Mapping the criterion space for expatriate success: Task- and relationship-based performance, effort and adaptation

International Journal of Human Resource Management

Volumn 16, Issue 8, 2005, Pages 1454-1474

  Harrison, David A ^a   Shaffer, Margaret A ^b  

^a PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b HONG KONG BAPTIST UNIVERSITY   (Hong Kong)

Author keywords

Adjustment; Expatriate success; Performance

Indexed keywords

EID: 27344445424     PISSN: 09585192     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/09585190500220648     Document Type: Article

References (73)

1. Arthur, W. Jr and Bennett, W. Jr (1997) 'A Comparative Test of Alternative Models of International Assignee Job Performance'. In Aycan, Z. (ed.) New Approaches to Employee Management Expatriate Management: Theory and Research, Vol. 4. Greenwich, CT: JAI Press, pp. 141-72.
2. Aryee, S. and Stone, R.J. (1996) 'Work Experiences, Work Adjustment and Psychological Well-being of Expatriate Employees in Hong Kong', International Journal of Human Resource Management, 7(1): 150-63.
3. Ashford, S.J. and Taylor, S.M. (1990) 'Adaptation to Work Transitions: An Integrative Approach'. In Ferris, G.R. and Rowland, K.M. (eds) Research in Personnel and Human Resource Management, Vol. 8. Greenwich, CT: JAI Press, pp. 1-39.
4. Aycan, Z. (1997) 'Acculturation of Expatriate Managers: A Process Model of Adjustment and Performance'. In Saunders, D.M. and Aycan, Z. (eds) New Approaches to Employee Management, Vol. 4. Greenwich, CT: JAI Press, pp. 1-40.
5. Baron, R.M. and Kenny, D.A. (1986) 'The Moderator Mediator Variable Distinction in Social Psychological Research: Conceptual, Strategic, and Statistical Considerations', Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51: 1173-82.
6. Black, J.S. (1988) 'Work Role Transitions: A Study of American Expatriate Managers in Japan', Journal of International Business Studies, 19: 277-94.
7. Black, J.S. (1990) 'Locus of Control, Social Support, Stress, and Adjustment in International Transfers', Asia Pacific Journal of Management, 7(1): 1-29.
8. Black, J.S. and Gregersen, H.B. (1991) 'Antecedents to Cross-cultural Adjustment for Expatriates in Pacific Rim Assignments', Human Relations, 44: 497-515.
9. Black, J.S. and Stephens, G.K. (1989) 'The Influence of the Spouse on American Expatriate Adjustment and Intent to Stay in Pacific Rim Overseas Assignments', Journal of Management, 15(4): 529-44.
10. Black, J.S., Mendenhall, M. and Oddou, G. (1991) 'Toward a Comprehensive Model of International Adjustment: An Integration of Multiple Theoretical Perspectives', Academy of Management Review, 16: 291-317.
11. Borman, W.C. and Motowidlo, S.J. (1993) 'Expanding the Criterion Domain to Include Elements of Contextual Performance'. In Schmitt, N. and Borman, W.C. (eds) Personnel Selection in Organizations. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass, pp. 71-98.
12. Caligiuri, P.M. (1997) 'Assessing Expatriate Success: Beyond Just "Being There"'. In Aycan, Z. (ed.) New Approaches to Employee Management Expatriate Management: Theory And Research, Vol. 4. Greenwich, CT: JAI Press, pp. 117-40.
13. Caligiuri, P.M. (2000) 'Selecting Expatriates for Personality Characteristics: A Moderating Effect of Personality on the Relationship between Host National Contact and Cross-cultural Adjustment', Management International Review, 40(1): 61-80.
14. Caligiuri, P.M. and Tung, R.L. (1999) 'Comparing the Success of Male and Female Expatriates from a US-Based Multinational Company', International Journal of Human Resource Management, 10(5): 763-82.
15. Caligiuri, P.M., Hyland, M.M., Joshi, A. and Bross, A.S. (1998) 'Testing a Theoretical Model for Examining the Relationship between Family Adjustment and Expatriates' Work Adjustment', Journal of Applied Psychology, 83: 598-610.
16. Caligiuri, P., Joshi, A. and Lazarova, M. (1999) 'Factors influencing the Adjustment of Women on Global Assignments', International Journal of Human Resource Management, 10(2): 163-79.
17. Caligiuri, P., Phillips, J., Lazarova, M., Tarique, I. and Buergi, P. (2001) 'The Theory of Met Expectations Applied to Expatriate Adjustment: The Role of Cross-cultural Training', International Journal of Human Resource Management, 12(3): 357-72.
18. Campbell, A. (1981) The Sense of Well-being in America. New York: McGraw Hill.
19. Campbell, J.P. (1990) 'Modeling the Performance Prediction Problem in Industrial and Organizational Psychology'. In Dunnette, M.D. and Hough, L.M. (eds) Handbook of Industrial and Organizational Psychology, Vol. 1, 2nd edn. Palo Alto, CA: Consulting Psychologists Press, pp. 687-732.
20. Cohen, S. (1980) 'After-effects of Stress on Human Performance and Social Behavior: A Review of Research and Theory', Psychological Bulletin, 88: 82-108.
21. Crampton, S.M. and Wagner, J.A. (1994) 'Percept-Percept Inflation in Micro-organizational Research: An Investigation of Prevalence and Effect', Journal of Applied Psychology, 79: 67-76.
22. Dunbar, E. (1994) 'The German Executive in the US Work and Social Environment: Exploring Role Demands', International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 18: 277-91.
23. Feldman, D.C. and Thomas, D.C. (1992) 'Career Management Issues Facing Expatriates', Journal of International Business Studies, 23(2): 271-93.
24. Florkowski, G.W. and Fogel, D.S. (1999) 'Expatriate Adjustment and Commitment: The Role of Host-Unit Treatment', International Journal of Human Resource Management, 10(5): 783-807.
25. Graen, G.B. and Uhl-Bien, M. (1995) 'Relationship-Based Approach to Leadership: Development of Leader-Member Exchange (LMX) Theory of Leadership over 25 Years: Applying a Multi-level Multi-domain Perspective', Leadership Quarterly, 6: 219-47.
26. Greenberg, J. (1990) 'Organizational Justice: Yesterday, Today, and Tomorrow', Journal of Management, 16: 399-432.
27. Gregersen, H.B. and Black, J.S. (1990) 'A Multifaceted Approach to Expatriate Retention in International Assignments', Group and Organization Studies, 15: 461-85.
28. Gregersen, H.B. and Black, J.S. (1992) 'Antecedents to Commitment to a Parent Company and a Foreign Operation', Academy of Management Journal, 35(6): 65-90.
29. Harrison, D.A. (2001) 'Meaning and Measurement of Work Role Withdrawal: Current Controversies and Future Fallout under Changing Technology'. In Koslowsky, M. and Krausz, M. (eds) Voluntary Employee Withdrawal and Inattendance: A Current Perspective. New York: Plenum.
30. Harrison, D.A., McLaughlin, M.E. and Coalter, T.M. (1996a) 'Context, Cognition, and Common Method Variance: Psychometric and Verbal Protocol Evidence', Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 68: 246-61.
31. Harrison, D.A., Virick, M. and William, S. (1996b) '"Working without a Net": Time, Performance, and Turnover under Maximally Contingent Rewards', Journal of Applied Psychology, 81: 331-45.
32. Harrison, D.A., Shaffer, M.A. and Bhaskar-Shrinivas, P. (2004) 'Going Places: Roads More and Less Traveled in Research on Expatriate Experiences'. In Martocchio, J.J. (ed.) Research in Personnel and Human Resources Management, Vol. 22. Greenwich, CT: JAI Press, pp. 203-52.
33. Harrison, J.K., Chadwick, M. and Scales, M. (1996) 'The Relationship between Cross-cultural Adjustment and the Personality Variables of Self-Efficacy and Self-Monitoring', International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 20(2): 167-88.
34. Harzing, A.-W.K. (1995) 'The Persistent Myth of High Expatriate Failure Rates', International Journal of Human Resource Management, 6: 457-74.
35. Hom, P.W. and Griffeth, R.W. (1991) 'Structural Equations Modeling Test of a Turnover Theory: Cross-sectional and Longitudinal Analyses', Journal of Applied Psychology, 76: 350-66.
36. Hulin, C.L. (1991) 'Adaptation, Persistence, and Commitment in Organizations'. In Dunnette, M.D. (ed.) Handbook of Industrial and Organizational Psychology, 2nd edn. New York: Wiley, pp. 445-505.
37. Kealey, D.J. (1989) 'A Study of Cross-cultural Effectiveness: Theoretical Issues and Practical Applications', International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 13: 387-428.
38. Kidwell, Jr, R.E. and Bennett, N. (1993) 'Employee Propensity to Withhold Effort: A Conceptual Model to Intersect Three Avenues of Research', Academy of Management Review, 18: 429-56.
39. Kraimer, M.L., Wayne, S.J. and Jaworski, R.A. (2001) 'Sources of Support and Expatriate Performance: The Mediating Role of Expatriate Adjustment', Personnel Psychology, 54(1): 71-99.
40. Lance, C.E. and Richardson, D. (1988) 'Correlates of Work and Nonwork Stress and Satisfaction among American Insulated Sojourners', Human Relations, 41(10): 725-38.
41. Lan, Li (1995) 'Predictors of Expatriate Manager Satisfaction in Asian Pacific Countries', International Journal of Hospitality Management, 15: 363-72.
42. Luthans, F. (1998) Organizational Behavior, 8th edn. Boston, MA: Irwin McGraw-Hill.
43. Munton, A.G. and West, M.A. (1995) 'Innovations and Personal Change: Patterns of Adjustment to Relocation', Journal of Organizational Behavior, 16(4): 363-76.
44. Naumann, E. (1992) 'A Conceptual Model of Expatriate Turnover', Journal of International Business Studies, 23: 499-531.
45. Naylor, J.C., Pritchard, R.T. and Ilgen, D.R. (1980) A Theory of Behavior in Organizations. San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
46. Nicholson, N. and Imaizumi, A. (1993) 'The Adjustment of Japanese Expatriates to Living and Working in Britain', British Journal of Management, 4(2): 119-34.
47. Parker, B. and McEvoy, G. (1993) 'Initial Examination of a Model of Intercultural Adjustment', International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 17: 355-79.
48. Pinder, C.S. and Schroeder, K.G. (1987) 'Time to Proficiency Following Job Transfers', Academy of Management Journal, 30: 336-53.
49. Podsakoff, P.M., MacKenzie, S.B., Paine, J.B. and Bachrach, D.G. (2000) 'Organizational Citizenship Behaviors: A Critical Review of the Theoretical and Empirical Literature and Suggestions for Future Research', Journal of Management, 26(3): 513-63.
50. Porter, L.W. and Lawler, E.E. III (1968) Managerial Attitudes and Performance. Homewood, IL: Irwin.
51. Price, K.H. and Harrison, D.A. (1993) 'Variables Related to Social Loafing in Organizational Work Groups', presented at the Meetings of the Academy of Management, Atlanta, GA.
52. Robinson, S.L. and Bennet, R.J. (1995) 'A Typology of Deviant Workplace Behaviors: A Multi-dimensional Scaling Study', Academy of Management Journal, 38: 555-72.
53. Ronen, S. (1989) 'Training the International Assignee'. In Goldstein, L.L. (ed.) Training and Development in Organizations. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass, pp. 417-53.
54. Rotondo, D.M. and Perrewe, P.L. (2000) 'Coping with a Career Plateau: An Empirical Examination of What Works and What Doesn't', Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 30: 2622-46.
55. Rusbult, C.E., Farrell, D., Rogers, G. and Mainous, A.G. (1988) 'Impact of Exchange Variables on Exit Voice, Loyalty, and Neglect: An Integrative Model of Responses to Declining Job Dissatisfaction', Academy Management Journal, 31: 599-627.
56. Sanchez, JI., Spector, P.E. and Cooper, C.L. (2000) 'Adapting to a Boundaryless World: A Developmental Expatriate Model', Academy of Management Executive, 14(2): 96-106.
57. Selmer, J. (1999) 'Effects of Coping Strategies on Sociocultural and Psychological Adjustment of Western Expatriate Managers in the PRC', Journal of World Business, 34(1): 41-51.
58. Selmer J (2001a) 'Coping and Adjustment of Western Expatriate Managers in Hong Kong', Scandinavian Journal Management, 17: 167-85.
59. Selmer, J. (2001b) 'Psychological Barriers to Adjustment and How They Affect Coping Strategies: Western Business Expatriates in China', International Journal of Human Resource Management, 12(2): 151-65.
60. Selmer, J. (2002a) 'The Chinese Connection? Adjustment of Western vs. Overseas Chinese Expatriate Managers in China', Journal of Business Research, 55: 41-50.
61. Selmer, J. (2002b) 'Practice Makes Perfect? International Experience and Expatriate Adjustment', Management International Review, 42: 71-87.
62. Shaffer, M.A. and Harrison, D.A. (1998) 'Expatriates' Psychological Withdrawal from International Assignments: Work, Nonwork, and Family Influences', Personnel Psychology, 51: 1-24.
63. Shaffer, M.A., Harrison, D.A. and Gilley, K.M. (1999) 'Dimensions, Determinants, and Differences in the Expatriate Adjustment Process', Journal of International Business Studies, 30: 557-81.
64. Shaffer, M.A., Harrison, D.A., Gilley, K.M. and Luk, D. (2001) 'Struggling for Balance Amid Turbulence: Work, Family and Commitment in International Assignments', Journal of Management, 27: 100-21.
65. Sinangil, H.K. and Ones, D.S. (1997) 'Empirical Investigations of the Host Country Perspective in Expatriate Management'. In Aycan, Z. (ed.) New Approaches to Employee Management Expatriate Management: Theory and Research, Vol. 4. Stamford, CT: JAI Press, pp. 173-205.
66. Stephens, G.K. and Black, J.S. (1991) 'The Impact of Spouses Career-Orientation on Managers during International Transfers', Journal of Management Studies, 28: 417-28.
67. Stroh, L.K., Dennis, L.E. and Cramer, T.C. (1994) 'Predictors of Expatriate Adjustment', International Journal of Organizational Analysis, 2(2): 176-92.
68. Takeuchi, R., Yun, S. and Russell, J.E. (2002a) 'Antecedents and Consequences of the Perceived Adjustment of Japanese Expatriates in the USA', International Journal of Human Resource Management, 13: 1224-44.
69. Takeuchi, R., Yun, S. and Tesluk, P.E. (2002b) 'An Examination of Crossover and Spillover Effects of Spousal and Expatriate Cross-cultural Adjustment on Expatriate Outcomes', Journal of Applied Psychology, 87(4): 655-66.
70. Taylor, S. and Napier, N. (1996) 'Working in Japan: Lessons from Women Expatriates', Sloan Management Review, 37(3): 76-84.
71. Torbiorn, I. (1982) Living Abroad: Personal Adjustment and Personnel Policy in the Overseas Setting. New York: Wiley.
72. Tung, R.L. (1981) 'Selecting and Training Personnel for Overseas Assignments', Columbia Journal of World Business, 19: 68-78.
73. Vroom, V.H. (1964) Work Motivation. New York: Wiley.