ. Press
112. Leveau R, Mohsen-Finan K, Wihtol de Wenden C, eds. 2002. New European Identity and Citizenship. Aldershot, UK: Ashgate
113. Lewis B. 1990. The roots of Muslim rage. Atl. Mon. 266(3):47-60
114. Lewis B. 1994. Legal and historical reflection on the position of Muslim populations under non-Muslim rule. See Lewis & Schnapper 1994, pp. 1-18
115. Lewis B, Schnapper D, eds. 1994. Muslims in Europe. London: Pinter
116. Linke U. 1999. German Bodies: Race and Representation After Hitler. New York: Routledge
117. Lorcin PME. 1995. Imperial Identities: Stereotyping, Prejudice and Race in Colonial Algeria. London: Tauris
118. Lowe L. 1996. Immigrant Acts: On Asian American Cultural Politics. Durham, NC: Duke Univ. Press
119. MacGaffey J, Bazenguissa-Ganga R. 2000. Congo-Paris: Transnational Traders on the Margins of the Law. Oxford, UK: Currey
120. MacMaster N. 1993. Patterns of emigration, 1905-1954: "Kabyles" and "Arabs". In French and Algerian Identities from Colonial Times to the Present, ed. A Hargreaves, MJ Hefferman, pp. 20-38. Lewiston, NY: Mellen
121. MacMaster N. 1997. Colonial Migrants and Racism: Algerians in France, 1900-1962. New York: St. Martin's
122. Malkki L. 1992. National geographic: the rooting of peoples and the territorialization of national identity among scholars and refugees. Cult. Anthropol. 7(1):24-44
123. Mandel R. 1996. A place of their own: contesting spaces and defining places in Berlin's migrant community. See Metcalf 1996, pp. 147-66
124. Martial R. 1933. L'Immigration et l'Avenir de la France. Paris: Mercure France
125. Mauco G. 1933. Les étrangers en France. Rev. Paris 40(4):834-56
126. McMurray DA. 1997. La France arabe. See Hargreaves & McKinney 1997, pp. 26-39
127. Meillassoux C. 1981. Maidens, Meals, and Money. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge Univ. Press
128. Metcalf B, ed. 1996. Making Muslim Space in North America and Europe. Berkeley: Univ. California Press
129. Miles R. 1989. Racism. London: Routledge
130. Morgan LH. 1877. Ancient Society. New York: Henry Holt
131. Nann RC. 1982. Uprooting and Surviving: Adaptation and Resettlement of Migrant Females and Children. Dordecht: Reidel
132. Nielsen J. 1995. Muslims in Western Europe. Edinburgh: Edinburgh Univ. Press
133. Nielsen J. 1999. Towards a European Islam. New York: St. Martin's
134. Nikolinakos M. 1974. Per una theoria generale della migrazione nel tardo capitalismo. Ponte 11-12:1399-415
135. Noiriel G. 1996. The French Melting Pot: Immigration, Citizenship, and National Identity. Minneapolis, MN: Univ. Minn. Press
136. Nonneman G, Niblock T, Szajkowski B, eds. Muslim Communities in the New Europe. Reading, UK: Ithaca
137. Ogan C. 2001. Communication and Identity in the Diaspora: Turkish Migrants in Amsterdam and Their Use of Media. Lanham, MD: Lexington Books
138. Omi M, Winant H. 1994. Racial Formation in the United States: From the 1960s to the 1990s. New York: Routledge
139. Ong A. 1996. Cultural citizenship as subject-making: immigrants negotiate racial and cultural boundaries in the United States. Curr. Anthropol. 37(5):737-51
140. Palumbo-Liu D. 1999. Asian/American: Historical Crossings of a Racial Frontier. Stanford, CA: Stanford Univ. Press
141. Park R. 1928. Human migration and the marginal man. Am. J. Soc. 33(6):881-93
142. Park R. 1967 [1925]. The city: suggestions for the investigation of human behavior in the urban environment. See Park et al. 1967, pp. 1-46
143. Park R, Burgess E, McKenzie R, eds. 1967 [1925]. The City. Chicago, IL: Univ. Chicago Press
144. Park R, Burgess E. 1921. Introduction to the Science of Sociology. Chicago: Univ. Chicago Press
145. Pennix R, Kraal K, Martinello M, Vertovec S, eds. 2004. Citizenship in European Cities: Immigrants, Local Politics and Integration Policies. Aldershot, UK: Ashgate
146. Peterson W, Brinley T. 1968. Migration. In International Encyclopaedia of the Social Sciences, ed. D Sills, pp. 286-300. New York: Macmillan
147. Piore MJ. 1979. Birds of Passage: Migrant Labor and Industrial Societies. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge Univ. Press
148. Portes A, Fernandez-Kelly MP. 1989. Images of movement in a changing world: a review of current theories of international migration. Int. Rev. Comp. Public Policy 1:15-33
149. Prashad V. 2000. The Karma of Brown Folk. Minneapolis, MN: Univ. Minnesota Press
150. Rampton B. 1995. Crossing: Language and Ethnicity among Adolescents. New York: Longman
151. Ravenstein EG. 1885. The laws of migration. J. Stat. Soc. London. 48(2):167-235
152. Redfield R, Linton R, Herskovits M. 1936. Memorandum for the study of acculturation. Am. Anthropol. 38(1):149-152
153. Rex J, Joly D, Wilpert C, eds. 1987. Immigrant Associations in Europe. Aldershot, UK: Gower
154. Rey P-P. 1975. The lineage mode of production. Crit. Anthropol. 1(3):27-79
155. Roediger D. 1991. The Wages of Whiteness: Race and the Making of the American Working Class. London: Verso
156. Rogers R. 1985. Guests Come to Stay: The Effects of European Labor Migration on Sending and Receiving Countries. Boulder, CO: Westview
157. Roy O. 2004. Globalized Islam: The Search for a New Ummah. New York: Columbia Univ. Press
158. Saxton A. 1990. The Rise and Fall of the White Republic: Class Politics and Mass Culture in Nineteenth Century America. London: Verso
159. Sayad A. 1977. Les trois "ages" de l'émigration algérienne en France. Actes Rech. Sci. Soc. 13:59-79
160. Sayad A. 1991. L'Immigration ou les Paradoxes de l'Alterité. Brussels: De Boeck
161. Sayad A. 1994. Aux origines de l'émigration kabyle ou montagnarde. Hommes Migr. 1179:6-11
162. Serageldin I, Socknat J, Birks S, Li B, Sinclair C. 1983. Manpower and International Labor Migration in the Middle East and North Africa. Oxford, UK: World Bank/Oxford Univ. Press
163. Schnapper D. 1990. La France de l'Intégration: Sociologie de la Nation en 1990. Paris: Gallimard
164. Schnapper D. 1992. L'Europe des Immigrés: Essai sur les Politiques d'Immigration. Paris: Editions F. Bourin
165. Segal DA. 1991. 'The European': allegories of racial purity. Anthropol. Today 7(5):7-9
166. Shukla S. 2003. India Abroad: Diasporic Cultures of Postwar America and England. Princeton, NJ: Princeton Univ. Press
167. Silverman M. 1992. Deconstructing the Nation: Immigration, Racism, and Citizenship in Modern France. London: Routledge
168. Silverstein PA. 2000. Sporting faith: Islam, soccer, and the French nation-state. Soc. Text 18(4):25-53
169. Silverstein PA. 2004. Algeria in France: Transpolitics, Race, and Nation. Bloomington: Indiana Univ. Press
170. Simmel G. 1950 [1908]. The stranger. In The Sociology of Georg Simmel. Transl. K Wolff, pp. 402-8. New York: Free
171. Smith AL, ed. 2003. Europe's Invisible Migrants. Amsterdam: Amsterdam Univ. Press
172. Sniderman PM, Peri P, de Figueiredo RJP, Piazza T. 2000. The Outsider: Prejudice and Politics in Italy. Princeton, NJ: Princeton Univ. Press
173. Soysal YN. 1994. Limits of Citizenship: Migrants and Postnational Membership in Europe. Chicago: Univ. Chicago Press
174. Stolcke V. 1995. Talking culture: new boundaries, new rhetorics of exclusion in Europe. Curr. Anthropol. 36(1):1-24
175. Stoler AL. 1995. Race and the Education of Desire: Foucault's History of Sexuality and the Colonial Order of Things. Durham, NC: Duke Univ. Press
176. Suárez-Navaz L. 2004. Rebordering the Mediterranean: Boundaries and Citizenship in Southern Europe. New York: Berghahn
177. Système d'Observation Permanente des Migrations. 1992. Tendances des migrations internationales. Paris: Organ. Econ. Coop. Dev.
178. Taguieff P-A. 1990. The new cultural racism in France. Telos 83:109-22
179. Taguieff P-A. 1991. Face au Racisme. Paris: La Découverte
180. Talha L. 1989. Le Salariat Immigré Devant la Crise. Paris: CNRS
181. Thesiger W. 1959. Le Désert des Déserts. Paris: Plon
182. Ticktin M. 2002. Between justice and compassion: les sans papiers and the political economy of health, human rights, and humanitarianism in France. PhD thesis, Stanford Univ., Stanford, CA
183. Todorov T. 1988. De la Colonie en Algérie. Brussels: Complexe
184. Todorov T. 1993. On Human Diversity: Nationalism, Racism, and Exoticism in French Thought. Cambridge, MA: Harvard Univ. Press
185. Triandafyllidou A. 2001. Immigrants and National Identity in Europe. London: Routledge
186. Trouillot M-R. 1991. Anthropology and the savage slot: the poetics and politics of otherness. In Recapturing Anthropology: Working in the Present, ed. RG Fox, pp. 17-44. Santa Fe, NM: School Am. Res. Press
187. Turner T. 1995. Comment on Verena Stolcke, "Talking culture: new boundaries, new rhetorics of exclusion in Europe." Curr. Anthropol. 36(1):16-18
188. Vertovec S, Rogers A, eds. 1998. Muslim European Youth: Reproducing Ethnicity, Religion, Culture. Aldershot, UK: Ashgate
189. Wacquant L. 2005. Urban Outcasts. Cambridge, UK: Polity
190. Weber E. 1976. Peasants into Frenchmen: The Modernization of Rural France, 1870-1914. Stanford, CA: Stanford Univ. Press
191. Werbner P. 1996. Stamping the earth with the name of Allah: zikr and the sacralizing of space among British Muslims. Cult. Anthropol. 11(3):309-38
192. Werbner P. 2002. Imagined Diasporas Among Manchester Muslims: The Public Performance of Transnational Pakistani Identity Politics. Santa Fe, NM: School Am. Res. Press
193. Werbner P. 2005. Islamophobia. Anthropol. Today 21(1):5-9
194. Werbner P, Modood T, eds. 1997. Debating Cultural Identity: Multi-cultural Identities and the Politics of Anti-Racism. London: Zed
195. White J. 1997. Turks in the new Germany. Am. Anthropol. 99(4):754-68
196. Wieviorka M. 1995. The Arena of Racism. London: Sage
197. Wihtol de Wenden C. 1991. North African immigration and the French political imaginary. In Race, Discourse and Power in France, ed. M Silverman, pp. 98-110. Brookfield, MA: Avebury
198. Wikan U. 2002. Generous Betrayal: Politics of Culture in the New Europe. Chicago: Univ. Chicago Press
199. Winant H. 2004. The New Politics of Race: Globalism, Difference, Justice. Minneapolis, MN: Univ. Minn. Press
200. Wodak R, Reisigl M. 1999. Discourse and racism: European perspectives. Annu. Rev. Anthropol. 28:175-99
201. Zehraoui A. 1994. L'Immigration: De l'Homme Seul à la Famille. Paris: CIEMI/Harmattan
202. Zwingmann C, Pfister-Ammende M. 1973. Uprooting and After. New York: Springer Verlag