A novel architecture for multilane-free-flow electronic-toll-collection systems in the millimeter-wave range

IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems

Volumn 6, Issue 3, 2005, Pages 294-301

  Shieh, Wern Yarng ^a   Lee, Wei Hsun ^b,c   Tung, Shen Lung ^b,d   Ho, Chung Ding ^b,d  

^a ST JOHN'S UNIVERSITY   (Taiwan)

^b Research Institute of Chunghwa Telecom   (Taiwan)

^c NATIONAL CHIAO TUNG UNIVERSITY   (Taiwan)

^d ITS ^*  (Taiwan)

Author keywords

Electronic toll collection (ETC); Intelligent transportation system (ITS); Millimeter wave; Multilane free flow; Short range communication

Indexed keywords

ELECTRONIC-TOLL-COLLECTION (ETC) SYSTEMS; INTELLIGENT TRANSPORT SYSTEM (ITS); MULTILANE FREE FLOW; SHORT-RANGE COMMUNICATION;

COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE; DOPPLER EFFECT; MILLIMETER WAVES; MULTIPLEXING; RADAR; TRACKING (POSITION);

DATA COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS;

EID: 27744534473     PISSN: 15249050     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1109/TITS.2005.853708     Document Type: Article

References (17)

1. C. M. Walker and W. K. Brockelsby, "Automatic Vehicle Identification (AVI) technology design considerations for highway applications," in Proc. 41st IEEE Vehicular Technology Conf., Gateway to the Future Technology in Motion, St. Louis, MO, May 19-22, 1991, pp. 805-811.
2. M. A. S. Mustafa, M. Pitsiava-Latinopoulou, and G. A. Giannopoulos, "The multilane electronic toll collection system in Thessaloniki: Evaluation of its first 6 months of operation," in Proc. IEEE Vehicle Navigation and Information Systems Conf., Yokohama, Japan, Aug. 31-Sep. 2, 1994, pp. 699-703.
3. D.-W. Lim and J.-S. Jun, "Free-flow multi-lane ETC system using real-time individual vehicle tracking," in Proc. 5th Asia-Pacific Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) Forum, Seoul, Korea, Jul. 2-5, 2002, pp. TS1-TS3.
4. H. Hashimoto, H. Ohno, M. Konishi, K. Morishita, and K. Sugimoto, "Multi-lane electronic road pricing system in Singapore," Mitsubishi Juko Giho, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd., vol. 36, no. 1, pp. 36-45, 1999.
5. W.-H. Lee, B.-S. Jeng, S.-S. Tseng, and C.-H. Wang, "Electronic toll collection based on vehicle-positioning system techniques," in Proc. IEEE Int. Conf. Networking, Sensing, and Control, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C., Mar. 21-23, 2004, pp. 643-648.
6. D. M. Grimes and T. O. Jones, "Automotive radar: A brief review," Proc. IEEE, vol. 62, no. 6, pp. 804-822, Jun. 1974.
7. M. E. Russell, A. Crain, A. Curran, R. A. Campbell, C. A. Drubin, and W. F. Miccioli, "Millimeter-wave radar sensor for automotive intelligent cruise control (ICC)," IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech., vol. 45, no. 12, pp. 2444-2453, Dec.1997.
8. M. E. Russell, C. A. Drubin, A. S. Marinilli, W. G. Woodington, and M. J. Del Checcolo, "Integrated automotive sensors," IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech., vol. 50, no. 3, pp. 674-677, Mar. 2002.
9. H. Taub and D. L. Schilling, Principles of Communication Systems, 2nd ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1987, ch. 3.
10. B. Edde, Radar-Principles, Technology, Applications. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1993.
11. M. I. Skolnik, Introduction to Radar Systems, 2nd ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1980.
12. C. E. Cook, "Pulse compression - Key to more efficient radar transmission," Proc. IRE, vol. 48, no. 3, pp. 310-316, Mar. 1960.
13. J. D. Kraus, Antennas, 2nd ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1988, ch. 3.
14. W.-Y. Shieh, "The analysis of single-lane OBU and RTU optmum setup configuration in automatic electronic-toll-collection systems," Inner Report of Research Institute of Chunghwa Telecom, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C., 89-EC-023, Nov. 2000.
15. _, "The comparison of the efficacy of two-piece and single-piece RTU LED-module on the down-link data transmission in our ETC system," Inner Report of Research Institute of Chunghwa Telecom, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C., 90-EC-001, Jan. 2001.
16. R. S. Elliott, An Introduction to Guided Waves and Microwave Circuits. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1993, ch. 10.
17. R. E. Collin, Foundations for Microwave Engineering, 2nd ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1992, ch. 6.