Androgynous rex - The utility of chevrons for determining the sex of crocodilians and non-avian dinosaurs

Zoology

Volumn 108, Issue 4, 2005, Pages 277-286

  Erickson, Gregory M ^a   Lappin, A Kristopher ^b   Larson, Peter ^c  

^a FLORIDA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b NORTHERN ARIZONA UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^c Black Hills Museum of Natural History   (United States)

Author keywords

Crocodylia; Dinosauria; Individual variation; Sexual dimorphism; Tyrannosauridae

Indexed keywords

ALLIGATOR; ALLIGATOR MISSISSIPPIENSIS; AVES; CROCODYLIDAE (ALL CROCODILES); DINOSAURIA; REPTILIA; THEROPODA; TYRANNOSAURIDAE; TYRANNOSAURUS REX;

EID: 27744591504     PISSN: 09442006     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.zool.2005.08.001     Document Type: Article

References (38)

1. Achenbach, J., 2003. Dinosaurs come alive. National Geographic, March, pp. 2-33.
2. Adler, J., 2005. Buried treasure. Newsweek, June 27, pp. 44-52.
3. J. Allstead, and J.W. Lang Sexual dimorphism in the genital morphology of young American alligators, Alligator mississippiensis Herpetologica 51 1995 314 325
4. P.J. Brazaitis The determination of sex in living crocodilians Br. J. Herpetol. 4 1968 54 58
5. C.A. Brochu Osteology of Tyrannosaurus rex: insights from a nearly complete skeleton and high-resolution computed tomographic analysis of the skull Soc. Vert. Paleo. Mem. 7 2003 1 138
6. B. Brown, and E.M. Schlaikjer A study of the troodont dinosaurs with the description of a new genus and four new species Am. Mus. Novit. 1169 1943 1 15
7. K. Carpenter Variation in Tyrannosaurus rex K. Carpenter P.J. Currie Dinosaur Systematics: Approaches and Perspectives 1990 Cambridge University Press Cambridge 141 145
8. R.B. Chaisson Laboratory Anatomy of the Alligator 1962 WC Brown Dubuque
9. R.E. Chapman Shape analysis in the study of dinosaur morphology K. Carpenter P.J. Currie Dinosaur Systematics: Approaches and Perspectives 1990 Cambridge University Press Cambridge 21 42
10. A. Chinsamy Physiological implications of the bone histology of Syntarsus rhodesiensis (Saurischia, Theropoda) Palaeont. Afr. 27 1990 77 82
11. E.H. Colbert The Triassic dinosaur Coelophysis. Museum of Northern Arizona Bulletin 57 1989 Museum of Northern Arizona Flagstaff
12. P.J. Currie Cranial anatomy of tyrannosaurid dinosaurs from the Late Cretaceous of Alberta, Canada Acta Palaeontol. Pol. 48 2003 191 226
13. P. Dodson Taxonomic implications of relative growth in Lambeosaurine hadrosaurs Syst. Zool. 24 1975 37 54
14. P. Dodson Quantitative aspects of relative growth and sexual dimorphism in Protoceratops J. Paleontol. 50 1976 929 940
15. M.W.J. Ferguson The reproductive biology and embryology of the crocodilians C. Gans F.S. Billet Biology of the Reptilia: Development vol. 12 1981 Academic Press New York 329 498
16. Gosline, A., 2005. Reanimators. New Scientist, May 21, pp. 47-51.
17. R. Gradzinski Sedimentation of dinosaur-bearing Upper Cretaceous deposits of the Nemegt Basin, Gobi Desert Palaeontol. Pol. 21 1970 147 229
18. T.R. Holtz Jr. Tyrannosauroidea D.B. Weishampel P. Dodson H. Osmolska The Dinosauria second ed 2004 University of California Press Berkeley 111 150
19. J.R. Horner, and D. Lessem The Complete T. rex 1993 Simon and Schuster New York
20. K.V. Kardong, and E.J. Zalisko Comparative Vertebrate Anatomy: A Laboratory Dissection Guide third ed 2002 McGraw-Hill Boston
21. L.M. Lambe The Cretaceous theropodus dinosaur Gorgosaurus Mem. Geol. Surv. Can. 100 1917 1 84
22. J.W. Lang, and H.V. Andrews Temperature-dependent sex determination in crocodilians J. Exp. Zool. 270 1994 28 44
23. P.L. Larson Tyrannosaurus sex G.D. Rosenberg D.L. Wolberg Dino Fest. The Paleontological Society Special Publication 7 1994 The Paleontological Society Knoxville 139 155
24. P.L. Larson The theropod reproductive system Gaia 15 1998 389 397
25. P.L. Larson Rex Appeal 2002 Invisible Cities Press Montpelier
26. P.L. Larson, and E. Frey Sexual dimorphism in the abundant Upper Cretaceous theropod, Tyrannosaurus rex J. Vert. Paleo. 12 1992 38A
27. T.M. Lehman The ceratopsian subfamily Chasmosaurinae: sexual dimorphism and systematics K. Carpenter P.J. Currie Dinosaur Systematics: Approaches and Perspectives 1990 Cambridge University Press Cambridge 211 229
28. W.D. Matthew, and B. Brown Preliminary notices of skeletons and skulls of deinodontidae from the Cretaceous of Alberta Am. Mus. Nov. 89 1923 1 9
29. Powell, J.S., 2000. Sexual dimorphism in archosaurs: a phylogenetic, morphological, and morphometric approach. Ph.D. Dissertation, George Washington University, Washington, DC.
30. M.A. Raath Morphological variation in small theropods and its meaning in systematics: evidence from Syntarsus rhodesiensis K. Carpenter P.J. Currie Dinosaur Systematics: Approaches and Perspectives 1990 Cambridge University Press Cambridge 91 105
31. A.M. Reese The Alligator and its Allies 1915 Knickerbocker New York
32. A.S. Romer Osteology of the Reptiles 1956 University of Chicago Chicago
33. T. Sato, Y. Cheng, X. Wu, D.K. Zelenitzky, and Y. Hsiao A pair of shelled eggs inside a female dinosaur Science 308 2005 375
34. M.H. Schweitzer, J.L. Wittmeyer, and J.R. Horner Gender-specific reproductive tissue in ratites and Tyrannosaurus rex Science 308 2005 1456 1460
35. R.A. Thulborn A new heterodontosaurid dinosaur (Reptilia: Ornithischia) from the Upper Triassic red beds of Lesotho Zool. J. Linn. Soc. Lond. 55 1974 151 175
36. M.H. Wake Integrative biology as a framework for education and training Biol. Int. 39 2000 14 18
37. D.B. Weishampel, and R.E. Chapman Morphometric study of Plateosaurus from Trossingen (Baden-Württemberg, Federal Republic of Germany) K. Carpenter P.J. Currie Dinosaur Systematics: Approaches and Perspectives 1990 Cambridge University Press Cambridge 43 51
38. L.M. Witmer The extant phylogenetic bracket and the importance of reconstructing the soft parts of fossils J.J. Thomason Functional Morphology in Vertebrate Paleontology 1994 Cambridge University Press Cambridge 9 33