Disorders of Emotion

Psychological Inquiry

Volumn 2, Issue 1, 1991, Pages 58-71

  Barlow, David Harrison ^a  

^a STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 27244462351     PISSN: 1047840X     EISSN: 15327965     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1207/s15327965pli0201_15     Document Type: Article

References (106)

1. Abramson, L. Y., Metalsky, G. I., & Alloy, L. B. (1989). Hopelessness and depression: A theory based subtype of depression. Psychological Review, 96, 358–392.
2. Adler, C. M., Craske, M. G., & Barlow, D. H. (1987, November). The use of modified relaxation in the experimental induction of anxiety and panic. Paper presented at the meeting of the Association for the Advancement of Behavior Therapy. Boston.
3. Akiskal, H. S. (1983). Dysthymic disorder: Psychopathology of proposed chronic depressive subtypes. American Journal of Psychiatry, 140, 11–20.
4. Alloy, L. B., Abramson, L. Y., & Viscusi, D. (1981). Induced mood and the illusion of control. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 41, 1129–1140.
5. Alloy, L. B., Kelly, K. A., Mineka, S., & Clements, C. M. (1990). Comorbidity of anxiety and depressive disorders: A helplessness-hopelessness perspective. In J. D. Maser & C. R. Cloninger (Eds.), Comorbidity of mood and anxiety disorders (pp. 499–543). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press.
6. American Psychiatric Association. (1987). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (3rd ed., rev.). Washington, DC: Author.
7. Avery, D. H., Osgood, T. B., Ishiki, D. M., Wilson, L. G., Kenny, M., & Dunnar, D. L. (1985). The DST in psychiatric outpatients with generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, or primary affective disorder. American Journal of Psychiatry, 142, 844–848.
8. Ballenger, J. C., Burrows, G. D., DuPont, R. L., Lesser, I. M., Noyes, R., Pecknold, J. C., Rifkin, A., & Swinson, R. P. (1988). Alprazolam in panic disorder and agoraphobia: Results from a multicenter trial: I. Efficacy in short term treatment. Archives of General Psychiatry, 45, 423–428.
9. Barlow, D. H. (1983, October). The classification of anxiety disorders. Paper presented at the conference “DSM-III: An Interim Appraisal,” sponsored by the American Psychiatric Association, Washington, DC.
10. Barlow, D. H. (1985). The dimensions of anxiety disorders. In A. H. Tuma & J. D. Maser (Eds.), Anxiety and the anxiety disorders (pp. 479–500). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.
11. Barlow, D. H. (1988). Anxiety and its disorders: The nature and treatment of anxiety and panic. New York: Guilford.
12. Barlow, D. H., & Craske, M. G. (1990). “Unexpected” panic and DSM-IV. Unpublished DSM-IV position paper, American Psychiatric Association, Washington, DC.
13. Barlow, D. H., Di Nardo, P. A., Vermilyea, B. B., Vermilyea, J. A., & Blanchard, E. B. (1986). Co-morbidity and depression among the anxiety disorders: Issues in diagnosis and classification. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 174, 63–72.
14. Barlow, D. H., Vermilyea, J. A., Blanchard, E. B. Vermilyea, B. B., Di Nardo, P. A., & Cerny, J. A. (1985). The phenomenon of panic. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 94, 320–328.
15. Beck, A. T. (1988). Cognitive approaches to panic disorder: Theory and therapy. In S. Rachman & J. D. Maser (Eds.), Panic: Psychological perspectives (pp. 91–109). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.
16. Beck, A. T., & Emery, G. (1985). Anxiety disorders and phobias: A cognitive perspective. New York: Basic.
17. Benshoof, B. G. (1987). A comparison of anxiety and depressive symptomatology in the anxiety and affective disorders. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, State University of New York at Albany.
18. Biaggio, M. K. (1987). Therapeutic management of anger. Clinical Psychology Review, 7, 663–675.
19. Borkovec, T. D., Shadick, R., & Hopkins, M. (in press). The nature of normal and pathological worry. In R. Rapee & D. H. Barlow (Eds.), Chronic anxiety and generalized anxiety disorder. New York: Guilford.
20. Breier, A., Charney, D. S., & Heninger, G. R. (1985). The diagnostic validity of anxiety disorders and their relationship to depressive illness. American Journal of Psychiatry, 142, 787–797.
21. Brown, T. A., & Cash, T. F. (1990). The phenomenon of nonclinical panic: Parameters of panic, fear and avoidance. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 4, 15–29.
22. Cannon, W. B. (1927). Bodily changes inpain, hunger, fear and rage (2nd ed.). New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts.
23. Charney, D. S., & Heninger, G. R. (1986). Abnormal regulation of noradrenergic function in panic disorders. Archives of General Psychiatry, 43, 1042–1054.
24. Chesney, M. A. (1985). Anger and hostility: Future implications for behavioral medicine. In M. A. Chesney & R. H. Rosenman (Eds.), Anger and hostility in cardiovascular and behavioral disorders (pp. 277–290). New York: Hemisphere.
25. Chesney, M. A. (1986, November). Type A behavior. Keynote address presented at the meeting of the Association for the Advancement of Behavior Therapy, Chicago.
26. Clark, D. M. (1988). A cognitive model of panic attacks. In S. Rachman & J. D. Maser (Eds.), Panic: Psychological perspectives (pp. 71–89). Hillsdale: NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.
27. Cloninger, C. R. (1986). A unified biosocial theory of personality and its role in the development of anxiety states. Psychiatric Development, 3, 167–226.
28. Cohen, A. S., Barlow, D. H., & Blanchard, E. B. (1985). The psychophysiology of relaxation associated panic attacks. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 94, 96–101.
29. Coryell, W., Noyes, R., Clancy, J., Crowe, R., & Chaudhry, D. (1985). Abnormal escape from dexamethasone suppression in agoraphobia with panic attacks. Psychiatry Research, 15, 301–311.
30. Crowe, R. R., Noyes, R., Pauls, D. L., & Slymen, D. J. (1983). Afamily study of panic disorder. Archives of General Psychiatry, 40, 1065–1069.
31. Di Nardo, P. A., & Barlow, D. H. (1990). Syndrome and symptom comorbidity in the anxiety disorders. In J. D. Maser & C. R. Cloninger (Eds.), Comorbidity of mood and anxiety disorders (pp. 205–230). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press.
32. Dobson, K. S. (1985). The relationship between anxiety and depression. Clinical Psychology Review, 5, 307–324.
33. Ehlers, A., & Margraf, J. (in press). The psychophysiological model of panic attacks. In P. M. G. Emmelkamp (Ed.), Anxiety disorders. Annual series of European research in behavior therapy. Vol. 4. Amsterdam: Swets.
34. Eysenck, H. J. (1967). (Ed.). The biological basis of personality. Springfield, IL: Thomas.
35. Eysenck, H. J. (1970). The structure of human personality. London: Methuen.
36. Eysenck, H. J. (1981). (Ed.). A model for personality. New York: Springer-Verlag.
37. Fridlund, A. J., Hatfield, M. E., Cottam, G. L., & Fowler, J. C. (1986). Anxiety and striate-muscle activation: Evidence from electromyographic pattern analysis. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 95, 228–236.
38. Gotlib, I. H. (1984). Depression and general psychopathology in university students. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 93, 19–30.
39. Gotlib, I. H., & Cane, D. B. (1989). Self-report assessment of depression and anxiety. In P. C. Kendall & D. Watson (Eds.), Anxiety and depression: Distinctive and overlapping features (pp. 131–169). New York: Academic.
40. Gray, J. A. (1982). The neuropsychology of anxiety. New York: Oxford University Press.
41. Gray, J. A. (1985). Issues in the neuropsychology of anxiety. In A. H. Tuma & J. D. Maser (Eds.), Anxiety and the anxiety disorders (pp. 5–25). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.
42. Hallam, R. S. (1985). Anxiety: Psychological perspectives on panic and agoraphobia. New York: Academic.
43. Hamilton, M. (1959). The assessment of anxiety states by rating. British Journal of Medical Psychology, 32, 50–55.
44. Hamilton, M. (1960). A rating scale for depression. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry, 23, 56–62.
45. Heimberg, R. G., Vermilyea, J. A., Dodge, C. S., Becker, R. E., & Barlow, D. H. (1987). Attributional style, depression, and anxiety: An evaluation of the specificity of depressive attributions. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 11, 537–550.
46. Izard, C. E. (1977). (Ed.). Human emotions. New York: Plenum.
47. Izard, C. E., & Blumberg, M. A. (1985). Emotion theory and the role of emotions in anxiety in children and adults. In A. H. Tuma & J. D. Maser (Eds.), Anxiety and the anxiety disorders (pp. 109–129). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.
48. Kahn, R. J., McNair, D. M., Lipman, R. S., Covi, L., Rickeis, K., Downing, R., Fisher, S., & Frankenthaler, L. M. (1986). Imipramine and clordiazepoxide in depressive and anxiety disorders. Archives of General Psychiatry, 143, 1172–1173.
49. Keller, M. B., & Lavori, P. W. (1984). Double depression, major depression and dysthymia: Distinct entities or different phases of a single disorder? Psychopharmacology Bulletin, 20, 399–402.
50. Keller, M. B., Lavori, P. W., Endicott, J., Coryell, W., & Klerman, G. L. (1983). “Double depression”: Two-year follow-up. American Journal of Psychiatry, 140, 689–694.
51. Keller, M. B., & Shapiro, R. W. (1982). “Double depression”: Superimposition of acute depressive episodes on chronic depressive disorders. American Journal of Psychiatry, 139, 438–442.
52. Kendall, P. C., & Watson, D. (Eds.). (1989). Anxiety and depression: Distinctive and overlapping features. San Diego: Academic.
53. Klein, D. F., Rabkin, J. G., & Gorman, J. M. (1985). Etiological and pathophysiological inferences from the pharmacological treatment of anxiety. In A. H. Tuma & J. D. Maser (Eds.), Anxiety and the anxiety disorders (pp. 501–532). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.
54. Klein, D. N., Taylor, E. B., Dickstein, S., & Harding, K. (1988). Primary early-onset dysthymia: Comparison with primary nonbipolar non-chronic major depression on demographic, clinical, familial, personality, and socioenvironmental characteristics and short-term outcome. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 97, 387–398.
55. Lang, P. J. (1979). A bio-information theory of emotional imagery. Psychophysiology, 16, 495–512.
56. Lang, P. J. (1984). Cognition in emotion: Concept and action. In C. Izard, J. Kagan, & R. B. Zajonc (Eds.), Emotion, cognition and behavior (pp. 192–225). New York: Cambridge University Press.
57. Lang, P. J. (1985). The cognitive psychophysiology of emotion: Fear and anxiety. In A. H. Tuma & J. D. Maser (Eds.), Anxiety and the anxiety disorders (pp. 131–170). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.
58. Leckman, J. F., Weissman, M. M., Merikangas, K. R., Pauls, D. L., & Prusoff, B. A. (1983). Panic disorder and major depression. A rchives of General Psychiatry, 40, 1055–1060.
59. Lee, M. A., & Cameron, O. G. (1986). Anxiety disorders, Type A behavior, and cardio-vascular disease. International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine, 16, 123–129.
60. Liddell, H. S. (1949). The role of vigilance in the development of animal neurosis. In P. Hoch & J. Zubin (Eds.), Anxiety (pp. 183–197). New York: Grune & Stratton.
61. MacLeod, C., Mathews, A., & Tata, P. (1986). Attentional bias in emotional disorders. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 95, 15–20.
62. Mandler, G. (1966). Anxiety. In D. L. Sills (Ed.), International encyclopedia of the social sciences. New York: Macmillan.
63. Mattes, J. A. (1986). Psychopharmacology of temper outbursts: A review. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 174, 464–470.
64. Mavissakalian, M. (1987). Initial depression and response to imipramine in agoraphobia. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 175, 358–361.
65. Mavissakalian, M., & Michelson, L. (1986). Agoraphobia: Relative and combined effectiveness of therapist-assisted in vivo exposure and imipramine. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 47, 117–122.
66. McCauley, P. A., Di Nardo, P. A., & Barlow, D. H. (1988, November). Cluster analysis application in anxiety disorders. Poster session conducted at the meeting of the Association for the Advancement of Behavior Therapy, Washington, DC.
67. Miller, I. W., Norman, W. H., & Dow, M. G. (1986). Psychosocial characteristics of “double depression.” American Journal of Psychiatry, 143, 1042–1044.
68. Mineka, S. (1985a)). Animal models of anxiety-based disorders: Their usefulness and limitations. In A. H. Tuma & J. D. Maser (Eds.), Anxiety and the anxiety disorders (pp. 199–244). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.
69. Mineka, S. (1985b)). The frightful complexity of the origins of fears. In Bruch & J. B. Overmier (Eds.), Affect, conditioning, and cognition: Essays on the determinants of behavior (pp. 55–73). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.
70. Mineka, S., Gunnar, M., & Champoux, M. (1986). Control and early socioemotional development: Infant rhesus monkeys reared in controllable versus uncontrollable environments. Child Development, 57, 1241–1256.
71. Mineka, S., & Kihlstrom, J. (1978). Unpredictable and uncontrollable aversive events. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 87, 256–271.
72. Norton, R. G., Dorward, J., & Cox, B. J. (1986). Factors associated with panic attacks in nonclinical subjects. Behavior Therapy, 17, 239–252.
73. Norton, G. R., Harrison, B., Hauch, J., & Rhodes, L. (1985). Characteristics of people with infrequent panic attacks. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 94, 216–221.
74. Novaco, R. W. (1975). Anger control: The development and evaluation of an experimental treatment. Lexington, MA: Heath.
75. Nutt, D. J. (1986). Increased central alpha adrenoceptor sensitivity in panic disorder. Psychopharmacology, 90, 268–269.
76. Ost, L. G., Lindahl, I. L., Sterner, U., & Jerremalm, A. (1984). Exposure in vivo vs. applied relaxation in the treatment of blood phobia. Behavior Research and Therapy, 22, 205–216.
77. Peterson, C., Semmel, A., von Baeyer, C., Abramson, L. Y., Metalsky, G. I., & Seligman, M. E. P. (1982). The Attributional Style Questionnaire. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 6, 287–299.
78. Post, R. M., Rubinow, D. R., & Ballenger, J. C. (1986). Conditioning and sensitization in the longitudinal course of affective illness. British Journal of Psychiatry, 149, 191–201.
79. Post, R. M., Rubinow, D. R., Uhde, T. W., Roy-Byrne, P., Linnoila, M., Rosoff, A., & Cowdry, R. (1989). Dysphoric mania: Clinical and biological correlates. Archives of General Psychiatry, 46, 353–358.
80. Puig-Antich, J., & Rabinovich, H. (1986). Relationship between affective and anxiety disorders in childhood. In R. G. Helman (Ed.), Anxiety disorders of childhood (pp. 136–156). New York: Wiley.
81. Rachman, S., & Levitt, K. (1985). Panics and their consequences. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 23, 585–600.
82. Rapee, R. (1985). A case of panic disorder treated with breathing retraining. Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Psychiatry, 16, 63–65.
83. Rapee, R., Ancis, J., & Barlow, D. H. (1987). Emotional reactions to physiological sensations: Comparison of panic disorder and nonclinical subjects. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 26, 265–269.
84. Reiman, E. M., Raichle, M. E., Robins, E., Butler, F. K., Herscovitch, P., Fox, D., & Perlmutter, J. (1986). The application of position emission tomography to the study of panic disorder. American Journal of Psychiatry, 143, 469–476.
85. Rickeis, K., Feighner, J. P., & Smith, W. T. (1985). Alprazolam and amitriptyline, doxepin and placebo in the treatment of depression. Archives of General Psychiatry, 42, 134–141.
86. Riskind, J. H., Beck, A. T., Brown, G., & Steer, R. A. (1987). Taking the measure of anxiety and depression: Validity of the reconstructed Hamilton scale. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 175, 474–479.
87. Roth, M., Gurney, C., Garside, R. F., & Kerr, T. A. (1972). Studiesinthe classification of affective disorders: Relationship between anxiety states and depressive illness—I. British Journal of Psychiatry, 121, 147–161.
88. Rotter, J. B. (1954). Social learning and clinical psychology. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
89. Salge, R. A., Beck, J. G., & Logan, A. C. (1988). A community survey of panic. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 2, 157–167.
90. Sanderson, W. C., Di Nardo, P. A., Rapee, R. M., & Barlow, D. H. (1990). Syndrome co-morbidity in patients diagnosed with a DSM-III-Revised anxiety disorder. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 99, 308–312.
91. Sanderson, W. C., Rapee, R. M., & Barlow, D. H. (1989). The influence of an illusion of control on panic attacks induced via inhalation of 5.5% carbon dioxide-enriched air. Archives of General Psychiatry, 46, 157–164.
92. Schweizer, E. E., Swenson, C. M., Winokur, A., Rickeis, K., & Maislin, G. (1986). The dexamethasone suppression test in generalized anxiety disorder. British Journal of Psychiatry, 149, 320–322.
93. Seligman, M. E. P. (1975). Helplessness. San Francisco: Freeman.
94. Spielberger, C. D., Gorsuch, R. L., & Lushene, R. E. (1970). Manualfor the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Palo Alto, CA: Consulting Psychologists Press.
95. Spielberger, C. D., Johnson, E. H., Russell, S. F., Crane, R. J., Jacobs, G. A., & Worden, T. J. (1985). The experience and expression of anger: Construction and validation of an anger expression scale. In M. A. Chesney & R. H. Rosenman (Eds.), Anger and hostility in cardiovascular and behavioral disorders (pp. 5–30). New York: Hemisphere/McGraw-Hill.
96. Spielberger, C. D., Krasner, S. S., & Solomon, E. P. (1988). The experience, expression, and control of anger. In M. P. Janisse (Ed.), Health psychology: Individual differences and stress. New York: Springer-Verlag.
97. Taylor, C. B., Sheikh, J., Agras, W. S., Roth, W. T., Margraf, J., Ehlers, A., Maddock, R. J., & Gossard, D. (1986). Self-report of panic attacks: Agreement with heart rate changes. American Journal of Psychiatry, 143, 478–482.
98. Teasdale, J. D. (1985). Psychological treatments for depression: How do they work? Behaviour Research and Therapy, 23, 157–165.
99. Tellegen, A. (1985). Structures of mood and personality and their relevance to assessing anxiety, with an emphasis on self-report. In A. H. Tuma & J. D. Maser (Eds.), Anxiety and the anxiety disorders (pp. 681–706). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.
100. Torgersen, S. (1983). Genetic factors in anxiety disorders. Archives of General Psychiatry. 40, 1085–1089.
101. Watson, D., Clark, L. A., & Carey, G. (1988). Positive and negative affectivity and their relation to anxiety and depressive disorders. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 97, 346–353.
102. Weissman, M. M. (1985). The epidemiology of anxiety disorders: Rates, risks and familial patterns. In A. H. Tuma & J. D. Maser (Eds.), Anxiety and the anxiety disorders (pp. 275–296). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.
103. Wittchen, H. U. (1986). Epidemiology of panic attacks and panic disorders. In I. Hand & H. U. Wittchen (Eds.), Panic and phobias: Empirical evidence of theoretical models and longterm effects of behavioral treatments (pp. 18–28). Springer-Verlag.
104. Yerkes, R. M., & Dodson, J. D. (1908). The relation of strength of stimulus to rapidity of habit-formation. Journal of Comparative Neurology and Psychology, 18, 459–482.
105. Zillmann, D. (1983). Arousal and aggression. In R. G. Geen & E. Donnerstein (Eds.), Aggression: Theoretical and empirical reviews (Vol. 1). New York: Academic.
106. Zung, W. W. (1965). A self-rating depression scale. Archives of General Psychiatry, 12, 63–70.