Hazard assessment of ackee fruit (Blighia sapida)

Human and Ecological Risk Assessment (HERA)

Volumn 4, Issue 5, 1998, Pages 1175-1187

  Henry, Sara Hale ^a   Page, Samuel W ^a,b   Michael Bolger, P ^a  

^a CENTER FOR DRUG EVALUATION AND RESEARCH   (United States)

^b NONE   (United States)

Author keywords

Fruit; Hypoglycin; Ingestion; Risk; Susceptible; Toxicity

Indexed keywords

EID: 26444541976     PISSN: 10807039     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/10807039891285045     Document Type: Article

References (27)

1. Addae, J.I. and Melville, G.N. 1988. A re-examination of the mechanism of ackee-induced vomiting sickness. West Ind. Med. J. 37, 6-8.
2. Billington, D., Osmundsen, H., and Sherratt, H.S. 1978. Mechanisms of the metabolic disturbances caused by hypoglycin and by pent-4-enoic acid in vivo studies. Biochem. Pharmacol. 27, 2891-2900.
3. Brown, M., Bates, R.P., McGowan, C., and Cornell, J.A. 1992. Influence of fruit maturity on the hypoglycin A level in ackee (Blighia sapida). J. Food Safety 12, 167-177.
4. Chase, G. W., Jr., Landen, W.O., Gelbaum, L.T., and Soliman, A.M. 1989. Ion-exchange chromatographic determination of hypoglycin A in canned ackee fruit. J. Assoc. Off. Anal. Chem. 72, 374-377.
5. Golden, K.D., Kean, E.A., and Terry, S.I. 1984. Jamaican vomiting sickness: a study of two adult cases. Clin. Chim. Acta 142, 293-298.
6. Hill, K.R. 1952. The vomiting sickness of Jamaica: a review. W. Indian Med. J. 1, 243-264.
7. von Holt, C. 1966. Methylenecyclopropylacetic acid, a metabolite of hypoglycin. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 125, 1-10.
8. Kean, E.A. 1988. Commentary on a review on the mechanism of ackee-induced vomiting sickness. West Ind. Med. J. 37, 139-142.
9. Kean, E.A. and Rainford, I.J. (1973). Investigation of hepatic ATP and glucose 6-phosphate as indices of hypoglycin toxicity. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 297, 31-36.
10. Jelliffe, D.B. and Stuart, K.L. 1954. Acute toxic hypoglycemia in the vomiting sickness of Jamaica. Brit. Med. J. 1, 175-177.
11. Lai, M., Liu, L., and Liu, H. 1991. Mechanistic study on the inactivation of general acyl-Co-A dehydrogenase by a metabolite of hypoglycin A. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 113, 7388-7397.
12. Lai, M., Li, D., Oh, E., and Liu, H. 1993. Inactivation of medium-chain acyl-Co-A dehydrogenase by a metabolite of hypoglycin: characterization of the major turnover product and evidence suggesting an alternative flavin modification pathway. J. Am Chem. Soc. 115, 5, 1619-1628.
13. Manchester, K.L. 1974. Biochemistry of hypoglycin. FEBS Lett. 40 (Suppl.), S133-139.
14. McKerns, K.W., Bird, H.H., Kaleita, E., Coulomb, B.S., and De Renzo, E.C. 1960. Effects of hypoglycin on certain aspects of glucose and fatty acid metabolism in the rat. Biochem. Pharmacol. 3, 305-315.
15. McTague, J.A. and Forney, R., Jr. 1994. Jamaican vomiting sickness in Toledo, Ohio. Ann. Emerg. Med. 23, 5, 1116-1118.
16. Melville, G. N. and Addae, J.I. 1988. Effects of ackee fruit extracts on bronchomotor tone in rats. West Ind. J. 37, 97-99.
17. Mills, J., Melville, G.N., Bennett, C., West, J., and Castro, A. 1987. Effect of hypoglycin A on insulin release. Biochem. Pharmacol. 36, 4, 495-497.
18. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. Toxic hypoglycemic syndrome - Jamaica, 1989-1991. January 31, 1992, 41, 4, 53-55.
19. Morton, J.F. 1977. Poisonous and injurious higher plants and fungi. In: Forensic Mediane. Vol. III. Environmental Hazards, pp. 1456-1532. (Tedeschi, C.G., Eckert, W.G., and Tedeschi, L.G., Eds.)
20. Osmundsen, H., Billington, D., Taylor, J.R., and Sherratt, H.S.A. 1978. The effects of hypoglycin on glucose metabolism in the rat. Biochem. J. 170, 337-342.
21. Patrick, S.J. and Stewart, L. C. 1964. Effects of hypoglycin A on the metabolism of amino acids by liver slices. Can. J. Biochem. 42, 139-142.
22. Sherratt, H.S.A. 1986. Hypoglycin, the famous toxin of the unripe Jamaican ackee fruit. Trends in Pharm. Sci. 7, 186-191.
23. Shih, V.E. and Tanaka, K. 1978. Plasma and urinary amino acid changes in rats treated with hypoglycin. Clin. Chim. Acta 88, 539-543.
24. Singh, P., Gardner, M., Poddar, S., Choo-Kang, E., Coard, K., and Rickards, E. 1992. Toxic effects of ackee oil (Blighia sapida L.) following subacute administration to rats. West Ind. Med. J. 41, 23-26.
25. Tanaka, K. and Ikeda, Y. 1990. Hypoglycin and Jamaican vomiting sickness. In: Fatty Acid Oxidation: Clinical, Biochemical and Molecular Aspects, pp. 167-184. Alan R. Liss, Inc.
26. Tanaka, K., Issselbacher, K.J., and Shih, V. 1972. Isovaleric and alpha-methylbutyric acidemias induced by hypoglycin A: mechanism of Jamaican vomiting sickness. Science 175, 69-71.
27. Wenz, A., Thorpe, C., and Ghisla, S. 1981. Inactivation of general acyl-CoA dehydrogenase from pig kidney by a metabolite of hypoglycin A. J. Biol. Chem. 256, 9809-9812.