Electrical stimulation superimposed onto voluntary muscular contraction

Sports Medicine

Volumn 35, Issue 11, 2005, Pages 951-966

  Paillard, Thierry ^a,c   Noé, Frédéric ^a   Passelergue, Philippe ^a   Dupui, Philippe ^b  

^a UNIVERSITÉ DE PAU ET DES PAYS DE L'ADOUR   (France)

^b UNIVERSITÉ PAUL SABATIER   (France)

^c Laboratoire d'Analyse de la Performance Sportive   (France)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADAPTATION; COGNITION; ELECTRIC CURRENT; ELECTROSTIMULATION; EXERCISE; EXHAUSTION; FATIGUE; HUMAN; MOTOR CONTROL; MOTOR UNIT; MUSCLE CONTRACTILITY; MUSCLE CONTRACTION; MUSCLE INNERVATION; MUSCLE TWITCH; MUSCLE WEAKNESS; NEUROMUSCULAR FUNCTION; OVEREXERTION; PARAMETER; PHYSIOLOGY; REVIEW; SEX DIFFERENCE; THEORETICAL MODEL; TRAINING; VOLUNTARY MOVEMENT;

ADAPTATION, PHYSIOLOGICAL; ELECTRIC STIMULATION; FATIGUE; HUMANS; MUSCLE CONTRACTION; MUSCLE, SKELETAL;

EID: 27744537285     PISSN: 01121642     EISSN: 01121642     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2165/00007256-200535110-00003     Document Type: Review

References (92)

1. Henneman E, Somjen G, Carpenter DO. Functional significance of cell size in spinal motoneurons. J Neurophysiol 1965; 28: 560-80
2. Solomonow M. External control of the neuromuscular system. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 1984; 31: 752-63
3. Lexell J, Henriksson-Larsen K, Sjöstrom M. Distribution of different fibre types in human skeletal muscles - 2: a study of cross-sections of whole m. vastus lateralis. Acta Physiol Scand 1983; 117: 115-22
4. Garnett R, Stephens JA. Changes in the recruitment threshold of motor units produced by cutaneous stimulation in man. J Physiol 1981; 311: 463-73
5. Clamann H, Gillies J, Skinner R, et al. Quantitative measures of output of a motoneuron pool during monosynaptic reflexes. J Neurophysiol 1974; 37: 1328-37
6. Knaflitz M, Merletti R, De Luca CJ. Inference of motor unit recruitment order in voluntary and electrically elicited contractions. J Appl Physiol 1990; 68: 1657-567
7. Thomas CK, Nelson G, Than L, et al. Motor unit activation order during electrically evoked contractions of paralyzed or partially paralyzed muscles. Muscle Nerve 2002; 25: 797-804
8. Feiereisen P, Duchateau J, Hainaut K. Motor unit recruitment order during voluntary and electrically induced contractions in the tibialis anterior. Exp Brain Res 1997; 114: 117-23
9. Hainaut K, Duchateau J. Neuromuscular electrical stimulation and voluntary exercise. Sports Med 1992; 14: 100-13
10. Edwards RHT, Young A, Hosking GP, et al. Human skeletal muscle function: description of tests and normal values. Clin Sci Mol Med 1977; 52: 283-90
11. Trimble MH, Enoka RM. Mechanisms underlying the training effects associated with neuromuscular electrical stimulation. Phys Ther 1991; 71: 273-80
12. Miller C, Thépaut-Mathieu C. Strength training by electrostimulation conditions for efficacy. Int J Sports Med 1993; 14: 20-8
13. Melzack R, Wall PD. Pain mechanisms: a new theory. Science 1965; 150: 971-9
14. Denny-Brown D. On inhibition as a reflex accompaniment of the tendon jerk and of other forms of active muscular response. Proc R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 1928; 103: 321-36
15. Merton PA. Voluntary strength and fatigue. J Physiol 1954; 123: 553-64
16. Allen GM, Gandevia SC, McKenzie DK. Reliability of measurements of muscle strength and voluntary activation using witch interpolation. Muscle Nerve 1995; 18: 593-600
17. Yue GH, Ranganathan VK, Siemionow V, et al. Evidence of inability to fully activate human limb muscle. Muscle Nerve 2000; 23: 376-84
18. Behm DG, Whittle J, Button D, et al. Intermuscle differences in activation. Muscle Nerve 2002; 25: 236-43
19. Bellemare F, Woods JJ, Johansson R, et al. Motor-unit discharge rates in maximal voluntary contractions of three human muscles. J Neurophysiol 1983; 50: 1380-92
20. Rutherford OM, Jones DA, Newham DJ. Clinical and experimental application of the percutaneous twitch superimposition technique for the study of human muscle activation. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1986; 49: 1288-91
21. Gandevia SC, Herbert RD, Leeper JB. Voluntary activation of human elbow flexor muscles during maximal concentric contractions. J Physiol 1998; 512: 595-602
22. Shield A, Zhou S. Assessing voluntary muscle activation with the twitch interpolation technique. Sports Med 2004; 34: 253-67
23. Kramer JF, Lindsay D, Magee D, et al. Comparison of voluntary and electrical stimulation contraction torque. J Orthop Sports Ther 1984; 5: 324-31
24. Strojnik V. The effects of superimposed electrical stimulation of the quadriceps muscles on performance in different motor tasks. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 1998; 38: 194-200
25. Bigland-Ritchie B, Jones DA, Hosking GP, et al. Central and peripheral fatigue in sustained maximum voluntary contractions of human quadriceps muscle. Clin Sci Mol Med 1978; 54: 609-14
26. Lepers S, Millet G, Maffiuletti N. Effect of cycling cadence on contractile and neural properties of knee extensors. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2001; 33: 1882-8
27. Belanger AY, McComas AJ. Extent of motor unit activation during effort. J Appl Physiol 1981; 51: 1131-5
28. Walmsley RP, Letts G, Vooys J. A comparison of torque generated by knee extension with a maximal voluntary muscle contraction vis-a-vis electrical stimulation. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 1984; 6: 10-7
29. Hales JP, Gandevia SC. Assessment of maximal voluntary contraction with twitch interpolation: an instrument to measure twitch responses. J Neurosci Methods 1988; 25: 97-102
30. Kramer JF. Effect of electrical stimulation current frequencies on isometric knee extension torque. Phys Ther 1987; 67: 31-8
31. Lociero D. The effect of electrical stimulation on isometric and isokinetic knee extension torque: interaction of the kinestim electrical stimulator and the Cybex II®. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 1991; 13: 143-8
32. Hortobägyi T, Lambert NJ, Tracy C, et al. Voluntary and electromyostimulation forces in trained and untrained men. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1992; 24: 702-7
33. Poumarat G, Squire P, Lawani M. Effect of electrical stimulation superimposed with isokinetic contractions. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 1992; 32: 227-33
34. Strojnik V. Muscle activation level during maximal voluntary effort. Eur J Appl Physiol 1995; 72: 144-9
35. Chapman SJ, Edwards RHT, Greig C, et al. Practical application of the twitch interpolation technique for the study of voluntary contraction of the quadriceps muscle in man [abstract]. J Physiol 1984; 353: 3P
36. Bigland-Ritchie B, Furbush F, Woods JJ. Fatigue of intermittent submaximal voluntary contractions: central and peripheral factors. J Appl Physiol 1986; 61: 421-9
37. Gandevia SC, McKenzie DK. Activation of human muscles at short muscle lengths during maximal static efforts. J Physiol 1988; 407: 599-623
38. Dowling JJ, Konert E, Ljucovic P, et al. Are humans able to voluntary elicit maximum muscle force? Neurosci Lett 1994; 179: 25-8
39. Norregaard J, Lykkegaard JJ, Bulow PM, et al. The twitch interpolation technique for the estimation of true quadriceps muscle strength. Clin Physiol 1997; 17: 523-32
40. Stackhouse SK, Dean JC, Lee SC, et al. Measurement of central activation failure of the quadriceps femoris in healthy adults. Muscle Nerve 2000; 23: 1706-12
41. Jacobsen S, Wildschiodtz G, Danneskiold-Samsoe B. Isokinetic and isometric muscle strength combined with transcutaneous electrical muscle stimulation in primary fibromyalgia syndrome. J Rheumatol 1991; 18: 1390-3
42. Stevens JE, Mizner RL, Snyder-Mackler L. Quadriceps strength and volitional activation before and after total knee arthroplasty for osteoarthritis. J Orthop Res 2003; 21: 775-9
43. Mizner RL, Stevens JE, Snyder-Mackler L. Voluntary activation and decreased force production of the quadriceps femoris muscle after total knee arthroplasty. Phys Ther 2003; 83: 359-65
44. Koutedakis Y, Frischknecht R, Budgett R, et al. Impaired voluntary force production of quadriceps muscle in overtrained subjects. J Physiol 1993; 459: 151
45. Koutedakis Y, Frischknecht R, Vrbova G, et al. Maximal voluntary quadriceps strength patterns in Olympic overtrained athletes. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1995; 27: 566-72
46. Thomas CK, Woods JJ, Bigland-Ritchie B. Impulse propagation and muscle activation in long maximal voluntary contractions. J Appl Physiol 1989; 67: 1835-42
47. McKenzie DK, Gandevia SC. Recovery from fatigue of human diaphragm and limb muscles. Respir Physiol 1991; 84: 49-60
48. Gandevia SC. Spinal and supraspinal factors in human muscle fatigue. Physiol Rev 2001; 81: 1725-89
49. Michaut A, Pousson M, Millet G, et al. Maximal voluntary eccentric, isometric and concentric torque recovery following a concentric isokinetic exercise. Int J Sports Med 2003; 24: 51-6
50. Bentley DJ, Smith PA, Zhou S. Muscle activation of the knee extensors following high intensity endurance exercise in cyclists. Eur J Appl Physiol 2000; 81: 297-302
51. Millet GY, Lepers R, Maffiuletti NA, et al. Alteration of neuro-muscular function after an ultramarathon. J Appl Physiol 2002; 92: 486-92
52. Avela J, Kyröläinen JA, Komi PV. Neuromuscular fatigue: effects of mechanical and combined mechanical and electrical stimulation of the triceps surae muscle [abstract]. Scand J Med Sci Sports 1998; 8: 314
53. Mohr T, Danzl L, Akers TK, et al. The effect of high volt galvanic stimulation on quadriceps femoris muscle torque. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 1986; 7: 314-8
54. De Serres SJ, Enoka RM. Older adults can maximally activate the biceps brachii muscle by voluntary command. J Appl Physiol 1998; 84: 284-91
55. Vandervoort AA, McComas AJ. Contractile changes in opposing muscles of the human ankle joint with aging. J Appl Physiol 1986; 61: 361-7
56. Kent-Braun JA, Le Blanc R. Quantification of central activation failure during maximal voluntary contractions in humans. Muscle Nerve 1996; 19: 861-9
57. Miller M, Downham D, Lexell J. Superimposed single impulse and pulse train electrical stimulation: a quantitative assessment during submaximal isometric knee extension in young, healthy men. Muscle Nerve 1999; 22: 1038-46
58. Miller M, Downham D, Lexell J. Effects of superimposed electrical stimulation on perceived discomfort and torque increment size and variability. Muscle Nerve 2003; 27: 90-8
59. Enoka RM, Fuglevand AJ. Motor unit physiology: some unresolved issues. Muscle Nerve 2001; 24 (1): 4-17
60. Stackhouse SK, Stevens JE, Lee SC, et al. Maximum voluntary activation in nonfatigued and fatigued muscle in young and elderly individuals. Phys Ther 2001; 81 (5): 1102-9
61. Behm D, Power K, Drinkwater E. Comparison of interpolation and central activation ratios as measures of muscle inactivation. Muscle Nerve 2001; 24 (7): 925-34
62. Westing SH, Seger JY, Thorstensson A. Effects of electrical stimulation on eccentric and concentric torque-velocity relationships during knee extension in man. Acta Physiol Scand 1990; 140: 17-22
63. Vanneuville G, Guillot M, Poumarat G, et al. Contrôle postural et force musculaire. Kinesither Sci 1994; 339: 6-13
64. Lawani M, Poumarat G. Contrôle postural et stimulation électrique. Sci Mot 1994; 22: 3-8
65. Amiridis IG, Martin A, Morlon B, et al. Co-activation and tension-regulation phenomena during isokinetic knee extension in sedentary and highly skilled humans. Eur J Appl Physiol 1996; 73: 149-56
66. Jones DA, Bigland-Ritchie B, Edwards RHT. Excitation frequency and muscle fatigue: mechanical responses during voluntary and stimulated contractions. Exp Neurol 1979; 64: 401-13
67. Delitto A, McKowen JM, McCarthy JA, et al. Electrically elicited co-contraction of thigh musculature after anterior cruciate ligament surgery: a description and single-case experiment. Phys Ther 1988; 68: 45-50
68. Allen GM, McKenzie DK, Gandevia SC. Twitch interpolation of the elbow flexor muscles at high forces. Muscle Nerve 1998; 21: 316-28
69. Jacobi JM, Rice CL. Voluntary muscle activation varies with age and muscle group. J Appl Physiol 2002; 93: 457-62
70. Hakkinen K, Pastinen UM, Karsikas R, et al. Neuromuscular performance in voluntary bilateral and unilateral contraction and during electrical stimulation in men at different ages. Eur J Appl Physiol 1995; 70: 518-27
71. Kent-Braun JA, Ng AV. Specific strength and voluntary muscle activation in young and elderly women and men. J Appl Physiol 1999; 87: 22-9
72. Yue GH, Ranganathan VK, Siemionow V, et al. Older adults exhibit a reduced ability to fully activate their biceps brachii muscle. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 1999; 54: 249-53
73. Wolf S, Ariel GB, Saar D, et al. The effect of muscle stimulation during resistive training on performance parameters. Am J Sports Med 1986; 14: 18-23
74. Paillard T. Comparaison de différentes méthodes d'exercice musculaire dans le cadre de la prévention des effets du vieillissement chez la femme [dissertation]. Rennes: University of Rennes, 2001: 261
75. Willoughby DS, Simpson S. The effects of combined electro-myostimulation and dynamic muscular contractions on the strength of college basketball players. J Strength Cond Res 1996; 10: 40-4
76. Valli P, Boldrini L, Bianchedi D, et al. Effects of low intensity electrical stimulation on quadriceps muscle voluntary maximal strength. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 2002; 42: 425-30
77. Paillard T, Lafont C, Soulat JM, et al. Neuromuscular effects of three training methods in ageing women. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 2004; 44: 87-91
78. Van Gheluwe C, Duchateau J. Effets de la superposition de l' électrostimulation à l'activité volontaire au cours d'un renforcement musculaire en mode isocinétique. Ann Kinesither 1997; 24: 267-74
79. Currier D, Lehman J, Lightfoot P. Electrical stimulation in exercise of the quadriceps femoris muscle. Phys Ther 1979; 59: 1508-12
80. Currier D, Mann R. Muscular strength development by electrical stimulation healthy individuals. Phys Ther 1983; 63: 915-21
81. Hartsell HD. Electrical muscle stimulation and isometric exercise effects on selected quadriceps parameters. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 1986; 8: 203-9
82. Nobbs LA, Rhodes EC. The effects of electrical stimulation and isokinetic exercise on muscular power of the quadriceps femoris. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 1986; 8: 260-8
83. Arcuset D. Comparaison de deux méthodes de renforcement musculaire: contraction volontaire seule et associée à l'électrostimulation [dissertation]. Toulouse: University of Toulouse, 1994: 105
84. Paillard T, Lafont C, Costes-Salon MC, et al. Comparison between three strength development methods on body composition in healthy elderly women. J Nutr Health Aging 2003; 7: 117-9
85. Lorentzon R, Elmqvist LG, Sjostrom M, et al. Thigh musculature in relation to chronic anterior cruciate ligament tear: muscle size, morphology, and mechanical output before reconstruction. Am J Sports Med 1989; 17: 423-9
86. Snyder-Mackler L, Ladin Z, Schepsis AA, et al. Electrical stimulation of the thigh muscles after reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament. J Bone Joint Surg 1991; 73: 1025-36
87. Goubel F, Lensel-Corbeil G. Biomécanique, éléments de mécanique musculaire. Paris: Masson, 1998
88. Caiozzo VJ, Perrine JJ, Edgerton VR. Training-induced alterations of the in vivo force-velocity relationship of human muscle. J Appl Physiol 1981; 51: 750-4
89. Urbach D, Nebelung W, Becker R, et al. Effects of reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament on voluntary activation of quadriceps femoris a prospective twitch interpolation study. J Bone Joint Surg Br 2001; 83: 1104-10
90. Drapper V, Ballard L. Electrical stimulation versus electromyographic biofeedback in the recovery of quadriceps femoris muscle function following anterior cruciate ligament surgery. Phys Ther 1991; 71: 455-61
91. Williams JGP, Street M. Sequential faradism in quadriceps rehabilitation. Physiotherapy 1976; 62: 252-4
92. Arvidsson I, Arvidsson H, Eriksson E, et al. Prevention of quadriceps wasting after immobilization: an evaluation of the effect of electrical stimulation. Orthopedics 1986; 9: 1519-28