The office of the United Nations high commissioner for refugees and internally displaced persons

Refugee Survey Quarterly

Volumn 24, Issue 3, 2005, Pages 71-83

  Phuong, Catherine ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF NEWCASTLE   (Australia)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

REFUGEE;

EID: 27144504198     PISSN: 10204067     EISSN: 1471695X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/rsq/hdi054     Document Type: Article

References (88)

1. See Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees, 28 July 1951, 189 U.N.T.S. 150, hereinafter the 1951 Convention.
2. Distinction used by P. Kourula, Broadening the edges: Refugee definition and international protection revisited (The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 1997), 174-183.
3. See C. Harvey, Seeking asylum in the UK problems and prospects (London: Butterworths, 2000), 142.
4. See GA Res. 1388 (XIV), 20 November 1959.
5. See for instance, GA Res. 1673 (XVI), 8 December 1961.
6. G. Goodwin-Gill, The refugee in international law (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 2nd ed., 1996), 12.
7. G. Loescher, The UNHCR and world politics: A perilous path (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001), 144-145.
8. GA Res. 2958 (XXVII), 12 December 1972.
9. This justification was explicitly mentioned for instance in GA Res. 2956 (XXVII), 12 December 1972, para.2 and GA Res. 31/35, 30 November 1976.
10. See UNHCR, Global refugee trends 2004: Overview of refugee populations, new arrivals, durable solutions, asylum-seekers, stateless and other persons of concern to UNHCR (Geneva: UNHCR, 2005), Table 1.
11. Convention governing the Specific Aspects of Refugee Problems in Africa, 1001 U.N.T.S. 45, hereinafter the 1969 OAU Convention, and Cartagena Declaration on Refugees, 22 November 1984, OAS/Ser.L/V/II.66, doc.10, rev. 1. 190, hereinafter the 1984 Cartagena Declaration.
12. See the 1954 Convention relating to the status of stateless persons, 360 U.N.T.S. 117.
13. On UNHCR's mandate, see V. Türk, "The role of UNHCR in the development of international refugee law", in F. Nicholson and P. Twomey (eds.), Refugee rights and realities: Evolving concepts and regimes (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999), 153-174, at 154-159.
14. For a description of these operations, see UNHCR, UNHCR's operational experience with internally displaced persons (Geneva: UNHCR, 1994), 3-15.
15. See Loescher, The UNHCR and global politics, 288.
16. UNHCR, Global refugee trends 2004, Table 1.
17. See Note on International Protection, A/AC.96/799, 25 July 1992, para.33.
18. See also EXCOM Conclusion No. 68 (XLII) - 1992, General conclusion on international protection.
19. See GA Res. 47/105, 16 December 1992.
20. UNHCR's role with internally displaced persons, IOM/33/93-FOM/33/93, 28 April 1993, para.7.
21. Ibid., para.8.
22. See Note on International Protection, A/AC.96/815, 31 August 1993, para.46.
23. See GA Res. 48/116, 20 December 1993.
24. See EXCOM Conclusion No. 75 (XLV) - 1994, Internally displaced persons, para.(j).
25. GA Res. 48/116, 20 December 1993, para.12.
26. Protection aspects of UNHCR activities on behalf of internally displaced persons, EC/SCP/87, 17 August 1994, para.15.
27. Ibid., para. 16.
28. See UNHCR, Consistent and predictable responses to IDPs - a review of UNHCR's decision-making process, EPAU/2005/2, March 2005, 5.
29. GA Res. 53/125, 9 December 1998, para.16.
30. Ibid.
31. UNHCR's role with internally displaced persons, IOM/33/93-FOM/33/93, 28 April 1993, para.3.
32. See also Protection aspects of UNHCR activities on behalf of internally displaced persons, EC/SCP/87, 17 August 1994, para.9.
33. See Loescher, The UNHCR and global politics, 294.
34. See for instance T.G. Weiss and A. Pasic, "Dealing with the displacement and suffering caused by Yugoslavia's wars", in R. Cohen and F.M. Deng (eds.), The forsaken people (Washington D.C.: Brookings Institution, 1998), 175-231, at 221.
35. Protection aspects of UNHCR activities on behalf of internally displaced persons, EC/SCP/87, 17 August 1994, para.17.
36. See Loescher, The UNHCR and global politics, 294.
37. Ibid., 294.
38. See UNHCR, Consistent and predictable responses to IDPs, 48.
39. See Loescher, The UNHCR and global politics, 295.
40. See UNHCR, Internally displaced persons: The role of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, EC/50/SC/INF.2, 20 July 2000.
41. See G. Goodwin-Gill, "UNHCR and internal displacement: Stepping into legal and political minefield", World Refugee Survey 2000, .
42. See for instance GA Res. 55/74, 4 December 2000, para.20. No mention was made of internally displaced persons in the annual resolutions on UNHCR in subsequent years.
43. UNHCR, UNHCR's operational experience, 34.
44. Ibid., 75-76.
45. See the Address by the High Commissioner, reproduced in Norwegian Refugee Council & Refugee Policy Group, Norwegian government roundtable discussion on United Nations human rights protection for internally displaced persons, Nyon, Switzerland, February 1993 (Washington D.C.: Refugee Policy Group, 1993), 81-87.
46. See Comprehensive study prepared by Mr. Francis M. Deng, Representative of the Secretary-General on the human rights issues related to internally displaced persons, E/CN.4/1993/35, 21 January 1993, para.285.
47. See for instance Internally displaced persons, Report of the Representative of the Secretary-General, Mr. Francis M. Deng, E/CN.4/ 1996/52, 22 February 1996, para.16.
48. See L.M.E. Sheridan, "Institutional arrangements for the coordination of humanitarian assistance in complex emergencies of forced migration" (2000) 14 Georgetown Immigration Law Journal 941, at 953.
49. See R. Cohen and F.M. Deng, Masses inflight, the global crisis of internal displacement (Washington D.C.: The Brookings Institution, 1998), 170.
50. Address by the High Commissioner, reproduced in Norwegian Refugee Council & Refugee Policy Group, Norwegian government roundtable discussion.
51. See for instance Internally displaced persons, Report of the Representative of the Secretary-General Mr. Francis M. Deng, Profiles in displacement: Colombia, E/CN.4/1995/50/Add.1, 3 October 1994, para.103.
52. R. Holbrooke, Statement at Cardozo Law School on refugees and internally displaced persons, USUN press release #44 (00), 28 March 2000.
53. See also R. Holbrooke, "A borderline difference", Washington Post, 8 May 2000.
54. Holbrooke, Statement at Cardozo Law School.
55. See S. Ogata, "Protecting people on the move", Address by the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, sponsored by the Center for the Study of International Organization, New York, 18 July 2000.
56. See UNHCR, Internally displaced persons: The role of the High Commissioner.
57. See G. Goodwin-Gill, "Refugee identity and protection's fading prospect", in Nicholson and Twomey (eds.), Refugee rights and realities, 220-249, at 246.
58. Goodwin-Gill, "Refugee identity", 227-228.
59. See also S.A. Cunliffe, and M. Pugh, "UNHCR as leader in humanitarian assistance: A triumph of politics over law?", in Nicholson and Twomey (eds.), Refugee rights and realities, 175-199.
60. Goodwin-Gill, "UNHCR and internal displacement".
61. P. Rudge, The need for a more focused response: European donor policies toward internally displaced persons, Brookings Institution, NRC and USCR, January 2002, 19.
62. See for instance the comments of the Russian Federation's delegate in EXCOM in A/AC.96/SR-562, 9 October 2002.
63. See M. Barutciski, "The reinforcement of non-admission policies and the subversion of UNHCR: Displacement and internal assistance in Bosnia-Herzegovina, 1992-1994" (1996) 8 International Journal of Refugee Law 49, at 58.
64. M. Barutciski, "A critical view on UNHCR's mandate dilemmas" (2002) 14 International Journal of Refugee Law 365, at 368.
65. See for instance E.D. Mooney, "In-country protection: Out of bounds for UNHCR?", in Nicholson and Twomey (eds.), Refugee rights and realities, 200-219.
66. Ibid., 205.
67. See for instance R. Cohen, "Internally displaced persons: An extended role for UNHCR", discussion paper for UNHCR, International Conference "People of concern", 21-24 November 1996.
68. Cohen and Deng, Masses in flight, p.171.
69. See "Interview with Francis Deng", Refugees Magazine, issue 117 (1999).
70. See for instance S.A. Cunliffe and M. Pugh, "The politicisation of UNHCR in the former Yugoslavia" (1997) 10 Journal of Refugee Studies 134.
71. See article 8 of UNHCR's statute.
72. On UNHCR's role as lead agency, see Cunliffe and Pugh, "The politicisation of UNHCR".
73. UNHCR, UNHCR's programme for internally displaced people in Angola: A joint Danida/UNHCR review, EPAU/2001/04, May 2001, para.75.
74. See Report by the High commissioner to the General Assemby on strengthening the capacity of the Office of the High Commissioner for Refugees to carry out its mandate, A/AC.96/980, 20 August 2003, para.29.
75. See for instance UNHCR, UNHCR's programme for internally displaced people in Angola, paras.94-98, and
76. UNHCR, UNHCR's programme for internally displaced persons in Sri Lanka: report of a joint appraisal mission by the UK Department for International Development and UNHCR, EPAU/2002/04, May 2002, paras.21-25.
77. See for instance UNHCR, Evaluation of UNHCR's programme for internally displaced persons in Colombia, EPAU/2003/03, May 2003, para.19.
78. See UNHCR, Evaluation of UNHCR's programme for internally displaced persons in Colombia, para.21.
79. Report by the High commissioner to the General Assemby on strengthening the capacity of the Office of the High Commissioner for Refugees to carry out its mandate, A/AC.96/980, 20 August 2003, para.27.
80. See for instance UNHCR, Internally displaced persons: The role of the High Commissioner.
81. See UNHCR, Consistent and predictable responses to IDPs, 48.
82. Ibid, 51-52.
83. See S. Martin, "Making the UN work: Forced migration and institutional reform" (2004) 17 Journal of Refugee Studies 301.
84. Ibid, 314.
85. See W. Maley, "A new Tower of Babel? Reappraising the architecture of refugee protection", in E. Newman and J. van Selm (eds.), Refugees and forced displacement: International security, human vulnerability, and the State (Tokyo: United Nations University Press, 2003), 306-329.
86. Ibid, 320.
87. I. Martin, "A new frontier: The early experience and future of international human rights field operations" (1998) 16 Netherlands Quarterly of Human Rights 121, at 125.
88. See UNHCR, Protection and solutions in situations of internal displacement: Learning from UNHCR's operational experience, EPAU/2002/ 10, August 2002, 4.