Judge nonverbal communication on trial: Do mock trial jurors notice?

Journal of Communication

Volumn 55, Issue 2, 2005, Pages 209-224

  Burnett, Ann ^a   Badzinski, Diane M ^b  

^a NORTH DAKOTA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b Bethel College   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

COMMUNICATION;

EID: 26844578790     PISSN: 00219916     EISSN: 14602466     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/joc/55.2.209     Document Type: Article

References (60)

1. Anthony, P. K., & Vinson, D. E. (1987). Nonverbal communication in the courtroom: You don't say! Trial Diplomacy Journal, 39, 35-37.
2. Aron R., Fast, J., & Klein, R. B. (1986). Trial communication skills Colorado Springs, CO: Shepard's/McGraw-Hill.
3. Badzinski, D. M., & Pettus, A. B. (1994). Nonverbal involvement and sex: Effects on jury decision making. Journal of Applied Communication Research, 22, 309-321.
4. Bennett, C. E., & Hirschhorn, R. B. (1993). Bennett's guide to jury selection and trial dynamics in civil and criminal litigation. (E. Gordon, Ed.). St. Paul, MN: West.
5. Blanck, P. D. (1987). The "process" of field research in the courtroom: A descriptive analysis. Law and Human Behavior, 11, 337-358.
6. Blanck, P. D. (1991). What empirical research tells us: Studying judges' and juries' behavior. American University Law Review, 40, 775-804.
7. Blanck, P. D. (1993a). Calibrating the scales of justice: Studying judges' behavior in bench trials. Indiana Law Journal, 68, 1119-1198.
8. Blanck, P. D. (1993b). Interpersonal expectations in the courtroom: Studying judges' and juries' behavior. In P. D. Blanck (Ed.), Interpersonal expectations: Theory, research and application (pp. 64-87). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
9. Blanck, P. D., & Rosenthal, R. (1992). Nonverbal behavior in the courtroom. In R. Feldman (Ed.), Application of nonverbal behavioral theories and research (pp. 89-115). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
10. Blanck, P. D., Rosenthal, R., & Cordell, L. H. (1985) The appearance of justice: Judges' verbal and nonverbal behavior in criminal jury trials. Stanford Law Review, 38, 89-136, 157-158.
11. Blanck, P. D., Rosenthal, R., Hart, A. J., & Bernieri, F. (1990). The measure of the judge: An empirically-based framework for exploring trial judges' behavior. Iowa Law Review, 75, 653-684.
12. Bornstein, B. H. (1999). The ecological validity of jury simulations: Is the jury still out? Law and Human Behavior, 23, 75-91.
13. Bridgeman, D. L., & Marlowe, D. (1979) Jury decision-making: An empirical study based on actual felony trials. Journal of Applied Psychology, 64, 91-98.
14. Burgoon, J. K., Birk, T., & Pfau, M. (1990). Nonverbal behaviors, persuasion, and credibility. Human Communication Research, 17, 140-169.
15. Burgoon, J. K., & Hale, J. L. (1987). Validation and measurement of the fundamental themes of relational communication. Communication Monographs, 54, 19-41.
16. Burnett, A., & Badzinski, D. M. (2000). An exploratory study of argument in the jury decision-making process. Communication Quarterly, 48, 380-396.
17. Cegala, D. J., & Sillars, A. L. (1989). Further examination of nonverbal manifestations of interaction involvement. Communication Reports, 2 39-47.
18. Coker, D. A., & Burgoon, J. K. (1987). The nature of conversational involvement and nonverbal coding patterns. Human Communication Research, 13, 463-494.
19. Connor, L. L. (1965) The trial judge, his facial expressions, gestures, and general demeanor - Their effect on the administration of justice. Trial Law Guide, 9, 251-271.
20. Connor, L. L. (1974). The trial judge's demeanor: Its impact on the jury. The Judge's Journal, 13, 2-3.
21. Cordell, L. H., & Keller, F. O. (1993). Pay no attention to the woman behind the bench: Musing of a trial court judge. Indiana Law Journal, 68, 1199-1207.
22. Diamond, S. S. (1997). Illuminations and shadows from jury simulations. Law and Human Behavior, 21, 561-571.
23. Edinger, J. A., & Patterson, M. L. (1983). Nonverbal involvement and social control. Psychological Bulletin, 93, 30-56.
24. Fincham, F. D., & Bradbury, T. D. (1992). Attributions and behavior in marital interaction. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 63 613-628.
25. Fishfader, V. L., Howells, G. N., Katz, R. C., & Teresi, P. S. (1996). Evidential and extralegal factors in jurors decisions: Presentation mode, retention, and level of emotionality. Law and Human Behavior, 20, 565-572.
26. Givens, D. B. (1980). The way others see us. The Judges' Journal, 19 20-24, 41.
27. Glaser, B. G., & Strauss, A. L. (1967). The discovery of grounded theory: Strategies for qualitative research. New York: Aldine Press.
28. Harrigan, J. A. (1985). Listeners' body movements and speaking turns. Communication Research, 12, 233-250.
29. Hart, A. J. (1995). Naturally occurring expectation effects. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 68, 109-115.
30. Hill v. State, 153 Tex Crim. 105 (1948).
31. Kelley, J. E. (1994). Addressing juror stress: A trial judge's perspective. Drake Law Review, 43, 97-125.
32. LaCrosse, M. B. (1975) Nonverbal behavior and perceived counselor attractiveness and persuasiveness. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 22, 563-566.
33. Lamb, R. R. (1992). When courts videotape proceedings. Trial, 28, 44-47.
34. Landis, J. R., & Koch, G. G. (1977). The measurement of observer agreement for categorical data. Biometrics, 33, 159-174.
35. Lee, D. Y., Uhlemann, M. R., & Haase, R. F. (1985) Counselor verbal and nonverbal responses and perceived expertness, trustworthiness, and attractiveness. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 32, 181-187.
36. LeVan, E. A. (1984). Nonverbal communication in the courtroom: Attorney beware. Law and Psychology Review, 8, 83-104.
37. Manusov, V., & Harvey, J. H. (2001). Attribution, communication behavior, and close relationships. New York: Cambridge University Press.
38. Marcotte, P. (1986). Body language: Do judges give silent cues? ABA Journal, 72, 30.
39. Mehrabian, A., & Williams, M. (1969). Nonverbal concomitants of perceived and intended persuasiveness. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 13, 37-58.
40. Middleton, M. (1981). Courtroom kinesics: What judges don't say. ABA Journal, 67, 699.
41. Miller, G. R., Bender, D., Florence, T., & Nicholson, H. (1974). Real versus reel: What's the verdict? Journal of Communication, 24, 99-111.
42. Miller, G. R., Fontes, N. E., Boster, F. J., & Sunnafrank, M. J. (1983). Methodological issues in legal communication research: What can trial simulations tell us? Communication Monographs, 50, 33-46.
43. Muth, B. (1994). The effects of judges' nonverbal communication on juries' decision making: Observations and suggestions. Unpublished manuscript, University of Nebraska College of Law, Lincoln.
44. "Note." (1975) Judges' nonverbal behavior in jury trials: A threat to judicial impartiality. Virginia Law Review, 61, 1266-1298.
45. Patterson, M. L. (1982). A sequential functional model of nonverbal exchange. Psychological Review, 89, 231-249.
46. Patterson, M. L. (1983). Nonverbal behavior: A functional perspective New York: Springer-Verlag.
47. Patterson, M. L. (1987). Presentational and affect-management functions of nonverbal involvement. Journal of Nonverbal Behavior, 11, 110-120.
48. Pettus, A. B. (1990). The verdict is in: A study of jury decision making factors, moment of personal decision, and jury deliberations - from the jurors' point of view. Communication Quarterly, 38, 83-97.
49. Pryor, B., & Buchanan, R. W. (1984). The effects of a defendant's demeanor on juror perceptions of credibility and guilt. Journal of Communication, 34(3), 92-99.
50. Pryor, B., Taylor, K. P., Buchanan, R., & Strawn, D. (1980). An affective-cognitive consistency explanation for comprehension of standard jury instructions. Communication Monographs, 47, 68-76.
51. Rasicot, J. (1983). Jury selections, body language, and the visual trial. Minneapolis, MN: AB Publications.
52. Remland, M. W., & Jones, T. S. (1989). The effects of nonverbal involvement and communication apprehension on state anxiety, interpersonal attraction, and speech duration. Communication Quarterly, 37, 170-183.
53. Samuels, A. (1982). Judicial misconduct in the criminal trial. Criminal Law Review, 1982, 221-227.
54. Smith, L. J., & Malandro, L. A. (1985) Courtroom communication strategies. New York: Kluwer.
55. State v. Barron, 465 S.W.2d 523 (Mo. Ct. App. 1971).
56. Stephens, R. F. (1986). Kentucky courts go video. American Journal of Trial Advocacy, 9, 359-367.
57. Thompson, W. C. (1993). Research on jury decision making: The state of the science. In N. J. Castellan, Jr. (Ed.), Individual and group decision making: Current issues (pp. 203-218). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
58. U.S. v. Dellinger, 472 F.2d 340 (7th Cir., 1972).
59. U.S. v. Johnson, 527 F.2d 1107 (4th Cir., 1975).
60. Victim and Witness Protection Act of 1982, 18 USCS sec, 1503, Pub. L. No. 97-291, Pub. L. No. 96 Stat. 1248 (1982, rev. 1994).