ESTs stumble at the utility threshold

Nature Biotechnology

Volumn 23, Issue 10, 2005, Pages 1227-1229

  Davis, Paula K ^a   Kelley, James J ^a   Caltrider, Steven P ^a   Heinig, Stephen J ^b  

^a ELI LILLY AND COMPANY   (United States)

^b ASSOCIATION OF AMERICAN MEDICAL COLLEGES   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS; INDUSTRIAL MANAGEMENT; PATENTS AND INVENTIONS;

REAL WORLD UTILITY; UTILITY GUIDELINES;

BIOTECHNOLOGY;

DNA;

CLINICAL RESEARCH; DNA POLYMORPHISM; DNA SEQUENCE; EXPRESSED SEQUENCE TAG; GENE SEQUENCE; GENOME ANALYSIS; HUMAN GENOME; NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE; PATENT; PRACTICE GUIDELINE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; SEQUENCE ANALYSIS;

EXPRESSED SEQUENCE TAGS; GUIDELINE ADHERENCE; GUIDELINES; PATENTS; UNITED STATES;

EID: 27144444769     PISSN: 10870156     EISSN: 15461696     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1038/nbt1005-1227     Document Type: Review

References (11)

1. Adams, M.A. et al. Science 252, 1651-1656 (1991).
2. Shreeve, J. The Genome War, p. 85 (Alfred A. Knopf, New York, 2004).
3. The first patent based upon ESTs was granted to Incyte Genomics in 1998. See Patenting ESTs: Is it worth it? Nat. Genet. 21, 145-146 (1999).
4. Eisenberg, R.S. Academic Medicine 77, part 2, 1381-1387 (2002).
5. 383 US 519 (1966).
6. Doll, J.J. Science 280, 689-690 (1998).
7. 64 FR 71440 (1999).
8. USPTO. Revised Interim Utility Guidelines Training Materials (USPTO, Washington, DC, 1999). http://www.uspto.gov/web/menu/utility.pdf. Example 9 is titled "DNA Fragments."
9. Letter of Bruce Alberts to Q. Todd Dickinson, dated March 22, 2000. http://www.uspto.gov/web/offices/com/sol/comments/utilguide/nas.pdf.
10. USPTO. Utility Examination Guidelines, 66 FR 1092 (USPTO, Washington, DC, Jan. 5, 2001).
11. An invention is obvious in the US (and thus not patentable) if the differences between it and what is known in the art are such that the invention would be obvious to a person of ordinary skill in the pertinent field. The "inventive step" requirement is a similar mandate for patenting outside of the US.