Biological control of wheat stem sawflies: Past and future

Journal of Agricultural and Urban Entomology

Volumn 21, Issue 4, 2004, Pages 197-221

  Shanower, Thomas G ^a   Hoelmer, Kim A ^a,b  

^a AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE   (United States)

^b USDA ARS   (United States)

Author keywords

Biological control; Cephus cinctus; Cephus pygmaeus; Collyria spp.; Parasitoids; Trachelus tabidus

Indexed keywords

CEPHIDAE; CEPHOIDEA; CEPHUS CINCTUS; CEPHUS PYGMAEUS; COLLYRIA; COLLYRIA COXATOR; HYMENOPTERA; TRACHELUS; TRITICUM AESTIVUM;

EID: 27644585978     PISSN: 15235475     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Review

References (90)

1. Ainslie, C. N. 1920. The western grass-stem sawfly. USDA Bulletin 841: 1-27.
2. Ainslie, C. N. 1929. The western grass-stem sawfly, a pest of small grains. USDA Tech. Bull. 157: 1-24.
3. Altinayar, G. 1975. Studies on the distribution, bio-ecology, crop losses and control methods of the stem sawflies (Cephus pygmaeus (L.)) and (Trachelus tabidus (F.)) (Hym.: Cephidae) in grain crops in Konya Province, Turkey. Arastirma Eserleri Serisi. 36: 135 pp. [Turkish; English abstract]
4. Alvarado, M., A. Serrano, A. de la Rosa & J. M. Duran. 1992. Contribution to the knowledge of the cephids (Hymenoptera; Cephidae) on winter cereals of Western Andalucia. Bol. Sanid. Veg., Plagas 18: 807-816. [Spanish; English abstract]
5. Banitǎ, E. & C. Popov. 1976. The wheat stem fly (Cephus pygmaeus Latr.) Ecological aspects of the population and economic importance from 1973 to 1976. Probleme de Protectia Plantelor. 3: 377-387. [Romanian; English abstract]
6. Banitǎ, E. & X. S. Palade. 1980. Study of the populations of Cephus pygmaeus Latr. And Trachelus tabidus L. (Cephidae - Hym.) Parasitic on wheat in central Oltenia. Probleme de Protectia Plantelor. 8: 341-347. [Romanian; English abstract]
7. Banitǎ, E., C. Popov, F. Ionescu, E. Luca, M. Voicu, D. Cojocaru, G. Paunescu & F. Vilau. 1994. Contributions to the study of the main elements of integrated control of wheat stem sawflies Cephus pygmaeus Latr. and Trachelus tabidus L. Probleme de Protectia Plantelor. 22: 71-91. [Romanian; English abstract]
8. Banitǎ, E., C. Popov, E. Luca, D. Cojocaru, G. Paunescu & F. Vilau. 1992. Elements of integrated control of wheat stem sawflies (Cephus pygmaeus Latr. and Trachelus tabidus L.). Probleme de Protectia Plantelor. 20: 169-185. [Romanian; English abstract]
9. Beirne, B. P. 1972. The biological control attempt against the European wheat stem sawfly, Cephus pygmaeus (Hymenoptera: Cephidae), in Ontario. Can. Entomol. 104: 987-990.
10. Benson, R. B. 1968. Classification of the Cephidae (Hymenoptera: Symphyta). Trans. Royal Entomol. Soc. (London) 96: 89-108.
11. Berzonsky, W. A., H. Ding, S. D. Haley, M. O. Harris, R. J. Lamb, R. I. H. McKenzie, H. W. Ohm, F. L. Patterson, F. B. Peairs, D. R. Porter, R. H. Ratcliffe & T. G. Shanower. 2003. Breeding wheat for resistance to insects. Plant Breed. Rev. 22: 222-296.
12. Borodin, D. 1915. Cephus pygmaeus L., on the western experimental field of the agricultural experiment station of Stavropol, Caucasus. Husbandry, Kiev 33-36: 876-883.
13. (Abstract in Rev. Appl. Entomol. (A.) 4: 21-22.
14. Chevin, H. 1977. Le cèphe du blé, Cephus pygmaeus (L.) en Charente-Maritime. Défense des Végétaux 31(183): 39-46.
15. CIE (Commonwealth Institute of Entomology). 1979. Cephus pygmaeus (L.). (Hymenoptera, Cephidae, European Wheat Stem sawfly). Commonwealth Institute of Entomology, Distribution Maps of Pests, Series A (Agricultural), Map No. 29, Revised December 1979.
16. Comstock, J. H. 1889. A saw-fly borer in wheat, Cephus pygmaeus, Order Hymenoptera; Family Tenthredinidae. New York (Cornell). Agric. Exper. Sta. Bull. 11: 127-142.
17. Criddle, N. 1922. The western wheat stem sawfly and its control. Canadian Dept. Agric. Pamphlet 6. 8 pp.
18. Criddle, N. 1924. Two problems in natural control. Ontario Entomol. Soc. Ann. Rep. 33: 16-18.
19. Davis, E. G., C. Benton & H. W. Somsen. 1955. Natural enemies of the wheat stem sawfly in North Dakota and Montana. North Dakota Agric. Exper. Station Bimonthly Bull. 18: 63-65.
20. Davis, E. G. 1959. An experiment with foreign parasites to control the wheat stem sawfly. USDA/ARS Entomology Research Division. Cereal and Forage Insects Section, Special report. W-104: 1-4.
21. El-Bouhssini, M., S. Lhaloui, J. Hatchett, D. Mulitze & K. Starks. 1987. Preliminary evaluation of sawfly damage to small grains in Morocco. Rachis: Barley and Wheat Newsl. 6(2): 29-31.
22. EPL. (European Parasite Laboratory). 1952-54. United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Administration, Bureau of Entomology and Plant Quarantine. Quarterly Reports, 1952-1954; Annual Report, 1954.
23. Filipy, F. L., P. P. Burbutis & R. W. Fuester. 1985. Biological control of the European wheat stem sawfly in Delaware (Hymenoptera: Cephidae). Environ. Entomol. 14: 665-668.
24. Gahan, A. B. 1918. Description of a new Hymenopterous parasite (Braconidae). Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. 20: 18-19.
25. Gahan, A. B. 1920. Black grain-stem sawfly of Europe in the United States. USDA Bulletin 834: 1-18.
26. Gahan, A. B. 1921. Remarks on the genus Pleurotropis with description of a parasite of Trachelus tabidus Fabricius. (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea). Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. 23: 113-120.
27. Golebiowska, Z. 1955. The injuriousness of the wheat stem sawfly (Cephus pygmaeus L.). Rev. Appl. Entomol. 44: 134. (Series A)
28. Golberg, A. 1986. Biology of the stem sawflies Trachelus tabidus and Cephus pygmaeus in the Negev of southern Israel. Entomol. Exp. Appl. 40: 117-121.
29. Harrington, W. H. 1890. The corn saw-fly. Can. Entomol. 22: 40.
30. Hauser, J. S. 1935. The black grain sawfly Trachelus tabidus (Fab.) in Ohio. J. Econ. Entomol. 28: 457-458.
31. Hayat, M. A., J. M. Martin, S. P. Lanning, C. F. McQuire & L. E. Talbert. 1995. Variation for stem solidness and its association with agronomic traits in spring wheat. Can. J. Plant Sci. 75: 775-780.
32. Hill, C. C. & H. D. Smith. 1931. Heterospilus cephi Rohwer, a parasite of the European wheat stem sawfly, Cephus pygmaeus (L.). J. Agric. Res. 43: 597-609.
33. Holmes, N. D. 1953. Note on Scambus detritus (Holmg.) (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae), a new parasite of the wheat stem sawfly, Cephus cinctus Nort. Can. Entomol. 85: 339.
34. Holmes, N. D. 1977. The effect of the wheat stem sawfly, Cephus cinctus (Hymenoptera: Cephidae), on the yield and quality of wheat. Can. Entomol. 109: 1591-1598.
35. Holmes, N. D. 1984. The effect of light on the resistance of hard red spring wheats to the wheat stem sawfly, Cephus cinctus Nort. (Hymenoptera: Cephidae). Can. Entomol. 116: 677-684.
36. Holmes, N. D., W. A. Nelson, L. K. Peterson & C. W. Farstad. 1963. Causes of variation in effectiveness of Bracon cephi (Gahan) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) as a parasite of the wheat stem sawfly. Can. Entomol. 95: 113-126.
37. Holmes, N. D. & L. K. Peterson. 1961. Resistance of spring wheats to the wheat stem sawfly, Cephus cinctus Nort. (Hymenoptera: Cephidae) I. Resistance to the egg. Can. Entomol. 93: 250-260.
38. Holmes, N. D. & L. K. Peterson. 1962. Resistance of spring wheats to the wheat stem sawfly, Cephus cinctus Nort. (Hymenoptera: Cephidae) II. Resistance to the larva. Can. Entomol. 94: 348-365.
39. Ivie, M. A. 2001. On the geographic origin of the wheat stem sawfly (Hymenoptera: Cephidae): A new hypothesis of introduction from northeast Asia. Amer. Entomol. 47(2): 84-97.
40. Ivie, M. A. & A. G. Zinovjev. 1996. Discovery of the wheat stem sawfly (Cephus cinctus Norton) (Hymenoptera: Cephidae) in Asia, with the proposal of a new synonymy. Can. Entomol. 128: 347-348.
41. Kontev, Kh. 1969. Entomophaga on Cephus pygmaeus L. under conditions prevailing in Dobroudja. Probl. Selek. Agrotekh, Mekata Zimna Pshenitsa [Problems of breeding and agrotechnics of soft winter wheat]. Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Proceedings of Conference, Dec. 1967, Wheat and Sunflower Instit., General Toshevo, Bulgaria. pp. 373-384. [Russian, English summary].
42. MacLeod, J. H., B. M. McGugan & H. C. Coppel. 1962. A review of the biological control attempts against insects and weeds in Canada. Commonwealth Institute Biological Control. Tech. Comm. 2: 1-29.
43. McNeal, F. H., M. A. Berg & P. Luginbill Jr. 1955. Wheat stem sawfly damage in four spring wheat varieties as influenced by date of seeding. Agron. J. 47: 522-525.
44. Miller, R. 1991. Insect pests of wheat and barley in West Asia and North Africa. Technical Bulletin 9. International Centre for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), Aleppo, Syria. pp. 136.
45. Miller, R. H., S. El Masri & K. Al Jundi. 1992. Incidence of wheat stem sawflies and their natural enemies on wheat and barley in Syria. Arab J. Plant Prot. 10(1): 30-35.
46. Morrill, W. L. 1995. Insect pests of small grains. APS Press, St. Paul, Minnesota. pp. 140.
47. Morrill, W. L., J. W. Gabor & D. Wichman. 1993. Mortality of the wheat stem sawfly (Hymenoptera: Cephidae) at low temperatures. Environ. Entomol. 22: 1358-1361.
48. Morrill, W. L., G. D. Kushnak & J. W. Gabor. 1998. Parasitism of the wheat stem sawfly (Hymenoptera: Cephidae) in Montana. Biol. Control 12: 159-163.
49. Morrill, W. L., D. K. Weaver, N. J. Irish & W. F. Barr. 2001. Phyllobaenus dubius (Wolcott) (Coleoptera: Cleridae), a new record of a predator of the wheat stem sawfly (Hymenoptera: Cephidae). J. Kans. Entomol. Soc. 74(3): 181-183.
50. Muesebeck, C. F. W. 1953. Three new reared Braconidae (Hymenoptera). Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. 55: 149-151.
51. Neilson, C. L. 1949. Biology and seasonal history of Pleurotropis utahensis Crawford, a parasite of the wheat stem sawfly. Can. Entomol. 81: 174-180.
52. Nelson, W. A. 1953. Observations on hyperparasitism of the wheat stem sawfly Cephus cinctus Nort. (Hymenoptera: Cephidae). Can. Entomol. 85: 249-251.
53. Nelson, W. A. & C. W. Farstad. 1953. Biology of Bracon cephi (Gahan) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), an important native parasite of the wheat stem sawfly, Cephus cinctus Nort. (Hymenoptera: Cephidae), in western Canada. Can. Entomol. 85: 103-107.
54. Noyes, J. S. 1998. Catalogue of the chalcidoidea of the world. CD-ROM ETI/The Natural History Museum. Springer-Verlag, New York.
55. Peck, O. 1963. A catalogue of the Nearctic Chalcidoidea (Insect: Hymenoptera). Can. Entomol. Supplement 30: 5-1092.
56. Peck, O. 1985. The taxonomy of the Nearctic species of Pediobius (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), especially Canadian and Alaskan forms. Can. Entomol. 117: 647-704.
57. Platt, A. W. 1941. The influence of some environmental factors on the expression of the solid stem character in certain wheat varieties. Scientific Agric. 22: 139-151.
58. Platt, A. W. & C. W. Farstad. 1946. The reaction of wheat varieties to wheat stem sawfly attack. Scientific Agric. 26: 231-247.
59. Ries, D. T. 1926. A biological study of Cephus pygmaeus (Linnaeus), the wheat-stem sawfly. J. Agric. Res. 32: 277-295.
60. Rohwer, S. A. 1925. Five braconid parasites of the genus Heterospilus. Washington Acad. Sci. J. 15: 177-182.
61. Runyon, J. B., R. L. Hurley, W. L. Morrill & D. K. Weaver. 2001. Distinguishing adults of Bracon cephi and Bracon lissogaster (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), parasitoids of the wheat stem sawfly (Hymenoptera: Cephidae). Can. Entomol. 133: 215-217.
62. Runyon, J. B., W. L. Morrill, D. K. Weaver & P. R. Miller. 2002. Parasitism of the wheat stem sawfly (Hymenoptera: Cephidae) by Bracon cephi and B. lissogaster (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) in wheat fields bordering tilled and untilled fallow in Montana. J. Econ. Entomol. 95(6): 1130-1134.
63. Salt, G. 1931. Parasites of the wheat stem sawfly, Cephus pygmaeus Linnaeus, in England. Bull. Entomol. Res. 22: 479-545.
64. Seamans, H. L. 1929. Experiments on the control of the wheat stem sawfly by parasites. Ontario Entomol. Soc. Ann. Rep. 60: 65-67.
65. Shchegolev, V. 1930. Grain sawflies (Biology, ecology, and control). Moscow. pp. 120.
66. (Abstract in Rev. Appl. Entomol. (A.) 19: 22-23).
67. Smith, C. W. 1931. Colonization in Canada of Collyria calcitrator (Hym. Ichn.), a parasite of the wheat stem sawfly. Bull. Entomol. Res. 22: 547-550.
68. Smith, D. R. 1979. Superfamily Cephoidea. pp. 133-137 in Krombein, K. V., P. D. Hurd, D. R. Smith & B. D. Burks, eds. Catalog of Hymenoptera in America north of Mexico. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D.C.
69. Smith, D. R. 1982. List of symphyta (Hymenoptera) of Israel, with description of four new species. Israel J. Entomol. 16: 1-25.
70. Smith, D. R. 1993. Systematics, life history, and distribution of sawflies. pp. 3-32 in Wagner, M.R. and K.K. Raffa, eds. Sawfly life history adaptations to woody plants. Academic Press. pp. 581.
71. Smith, R. W. 1948. Collyria calcitrator Grav., an important parasite of Cephus pygmaeus L. in Europe, established in Ontario. Entomol. Soc. Ontario. Annual Report 78: 39-44.
72. Smith, R. W. 1959. Status in Ontario of Collyria calcitrator (Grav.) (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) and of Pediobius beneficus (Gahan) (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) as parasites of the European wheat stem sawfly Cephus pygmaeus (L.) (Hymenoptera: Cephidae). Can. Entomol. 91: 697-700.
73. Smith, R. W. 1961. Notes on parasites of the wheat stem sawfly, Cephus pygmaeus (L.) (Hymenoptera: Cehpidae) from Continental Europe. Can. Entomol. 93: 714-717.
74. Somsen, B. W. & P. Luginbill Jr. 1956. Bracon lissogaster Mues., a parasite of the wheat stem sawfly. USDA Tech. Bull. 1153. pp. 7.
75. Streams, F. A. & L. W. Coles. 1965. Wheat stem sawfly parasites, Collyria calcitrator and Pediobius nigritarsis, in eastern United States. J. Econ. Entomol. 58: 303-306.
76. Stroganova, V. K. 1976. New and little-known species of the family Cephidae (Hymenoptera) in the fauna of West Siberia. Novosti Pauny Sibiri., A. I. Cherepanov, ed. p. 168-174.
77. Tobias, V. I. & A. G. Zinovjev. 1994. Family Cephidae - stem sawflies. Pp. 377-387, in: Keys to insects of the European Part of the USSR. Volume III. Hymenoptera, Part VI. Symphyta. G. S. Medvedev, ed.-in-chief. E. J. Brill, Leiden. pp. 432.
78. Turnbull, A. L. & D. A. Chant. 1961. The practice and theory of biological control. Can. J. Zool. 39: 697-753.
79. Udine, E. J. 1941. The black grain stem sawfly and the European wheat stem sawfly in the United States. USDA Circular 607: 1-9.
80. Van den Brande, J. & J. Swartenbroekx. 1942. De graanhalmwesp (Cephus pygmaeus L. Meded. Landb.-Hoogesch. Opzoekingssta. Gent 10(1): 3-10. (Dutch; English summary).
81. abstr. in Rev. Appl. Entomol. 1946,34: 185.
82. von Kriegl, M. 1966. Zur Kenntnis der Parasitierung der Getreidelhalmwespe Cephus pygmaeus L. (Hym., Cephidae) in Mitteleuropa. Z. ang. Ent. Bd. 57: 221-228. [German; English abstract]
83. Walker, M. G. 1937. A mathematical analysis of super-parasitism by Collyria calcitrator Grav. Parasitology 29: 477-503.
84. Walker, M. G. 1940. Notes on the distribution of Cephus pygmaeus Linn., and of its parasite, Collyria calcitrator Grav. Bull. Entomol. Res. 30: 551-573.
85. Wallace, L. E. & F. H. McNeal. 1966. Stem sawflies of economic importance in grain crops in the United States. USDA Tech. Bull. 1350. pp. 50.
86. Weiss, M. J. & W. L. Morrill. 1992. Wheat stem sawfly (Hymenoptera: Cephidae) revisted. Amer. Entomol. 38(4): 241-245.
87. Weiss, M. J., W. L. Morrill & L. L. Reitz. 1987. Influence of planting date and spring tillage on the wheat stem sawfly. Montana AgResearch 4: 2-5.
88. Yu, D. S. & K. Horstmann. 1997. A catalogue of world ichneumonidae (Hymenoptera). Memoirs Amer. Entomol. Inst. 58: 1-1558.
89. Zhao, L., X. Du, H. Jia, A. Wang & S. Hou. 1997. Effect of Cephus fumipennis Eversmann on grain weight of different spring wheat varieties. Plant Prot. (Beijing) 23(6): 15-16.
90. Zhelokhovtsev, A. N. & A. G. Zinov'ev. 1996. A list of the sawflies and horntails (Hymenoptera, Symphyta) of the fauna of Russia and adjacent terretories. II. Entomol. Rev. 76: 451-470.