Inter-examiner reliability of passive assessment of intervertebral motion in the cervical and lumbar spine: A systematic review

Manual Therapy

Volumn 10, Issue 4, 2005, Pages 256-269

  Van Trijffel, E ^a,c   Anderegg, Q ^a,b   Bossuyt, P M M ^a   Lucas, C ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF AMSTERDAM   (Netherlands)

^b VU UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER   (Netherlands)

^c NONE   (Netherlands)

Author keywords

Motion assessment; Reliability; Reproducibility of results; Spine; Systematic review

Indexed keywords

CERVICAL SPINE; CERVICAL SPINE INJURY; CLINICAL TRIAL; DIAGNOSTIC ACCURACY; DIAGNOSTIC ERROR; DIAGNOSTIC VALUE; HUMAN; LOW BACK PAIN; LUMBAR SPINE; MANIPULATIVE MEDICINE; NECK INJURY; OBSERVER VARIATION; PASSIVE MOVEMENT; PHYSIOTHERAPY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RELIABILITY; REPRODUCIBILITY; REVIEW; SPINE MOBILITY; SYSTEMATIC REVIEW; TREATMENT PLANNING; VALIDATION PROCESS;

CERVICAL VERTEBRAE; HUMANS; INTERVERTEBRAL DISK; LUMBAR VERTEBRAE; MOVEMENT; MUSCULOSKELETAL MANIPULATIONS; OBSERVER VARIATION; PHYSICAL EXAMINATION; RANGE OF MOTION, ARTICULAR; REPRODUCIBILITY OF RESULTS; RESEARCH DESIGN;

EID: 27544509026     PISSN: 1356689X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.math.2005.04.008     Document Type: Review

References (81)

1. D.G. Altman Practical statistics for medical research 1991 Chapman & Hall London p. 403-9 (Chapter 14)
2. E. Anson, C. Cook, C. Camacho, B. Gwilliam, and T. Karakostas The use of an educational model in the improvement of student reliability in finding R1 The Journal of Manual and Manipulative Therapy 11 4 2003 204 212
3. J.J. Bartko, and W.T. Carpenter On the methods and theory of reliability The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease 163 5 1976 307 317
4. E. Bergström, and G. Courtis An inter- and intra-examiner reliability study of motion palpation of the lumbar spine in lateral flexion in the seated position European Journal of Chiropractic 34 1986 121 141
5. E.V. Billis, N.E. Foster, and C.C. Wright Reproducibility and repeatability: errors of three groups of physiotherapists in locating spinal levels by palpation Manual Therapy 8 4 2003 223 232
6. J. Binkley, P.W. Stratford, and C. Gill Interrater reliability of lumbar accessory motion mobility testing Physical Therapy 75 9 1995 786 795
7. J.M. Bland, and D.G. Altman Measurement error and correlation coefficients British Medical Journal 313 1996 41 42
8. J.M. Bland, and D.G. Altman Measurement error British Medical Journal 313 1996 744
9. P.D. Boline, J.C. Keating, J. Brist, and G. Denver Interexaminer reliability of palpatory evaluations of the lumbar spine American Journal of Chiropractic Medicine 1 1 1988 5 11
10. A.J. Borghouts, H.J. Janssen, B.W. Koes, J.W.M. Muris, J.F.M. Metsemakers, and L.M. Bouter The management of chronic pain in general practice: a retrospective study Scandinavian Journal of Primary Health Care 17 1999 215 220
11. P.M. Bossuyt, J.B. Reitsma, D.E. Bruns, C.A. Gatsonis, P.P. Glasziou, L.M. Irwig, J.G. Lijmer, D. Moher, D. Rennie, and H.C.W. de Vet Towards complete and accurate reporting of studies of diagnostic accuracy: the STARD Initiative Clinical Chemistry 49 1 2003 1 6
12. P.M. Bossuyt, J.B. Reitsma, D.E. Bruns, C.A. Gatsonis, P.P. Glasziou, L.M. Irwig, D. Moher, D. Rennie, H.C.W. de Vet, and J.G. Lijmer The STARD statement for reporting studies of diagnostic accuracy: explanation and elaboration Clinical Chemistry 49 1 2003 7 18
13. A. Breen The reliability of palpation and other diagnostic methods Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics 15 1 1992 54 56
14. P. Brennan, and A. Silman Statistical methods for assessing observer variability in clinical measures British Medical Journal 304 1992 1491 1494
15. A. Bruton, J.H. Conway, and S.T. Holgate Reliability: what is it and how is it measured? Physiotherapy 86 2 2000 94 99
16. T. Byrt, J. Bishop, and J.B. Carlin Bias, prevalence and kappa Journal of Clinical Epidemiology 46 5 1993 423 429
17. H.W. Christensen, W. Vach, K. Vach, C. Manniche, T. Haghfelt, L. Hartvigsen, and P.F. Høilund-Carlsen Palpation of the upper thoracic spine: an observer reliability study Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics 25 5 2002 285 292
18. J. Cohen A coefficient of agreement for nominal scales Educational and Psychological Measurement 20 1960 37 46
19. K.F. DeBoer, R. Harmon, C.D. Tuttle, and H. Wallace Reliability study of detection of somatic dysfunction in the cervical spine Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics 8 1 1985 9 16
20. B.J. Downey, N.F. Taylor, and K.R. Niere Manipulative physiotherapists can reliably palpate nominated lumbar spinal levels Manual Therapy 4 3 1999 151 156
21. B. Downey, N. Taylor, and K. Niere Can manipulative physiotherapists agree on which lumbar level to treat based on palpation? Physiotherapy 89 2 2003 74 81
22. M. Egger, G. Davey Smith, and K. O'Rourke Rationale, potentials, and promise of systematic reviews M. Egger G. Davey Smith D.G. Altman Systematic reviews in health care: meta-analysis in context 2nd ed 2001 BMJ Publishing Group London 3 19 (Chapter 1)
23. A. Faas, A.W. Chavannes, B.W. Koes, J.M.M. Van den Hoogen, J.M.A. Mens, L.J.M. Smeele, A.C.M. Romeijnders, and J.R. Van den Laan Dutch College of General Practitioners Standard "low back pain" Huisarts en Wetenschap 39 1 1996 18 31
24. A.R. Feinstein, and D.V. Cicchetti High agreement but low Kappa: I. The problems of two paradoxes Journal of Clinical Epidemiology 43 6 1990 543 549
25. A. Fjellner, C. Bexander, R. Faleij, and L.-E. Strender Interexaminer reliability in physical examination of the cervical spine Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics 22 8 1999 511 516
26. S.D. French, S. Green, and A. Forbes Reliability of chiropractic methods commonly used to detect manipulable lesions in patients with chronic low-back pain Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics 23 4 2000 231 238
27. C. Gonella, S.V. Paris, and M. Kutner Reliability in evaluating passive intervertebral motion Physical Therapy 62 4 1982 436 444
28. M. Haas Statistical methodology for reliability studies Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics 14 2 1991 119 132
29. M. Haas The reliability of reliability Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics 14 3 1991 199 208
30. M. Haas How to evaluate intraexaminer reliability using an interexaminer reliability study design Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics 18 1 1995 10 15
31. M. Haas, R. Raphael, D. Panzer, and D. Peterson Reliability of manual end-play palpation of the thoracic spine Chiropractic Technique 7 4 1995 120 124
32. M. Haas, E. Groupp, D. Panzer, L. Partna, S. Lumsden, and M. Aickin Efficacy of cervical endplay assessment as an indicator for spinal manipulation Spine 28 11 2003 1091 1096
33. W.P. Hanten, S.L. Olson, and G.M. Ludwig Reliability of manual mobility testing of the upper cervical spine in subjects with cervicogenic headache The Journal of Manual and Manipulative Therapy 10 2 2002 76 82
34. C. Hawk, C. Phongphua, J. Bleecker, L. Swank, D. Lopez, and T. Rubley Preliminary study of the reliability of assessment procedures for indications for chiropractic adjustments of the lumbar spine Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics 22 6 1999 382 389
35. L. Hestbœk, and C. Leboeuf-Yde Are chiropractic tests for the lumbo-pelvic spine reliable and valid? A systematic critical literature review Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics 23 4 2000 258 275
36. G.E. Hicks, J.M. Fritz, A. Delitto, and J. Mishock Interrater reliability of clinical examination measures for identification of lumbar segmental instability Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 84 2003 1858 1864
37. P.A. Huijbregts Spinal motion palpation: a review of reliability studies The Journal of Manual and Manipulative Therapy 10 1 2002 24 39
38. B.K. Humphreys, M. Delahaye, and C.K. Peterson An investigation into the validity of cervical spine motion palpation using subjects with congenital block vertebrae as a 'gold standard' BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 5 2004 19
39. E.L. Inscoe, P.L. Witt, M.T. Gross, and R.U. Mitchell Reliability in evaluating passive intervertebral motion of the lumbar spine The Journal of Manual and Manipulative Therapy 3 4 1995 135 143
40. W.L. Johnston, G.A. Blum, J.L. Hendra, D.R. Neff, and M.E. Rosen Passive gross motion testing: Part III. Examiner agreement on selected subjects Journal of the American Osteopathic Association 81 5 1982 309 313
41. G. Jull, and M. Bullock A motion profile of the lumbar spine in an ageing population assessed by manual examination Physiotherapy Practice 3 1987 70 81
42. G. Jull, J. Treleaven, and G. Versace Manual examination: is pain provocation a major cue for spinal dysfunction? Australian Journal of Physiotherapy 40 3 1994 159 165
43. G. Jull, G. Zito, P. Trott, H. Potter, D. Shirley, and C. Richardson Inter-examiner reliability to detect painful upper cervical joint dysfunction Australian Journal of Physiotherapy 43 2 1997 125 129
44. F. Kaltenborn, and O. Lindahl Reproducerbarheten vid rö relseundersökning av enskilda kotor Lakartidningen 66 10 1969 962 965
45. J.C. Keating Interexaminer reliability of motion palpation of the lumbar spine: a review of quantitative literature American Journal of Chiropractic Medicine 2 3 1989 107 110
46. J.C. Keating, T.F. Bergmann, G.E. Jacobs, B.A. Finer, and K. Larson Interexaminer reliability of eight evaluative dimensions of lumbar segmental abnormality Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics 13 8 1990 463 470
47. M.S. Kramer, and A.R. Feinstein Clinical biostatistics LIV. The biostatistics of concordance Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics 29 1 1981 111 123
48. J.R. Landis, and G.G. Koch The measurement of observer agreement for categorical data Biometrics 33 1977 159 174
49. C.A. Lantz Application and evaluation of the Kappa statistic in the design of chiropractic clinical research Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics 20 8 1997 521 528
50. C. Leboeuf, V. Gardner, A.L. Carter, and T.A. Scott Chiropractic examination procedures: a reliability and consistency study Journal of the Australian Chiropractors' Association 19 3 1989 101 104
51. J.G. Lijmer, B.W. Mol, S. Heisterkamp, G.J. Bonsel, M.H. Prins, J.H.P. van der Meulen, and P.M.M. Bossuyt Empirical evidence of design-related bias in studies of diagnostic tests Journal of the American Medical Association 282 11 1999 1061 1066
52. R.M. Love, and R.R. Brodeur Inter- and intra-examiner reliability of motion palpation for the thoracolumbar spine Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics 10 1 1987 1 4
53. M. Maclure, and W.C. Willett Misinterpretation and misuse of the Kappa statistic American Journal of Epidemiology 126 2 1987 161 169
54. C. Maher, and R. Adams Reliability of pain and stiffness assessments in clinical manual lumbar spine examination Physical Therapy 74 9 1994 801 811
55. C. Maher, and J. Latimer Pain or resistance - the manual therapists' dilemma Australian Journal of Physiotherapy 38 4 1992 257 260
56. A.M. McKenzie, and N.F. Taylor Can physiotherapists locate lumbar spinal levels by palpation? Physiotherapy 83 5 1997 235 239
57. M.O. Meade, R.J. Cook, G.H. Guyatt, R. Groll, J.R. Kachura, M. Bedard, D.J. Cook, A.S. Slutsky, and T.E. Stewart Interobserver variation in interpreting chest radiographs for the diagnosis of acute respiratory distress syndrome American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine 161 2000 85 90
58. W. Meijne, K. Van Neerbos, G. Aufdemkampe, and P. Van der Wurff Intraexaminer and interexaminer reliability of the Gillet test Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics 22 1 1999 4 9
59. S.A. Mior, R.S. King, M. McGregor, and M. Bernard Intra and interexaminer reliability of motion palpation in the cervical spine The Journal of the Canadian Chiropractic Association 29 4 1985 195 198
60. R.D. Mootz, J.C. Keating, H.P. Kontz, T.B. Milus, and G.E. Jacobs Intra- and interobserver reliability of passive motion palpation of the lumbar spine Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics 12 6 1989 440 445
61. A. Nachemson, G. Waddell, and A.I. Norlund Epidemiology of neck and low back pain A. Nachemson E. Jonsson Neck and back pain: the scientific evidence of causes, diagnosis, and treatment 2000 Lippincot, Williams and Wilkins Philadelphia, PA 165 187 (Chapter 8)
62. D.D. Nansel, A.C. Peneff, R.D. Jansen, and R. Cooperstein Interexaminer concordance in detecting joint-play asymmetries in the cervical spines of otherwise asymptomatic subjects Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics 12 6 1989 428 433
63. D.M. Panzer The reliability of lumbar motion palpation Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics 15 8 1992 518 524
64. J.J. Pool, J.L. Hoving, H.C. de Vet, H. van Mameren, and L.M. Bouter The interexaminer reproducibility of physical examination of the cervical spine Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics 27 2 2004 84 90
65. N.A. Potter, and J.M. Rothstein Intertester reliability for selected clinical tests of the sacroiliac joint Physical Therapy 65 11 1985 1671 1675
66. T. Richter, and J. Lawall Zur Zuverlässigkeit manualdiagnostischer Befunde Manuelle Medizin 31 1993 1 11
67. J.M. Rothstein, and J.L. Echternach Primer on measurement: an introductory guide to measurement issues 1993 American Physical Therapy Association Alexandria, VA p. 73-85
68. S.K. Schoensee, G. Jensen, G. Nicholson, M. Gossman, and C. Katholi The effect of mobilization on cervical headaches Journal of the Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy 21 4 1995 184 196
69. P. Schöps, M. Pfingsten, and U. Siebert Reliabilität manualmedizinischer Untersuchungstechniken an der Halswirbelsäule. Studie zur Qualitätssicherung in der manuellen Diagnostik Zeitschrift für Orthopädie und Ihre Grenzgebiete 138 2000 2 7
70. M.A. Seffinger, W.I. Najm, S.I. Mishra, A. Adams, V.M. Dickerson, L.S. Murphy, and S. Reinsch Reliability of spinal palpation for diagnosis of back and neck pain. A systematic review of the literature Spine 29 19 2004 E413 E425
71. V. Smedmark, M. Wallin, and I. Arvidsson Inter-examiner reliability in assessing passive intervertebral motion of the cervical spine Manual Therapy 5 2 2000 97 101
72. D.L. Streiner, and G.R. Norman Health measurement scales: a practical guide to their development and use 3rd ed 2003 Oxford University Press Oxford p. 126-52 (Chapter 8)
73. L.-E. Strender, A. Sjöblom, K. Sundell, R. Ludwig, and A. Taube Interexaminer reliability in physical examination of patients with low back pain Spine 22 7 1997 814 820
74. L.-E. Strender, M. Lundin, and K. Nell Interexaminer reliability in physical examination of the neck Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics 20 8 1997 516 520
75. W.D. Thompson, and S.D. Walter A reappraisal of the kappa coefficient Journal of Clinical Epidemiology 41 10 1988 949 958
76. S.J. Troyanovich, and D.D. Harrison Motion palpation: it's time to accept the evidence Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics 21 8 1998 568 571
77. L.R. Van Dillen, S.A. Sahrmann, B.J. Norton, C.A. Caldwell, D.A. Fleming, M.K. McDonnell, and N.B. Woolsey Reliability of physical examination items used for classification of patients with low back pain Physical Therapy 78 9 1998 979 988
78. H.A. Van Suijlekom, H.C.W. de Vet, S.G.M. van den Berg, and W.E.J. Weber Interobserver reliability in physical examination of the cervical spine in patients with headache Headache 40 2000 581 586
79. E. Viikari-Juntura Interexaminer reliability of observations in physical examinations of the neck Physical Therapy 67 10 1987 1526 1532
80. P. Whiting, A.W.S. Rutjes, J.B. Reitsma, P.M.M. Bossuyt, and J. Kleijnen The development of QUADAS: a tool for the quality assessment of studies of diagnostic accuracy included in systematic reviews BMC Medical Research Methodology 3 1 2003 25
81. P. Whiting, A.W.S. Rutjes, J.B. Reitsma, A.S. Glas, P.M.M. Bossuyt, and J. Kleijnen Sources of variation and bias in studies of diagnostic accuracy. A systematic review Annals of Internal Medicine 140 3 2004 189 202