Sustainable development, sustainable livelihoods and land reform in South Africa: A conceptual and ethical inquiry

Third World Quarterly

Volumn 25, Issue 2, 2004, Pages 405-421

  Attfield, Robin ^a   Hattingh, Johan ^a   Matshabaphala, Manamela ^a  

^a NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CRITICAL ANALYSIS; LAND REFORM; SUSTAINABILITY; SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT;

AFRICA; SOUTH AFRICA; SOUTHERN AFRICA; SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA;

EID: 27444433986     PISSN: 01436597     EISSN: 13602241     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/0143659042000174888     Document Type: Article

References (28)

1. RW Dixon-Gough. 'Land reform: The key to sustamahle development', in Dixon-Gough (ed). Land Reform and Sustainable Development. Aldershot: Ashgate, 1999, p 1.
2. In this way we will also move beyond the tendency to see land reform, in both its narrower and wider sense, as 'the key to sustainable development', (emphasis added). Ibid.
3. Robert Chambers, Sustainable Rural Livelihoods: A Strategy for People, Environement and Development, (Commissioned Study no 7. Institute of Development Studies (IDS). University of Sussex, 1987.
4. M Lipton, F Ellis & M Lipton (eds). Land, Labour and Livelihoods om South Africa, Vol 2. KwaZulu-Natal and Northern Province, Durban: Indicator Press. 1996.
5. R Chambers & G Conway, Sustainable Rural Livelihoods: Practices and Concepts for the 21st Century, Paper 296, ids, University of Sussex, 1992.
6. According to this definition. 'Sustainahlc development is development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs'. World Commission on Environment and Development. Our Common Future, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1987, p 43.
7. Johan Hattingh & Robin Attfield. 'Ecological sustainability in a developing country such as South Africa? A philosophical and ethical inquiry'. International Journal of Human Rights, 6(2), 2002, pp 65-92. This paper also supplies a fuller discussion of the concept of development.
8. Ibid.
9. Sec Robin Attfield. Environmental Ethics: An Overview for the Twenty-First Century; Cambridge: Polity Press, 2003, ch 3.
10. An example of such an assimilation can be found in Barry Munslow & Patrick Fitgerald, 'South Africa: The sustainable development challenge'. Third World Quaterly, 15 (2), 1994. pp 227-242. esp p 231.
11. See Martin Adams. Breaking Ground: Development Aid for Land Reform, London: Overseas Development Institute (odi). 2000, pp 1-7.
12. In other parts of the world, for instance Eastern Europe, land reform is conceptualised by some simply to entail changes in land use, or changes in land management practices, both with a view to making land use more 'environmentally friendly'. Sec Dixon-Gough. Land Reform and Sustainable Development.
13. See C de Wet. 'Land reform in South Africa: A vehicle for justice and reconciliation, or a source of further inequality and conflict?', Development Southern Africa, 14 (3), 1997, pp 355-362.
14. See also Henry Hernstein's sceptical appraisal of the (technicist neopopulist) motives and effects (massive structural unemployment and poverty) of 'new wave' land reform the world over in his paper 'Land reform: Taking a long(er) view', Journal of Agrarian Change, 2 (4), 2002, pp 433-463.
15. See Essy M Letsoalo, Land Reform in South Africa: A Black Perspective, Johannesburg: Skotaville Publishers, 1987, foreword and p 18.
16. See also note 35.
17. The Natives Land Act No 27 of 1913, The Natives Administration Act of 1927. and the Bantu Trust and Land Act No 18 of 1936 were the key instruments that reduced Black people in South Africa from landowners to landless tenants without representation in government. From the 1950s, 'land reform' in South Africa entailed the establishment of tribal homelands, and the resettlement of millions of people. Further discussion of this history can be found in M de Klerk (ed). A Harvest of Discontent. The Land Question in South Africa, Cape Twon: Idasa, 1991
18. and Richard Levin & Daniel Weiner (eds). 'No More Tears': Stuggles for Land in Mpumalanga, South Africa, Trenton, NJ and Asmara, Eritrea: Africa World Press, 1997.
19. RF Rhode. TA Bejaminsen & MT Hoffman, Land Reform in Namaqualand: Poverty Alleviation, Stepping Stones and 'Economic Units', Occasional Paper No 16, Land Reform and Agrarian Change in Southern Africa, Programme for Land and Agrarian Studies. University of the Western Cape, 2001, p 10.
20. Sec Susan Lund, 'An overview of the land reform programme', in J van Zyl, J Kirsten & HP Binswanger (eds). Agricultural Land Reform in South Africa. Policies, Markets and Mechanisms. Town: Oxford University Press. 1996. pp 547-562.
21. Sec AJ van der Walt. The Constitutional Property Clause: A Comparative Analysis of Section 25 of the South African Constitution of 1996, Cape Twon: Juta & Co, 1997.
22. CG van der Merwe & JM Pienaar. 'Land reform in South Africa', in Paul Jackson & David C Wilde (eds). The Reform of Properly Law, Aldershot: Ashgate, 1997. pp 334-380, at pp 362f.
23. See Janet Small & Herald Winkler, Botho Sechabeng: A Feeling of Community, Johannesburg: Transvaal Rural Action Committee (trac). 1995.
24. PH de Necker. JJ Uys & JH van der Merwe. Urban and Periurban Farming in the Western Cape. Feasability of a Development Mechanism for the Private Sector. Publication No 35/1996 of the Institute for Geographical Analysis and the Department of Geography and Environmental Studies. University of Stellenbosch. 1996. pp 6-7, 43.
25. See also ASM Karaan & N Mohamed, 'The performance and support of food gardens in some townships of the Cape Metropolitan Area: An evaluation of Ahilimi Bezekhaya'. Development Southern Africa, 15 (1), 1998, pp 75-76, 80.
26. Besides various earlier publications in this regard, an extensive defence of aggressive land reform practices in Zimbabwe is given by S Moyo in Land Reform under Structural Adjustment in Zimbabwe: Land Use Change in the Mashonaland Provinces. Uppsala: Nordiska Afrikainstitutet, 2000.
27. See also note 52.
28. See K Deininger & J May. 'Can there be growth with equity? An initial assessment of land reform in South Africa'. World Bank Working Paper 2451, 2000.