Online infrared detection of inclusions and lack of penetration during welding

Materials Evaluation

Volumn 63, Issue 9, 2005, Pages 933-937

  Venkatraman, B ^a   Raj, Baldev ^a   Menaka, M ^a  

^a INDIRA GANDHI CENTRE FOR ATOMIC RESEARCH   (India)

Author keywords

Infrared thermal imaging; Lack of penetration; Tungsten inclusion; Welding

Indexed keywords

ELECTRIC ARC WELDING; INCLUSIONS; INFRARED DETECTORS; ONLINE SYSTEMS; RADIOGRAPHY; THERMOGRAPHY (IMAGING);

INFRARED THERMAL IMAGING; LACK OF PENETRATION; TEMPERATURE DISTRIBUTIONS; TUNGSTEN INCLUSION;

WELDING;

EID: 26844431632     PISSN: 00255327     EISSN: None     Source Type: Trade Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Review

References (18)

1. Banerjee, P., S. Govardhan, H.C. Wikle, J.Y.Liu and B.A. Chin, "Infrared Sensing for On-line Weld Process Monitoring and Control," Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering, 1993, Vol. 115, pp. 907-918.
2. Bangs, E.R., "Infrared Signature Analysis: Real Time Monitoring of Manufacturing Processes," Thermal Sensing for Diagnostics and Control (Thermosense X): SPIE Proceedings, Vol. 934, Bellingham, Washington, SPIE, 1988, pp. 111-119.
3. Bates, B.E. and D.E. Hardt, "A Real-time Calibrated Thermal Model for Closed Loop Weld Bead Geometry Control," Journal of Dynamic Systems Measurement and Control, Vol. 107, 1985, pp. 25-33.
4. Bentley, A.E. and S.J. Marburger, "Arc Welding Penetration Control Using Quantitative Feedback Theory," Welding Journal, Vol. 71, 1992, pp. 397s-405s.
5. Chen, W.H. and B.A. Chin, "Monitoring Joint Penetration Using Infrared Sensing Techniques," Welding Journal, Vol. 69, 1990, pp. 181s-185s.
6. Chin, B.A., N.H. Madsen and J.S. Goodling, "Infrared Thermography for Sensing the Arc Welding Process," Welding Journal, Vol. 62, 1983, pp. 227s-234s.
7. Doumanidis, C.C. and D.E. Hardt, "A Model for In-process Control of Thermal Properties during Welding," Journal of Dynamic Systems Measurement and Control, Vol. 1, 1989, pp. 40-50.
8. Doumanidis, C.C. and D.E. Hardt, "Simultaneous In-process Control of Heat Affected Zone and Cooling Rate during Arc Welding," Welding Journal, Vol. 69, 1990, pp. 186s-196s.
9. Doumanidis, C.C. and D.E. Hardt, "Multivariable Adaptive Control of Thermal Properties during Welding," Journal of Dynamic Systems Measurement and Control, Vol. 113, 1991, pp. 82-92.
10. Fuchs, E.A., L.A. Bertram, A.E. Bentley and S.J. Marburger, "Evaluation of Feedback Parameters for Weld Process Control," Thermal Sensing for Diagnostics and Control (Thermosense XV): SPIE Proceedings, Bellingham, Washington, SPIE, 1992, pp. 155-159.
11. Govardhan, S.M. and B.A. Chin, "Adaptive Penetration Control Using Infrared Measured Temperature Gradients," Proceedings of Thermosense XV, Bellingham, Washington, SPIE, 14-16 April 1993, pp. 93-101.
12. Khan, M.A., N.H. Madsen, J.S. Goodling and B.A. Chin, "Infrared Thermography As a Control for the Welding Process," Optical Engineering, Vol. 25, 1986, pp. 799-805.
13. Nagarajan, S., W.H. Chen and B.A. Chin, "Infrared Sensing for Adaptive Arc Welding," Welding Journal, Vol. 68, 1989, pp. 462s-466s.
14. Nagarajan, S., P. Banerjee, W.H. Chen and B.A. Chin, "Control of the Welding Process Using Infrared Sensors," IEEE Transactions on Robotics Automation, Vol. 8, 1992, pp. 86-93.
15. Ramsey, P.W, J.J. Chyle, J.N. Kuhr, P.S. Myers, M. Weiss and W. Groth, "Infrared Temperature Sensing Systems for Automatic Fusion Welding," Welding Journal, Vol. 42, 1963, pp. 337s-346s.
16. Smith, C.J., "Self-adaptive Control of Penetration in a Tungsten Inert Gas Weld," Advances in Welding Processes: Third International Conference, J.C. Needham, ed., Cambridge, The Welding Institute, 1974, pp. 272-277.
17. Song, J.B. and D.E. Hardt, "Estimation of Weld Bead Depth for In-process Control," Proceedings of the Symposium on Automation of Manufacturing Processes, K. Danai and S. Malkin, eds., New York, ASME, 1990, pp. 39-45.
18. Wang, Y. and B.A. Chin, "On-line Sensing of Weld Penetration Using Infrared Thermography," Optical Techniques for Industrial Inspection, Vol. 34, 1986, pp. 314-320.