A Characterisation of the Word Superiority Effect in a Case of Letter-by-letter Surface Alexia

Cognitive Neuropsychology

Volumn 13, Issue 3, 1996, Pages 415-442

  Bowers, Jeffrey S ^a   Bub, Daniel N ^b   Arguin, Martin ^c  

^a RICE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF VICTORIA   (Canada)

^c CENTRE DE RECHERCHE   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 2742560656     PISSN: 02643294     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/026432996381962     Document Type: Article

References (50)

1. Adams, M.J. (1979). Models of word recognition. Cognitive Psychology, 11, 133-176.
2. Andrews, S. (1989) Frequency and neighbourhood effects on lexical access: Activation or search? Memory and Cognition, 15, 802-814.
3. Arguin, M., & Bub, D. (1993). Single-character processing in a case of pure alexia. Neuropsychologia, 31, 435-458.
4. Arguin, M., & Bub, D.N. (1995). Letter priming and decision processes in classification and identification tasks. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 21, 1199-1219
5. Behrmann, M., Black, S.E., & Bub, D. (1990). The evolution of pure alexia: A longitudinal study of recovery. Brain and Language, 39, 405-427.
6. Behrmann, M., & Bub, D.N. (1992). Surface dyslexia and dysgraphia: Dual routes, single lexicon. Cognitive Neuropsychology, 9, 209-251.
7. Besner, D., Coltheart, M., & Davelaar, E. (1984). Basic processes in reading: Computation of abstract letter identities. Canadian Journal of Psychology, 38, 126-134.
8. Bub, D., & Arguin, M. (1995). Visual word activation in pure alexia. Brain and Language, 49, 77-103.
9. Bub, D., Black, S., & Howell, J. (1989). Word recognition and orthographic context effects in a letter-by-letter reader. Brain and Language, 36, 357-376.
10. Bub, J., & Bub, D. (1988). On the methodology of single-case studies in cognitive-neuropsychology. Cognitive Neuropsychology, 5, 565-582.
11. Bub, D., & Gum, T. (1988). Psychlab software. Montreal: McGill University.
12. Coltheart, M. (1981). Disorders of reading and their implications for models of normal reading. Visible Language, 3, 245-286.
13. Coltheart, M., Davelaar, E., Jonasson, J.T., & Besner, D. (1977). Access to the internal lexicon. In S. Dornic (Ed.), Attention and performance VI. London: Academic Press.
14. Coslett, H.B., & Saffran, E.M (1989). Evidence of preserved reading in "pure alexia." Brain, 112, 327-359.
15. Coslett, H.B., Saffran, E.M., Greenbaum, S., & Schwartz, H. (1993). Reading in pure alexia. Brain, 116, 21-37.
16. Estes, W.K. (1975). The locus of inferential and perceptual processes in letter identification. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 104, 122-145.
17. Evett, L.J., & Humphreys, G.W. (1981). The use of abstract graphemic information in lexical access. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 33A, 325-350.
18. Farah, M.J. (1994). Neuropsychological inference with an interactive brain: A critique of the "locality" assumption. Behavioural and Brain Sciences, 17, 43-104.
19. Farah, M.J., & Wallace, M.A. (1991). Pure alexia as a visual impairment: A reconsideration. Cognitive Neuropsychology, 8, 313-334.
20. Francis, W.N., & Kucera, H. (1982). Frequency analysis of English usage: Lexicon and grammar. Boston, MA: Hough ton Mifflin Company.
21. Friedman, R.B., & Hadley, J.A. (1992). Letter-by-letter surface alexia. Cognitive Neuropsychology, 9, 185-208.
22. Geffen, G., Bradshaw, J.L., & Nettleton, N.C. (1972). Hemispheric asymmetry: Verbal and spatial encoding of visual stimuli. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 95, 25-31.
23. Granger, J., & Ferrand, L. (1994). Phonology and orthography in visual word recognition: Effects of masked homophone primes. Journal of Memory and Language, 33, 218-233.
24. Howard, D. (1991). Letter-by-letter readers: Evidence for parallel processing. In D. Besner & G.W. Humphreys (Eds.), Basic processes in reading: Visual word recognition (pp. 34-76). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Inc.
25. Johnston, J C. (1978). A test of the sophisticated guessing theory of word perception. Cognitive Psychology, 10, 123-154.
26. Juola, J.F., Leavit, D.D., & Choe, C.S. (1974). Letter identification in word, nonword, and single letter displays. Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society, 4, 278-280.
27. Kay, J., & Hanley, R (1991). Simultaneous form perception and serial letter recognition in a case of letter-by-letter reading. Cognitive Neuropsychology, 8, 249-273.
28. Kinsbourne, M., & Warrington, E.K. (1962). A disorder of simultaneous form perception. Brain, 85, 461-486.
29. Kuçera, M., & Francis, W. (1967). Computational analysis of present-day American English. Providence, RI: Brown University Press.
30. Levine, D.M., & Calvanio, R.A. (1978). A study of the visual defect in verbal alexia-simultagnosia. Brain, 101, 65-81.
31. McClelland, J.L. (1976). Preliminary letter identification in the perception of words and nonwords. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 3, 80-91.
32. McClelland, J.L., & Johnston, J.C. (1977). The role of familiar units in perception of words and nonwords. Perception and Psychophysics, 22, 249-261.
33. McClelland, J.L., & Rumelhart, D.E. (1981). An interactive activation model of context effects in letter perception: Part 1. An account of basic findings. Psychological Review, 88, 375-407.
34. Manelis, L. (1974). The effect of meaningfulness and tachistoscopic word perception. Perception and Psychophysics, 16, 182-192.
35. Marsolek, C.J., Kosslyn, S.M., & Squire, L.R. (1992). Form-specific visual priming in the right cerebral hemisphere. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 18, 492-508.
36. Mayzner, M.S., & Tresselt, M.E. (1965). Tables of single-letter and digram frequency counts for various word-length and letter-position combinations. Psychonomic Monograph Supplements, 1, 13-32.
37. Monsell, S., Doyle, M.C., & Haggard, P.N. (1989). Effects of frequency on visual word recognition tasks: Where are they? Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 118, 43-71.
38. Morton, J. (1979). Facilitation in word recognition. Experiments causing change in the logogen model. In P.A. Kolers, M.E. Wrolstad, & H. Bouma (Eds.), Processing models of visual language. New York, NY: Plenum.
39. Paap, K.R., McDonald, J.E., Schvaneveldt, R.W., & Noel, R.W. (1987). Frequency and pronounceability in visually presented naming and lexical decision tasks. In M. Coltheart (Ed.), The psychology of reading (Attention and performance XII) (pp. 221-243). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Inc.
40. Patterson, K., & Hodges, J.R. (1992). Deterioration of word meaning: Implications for reading. Neuropsychologia, 30, 1025-1040.
41. Patterson, K.E., & Kay, J. (1982). Letter-by-letter reading: Psychological descriptions of a neurological syndrome. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 34A, 411-441.
42. Patterson, K.E., Varga-Khadem, F., & Polkey, C.E. (1989). Reading with one hemisphere. Brain, 112, 39-64.
43. Price, C.J., & Humphreys, G.W. (1992). Letter-by-letter reading? Functional deficits and compensatory strategies. Cognitive Neuropsychology, 9, 427-457.
44. Reuter-Lorenz, P.A., & Baynes, K. (1991). Models of lexical access in the callosotomised brain. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 4, 155-163.
45. Reuter-Lorenz, P.A., & Brunn, J.L. (1990). A prelexical basis for letter-by-letter reading: A case study. Cognitive Neuropsychology, 7, 1-20.
46. Seidenberg, M.S. (1992). Beyond orthographic depth in reading: Equitable division of labour. In R. Frost & L. Katz (Eds), Orthography, phonology, morphology, and meaning. Amsterdam: Elsevier.
47. Shallice, T., &. Saffran, E. (1986). Lexical processing in the absence of explicit word identification: Evidence from a letter-by-letter reader. Cognitive Neuropsychology, 8, 727-743.
48. Shallice, T., Warrington, E.K., & McCarthy, R. (1983). Reading without semantics. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 35A, 111-138.
49. Warrington, E.K., & Shallice, T. (1980). Word-form dyslexia. Brain, 103, 99-112.
50. Waters, G., Caplan, D., & Hildebrandt, N. (1987). Working memory and written sentence comprehension. In M. Coltheart (Ed.), Attention and performance XII: Reading. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Inc.