Establishing efficacy in chronic stable conditions: Are 'N = 1 study' designs or case series useful?

Forschende Komplementarmedizin und Klassische Naturheilkunde

Volumn 5, Issue SUPPL., 1998, Pages 128-130

  Ernst, E ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF EXETER   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Case series; Complementary medicine; N = 1 study; Research methodology; Validity

Indexed keywords

EID: 2742577149     PISSN: 14247364     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (14)

1. Sim J: The ethics of single-system (n = 1) research. Physiother Theory Pract 1994;10:211-222.
2. Kratchwill TR (ed): Single Subject Research: Strategies for Evaluating Change. Orlando, Fl, Academic Press, 1978. p 316.
3. Guyatt G, Sackett D, Wayne Taylor D, Chong J, Roberts R, Pugsley S: Determining optimal therapy - randomized trials in individual patients. N Engl J Med 1986;314:889-892.
4. Hinkel J, Hornung J: 'Single-Case Studies' - Eine Übersicht. Forsch Komplementärmed 1997;4:6-15.
5. Ernst E, Resch KL: The 'optional cross-over design' for randomized controlled trials. J Fundam Clin Pharm 1995;9:508-511.
6. Reilly D, Taylor MA, Beattie NGM, et al: Is evidence for homoeopathy reproducible? Lancet 1994;344:1601-1606.
7. March L, Irwig L, Schwarz J, Simpson J, Chock C, Brooks P: N of 1 trials comparing a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug with paracetamol in osteoarthritis. BMJ 1994;309:1041-1046.
8. Mahon J, Laupacis A, Donner A, Wood T: Randomised study of n of 1 trials versus standard practice. BMJ 1996;312:1069-1074.
9. Edington ES: Statistics and single case analysis. Prog Behav Modif 1984;16:83-119.
10. Lewis JA: Controlled trials in single subjects. II. Limitations of use. BMJ 1991;303:175-176.
11. Ernst E, Resch KL: The clinical trial - gold standard or naive reductionism. Eur J Phys Med Rehabil 1996;6:26-27.
12. Vickers A, Cassileth B, Ernst E, Fisher P, Goldman P, Jonas W, Kang S-K, Lewith G, Schulz K, Silagy C: How should we research unconventional therapies? A panel report form the conference on Complementary and Alternative Medicine Reseach Methodology, National Institutes of Health. Int J Technol Assess Health Care 1997;12:111-121.
13. Johannessen T: Controlled trials in single subjects. I Value in clinical medicine. BMJ 1991;313: 173-174.
14. Campbell MJ: N of 1 trials may be useful for informed decision making. BMJ 1994;309:1045.