Improving collection development and reference services for interdisciplinary fields through analysis of citation patterns: An example using tourism studies

College and Research Libraries

Volumn 65, Issue 3, 2004, Pages 216-241

  Dilevko, Juris ^a   Dali, Keren ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 2642564650     PISSN: 00100870     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.5860/crl.65.3.216     Document Type: Review

References (102)

1. Don Spanner, "Border Crossings: Understanding the Cultural and Informational Dilemmas of Interdisciplinary Scholars," Journal of Academic Librarianship 27 (Sept. 2001): 352-60.
2. Carole L. Palmer and Laura J. Neumann, "The Information Work of Interdisciplinary Humanities Scholars: Exploration and Translation," Library Quarterly 72 (Jan. 2002): 99.
3. Palmer, "Structures and Strategies of Interdisciplinary Science," Journal of the American Society for Information Science 50 (1999): 252.
4. Palmer and Neumann, "The Information Work of Interdisciplinary Humanities Scholars," 99, 102, 103.
5. Palmer, "Structures and Strategies," 251.
6. Susan E. Searing, "Meeting the Information Needs of Interdisciplinary Scholars: Issues for Administrators of Large University Libraries," Library Trends 45 (fall 1996): 315-42. See also Michael F. Winter, "Specialization, Territoriality, and Jurisdiction: Librarianship and the Political Economy of Knowledge," Library Trends 45 (fall 1996): 343-63.
7. Susan E. Searing, "Meeting the Information Needs of Interdisciplinary Scholars: Issues for Administrators of Large University Libraries," Library Trends 45 (fall 1996): 315-42. See also Michael F. Winter, "Specialization, Territoriality, and Jurisdiction: Librarianship and the Political Economy of Knowledge," Library Trends 45 (fall 1996): 343-63.
8. Ibid., 251.
9. Lynn Westbrook, "Information Needs and Experiences of Scholars in Women's Studies: Problems and Solutions," College & Research Libraries 64 (May 2003): 197.
10. Ibid., 203.
11. Ibid., 203.
12. Charlotte M. Echtner and Tazim B. Jamal, "The Disciplinary Dilemma of Tourism Studies," Annals of Tourism Research 24 (1997): 868.
13. Jafar Jafari, "Retracing and Mapping Tourism's Landscape of Knowledge." Available online at http://www.fas.harvard.edu/~drclas/ publications/revista/Tourism/jafari.html [Accessed 9 July 2003].
14. _, "Research and Scholarship: The Basis of Tourism Education," Journal of Tourism Studies 1 (1990): 33-41.
15. Nelson H. H. Garburn and Jafar Jafari, "Introduction: Tourism Social Science," Annals of Tourism Research 18 (1991): 7-8.
16. See the special issue of Annals of Tourism Research 18 (1991): 1-169, which contains ten essays that describe how tourism intersects with ten different fields to form a multidisciplinary social science.
17. The debate is conveniently summarized in Echtner and Jamal, "The Disciplinary Dilemma of Tourism Studies," 868-83. See also John Tribe, "The Indiscipline of Tourism," Annals of Tourism Research 24 (1997): 638-57.
18. The debate is conveniently summarized in Echtner and Jamal, "The Disciplinary Dilemma of Tourism Studies," 868-83. See also John Tribe, "The Indiscipline of Tourism," Annals of Tourism Research 24 (1997): 638-57.
19. See, for example, Roger W. Riley and Lisa L. Love, "The State of Qualitative Tourism Research," Annals of Tourism Research 27 (2000): 164-87.
20. See, for example, R. W. Carter, G. S. Baxter, and M. Hockings, "Resource Management in Tourism Research: A New Direction?" Journal of Sustainable Tourism 4 (2001): 265-80.
21. See, for example, Kristin Gerhard, Mila Su, and Charlotte Rubens, "An Empirical Examination of Subject Headings for Women's Studies Core Materials," College & Research Libraries 59 (Mar. 1998): 130-38; Hur-Li Lee, "Collection Development as a Social Process," Journal of Academic Librarianship 29 (Jan. 2003): 23-31; Westbrook, "Information Access Issues for Interdisciplinary Scholars: Results of a Delphi Study on Women's Studies Research," Journal of Academic Librarianship 23 (May 1997): 211-16.
22. See, for example, Kristin Gerhard, Mila Su, and Charlotte Rubens, "An Empirical Examination of Subject Headings for Women's Studies Core Materials," College & Research Libraries 59 (Mar. 1998): 130-38; Hur-Li Lee, "Collection Development as a Social Process," Journal of Academic Librarianship 29 (Jan. 2003): 23-31; Westbrook, "Information Access Issues for Interdisciplinary Scholars: Results of a Delphi Study on Women's Studies Research," Journal of Academic Librarianship 23 (May 1997): 211-16.
23. See, for example, Kristin Gerhard, Mila Su, and Charlotte Rubens, "An Empirical Examination of Subject Headings for Women's Studies Core Materials," College & Research Libraries 59 (Mar. 1998): 130-38; Hur-Li Lee, "Collection Development as a Social Process," Journal of Academic Librarianship 29 (Jan. 2003): 23-31; Westbrook, "Information Access Issues for Interdisciplinary Scholars: Results of a Delphi Study on Women's Studies Research," Journal of Academic Librarianship 23 (May 1997): 211-16.
24. See The ISI Database: The Journal Selection Process. Available online at http://www.isinet.com/isi/hot/essays/selectionofmaterialforcoverage/199701.html [Accessed 21 June 2003].
25. Tourism scholarship itself agrees that Annals of Tourism Research and Tourism Management are two of its central journals, ranking them number one and number three, respectively. Journal of Travel Research (JTR) is ranked number two but is not included in Journal of Citation Reports. See Richard M. Howey, Kathryn S. Savage, Marja J. Verbeeten, and Hubert B. Van Hoof, "Tourism and Hospitality Research Journals: Cross-citations among Research Communities," Tourism Management 20 (1999): 133-39; Pauline J. Sheldon, "Journal Usage in Tourism: Perceptions of Publishing Faculty," Journal of Tourism Studies 1 (1990): 42-48.
26. Tourism scholarship itself agrees that Annals of Tourism Research and Tourism Management are two of its central journals, ranking them number one and number three, respectively. Journal of Travel Research (JTR) is ranked number two but is not included in Journal of Citation Reports. See Richard M. Howey, Kathryn S. Savage, Marja J. Verbeeten, and Hubert B. Van Hoof, "Tourism and Hospitality Research Journals: Cross-citations among Research Communities," Tourism Management 20 (1999): 133-39; Pauline J. Sheldon, "Journal Usage in Tourism: Perceptions of Publishing Faculty," Journal of Tourism Studies 1 (1990): 42-48.
27. In the case of ATR, the authors examined the twelve issues comprising volumes 27 through 29. In the case of TM, the authors examined the eighteen issues comprising volumes 21 through 23.
28. Country of origin of authors, as shown in author affiliations, is as follows for ATR: United States (61); Australia (35); United Kingdom (32); New Zealand (16); Israel (15); Canada (11); The Netherlands (10); Spain (8); Denmark (6); and Norway (5). For TM, country of origin of authors is as follows: United Kingdom (57); United States (53); Australia (40); New Zealand (20); Hong Kong (16); Taiwan (16); South Korea (15); Spain (12); Canada (10); Israel (9); Turkey (7); and Singapore (5). These numbers do not necessarily coincide with the number of authors for the articles in question because some authors have double affiliations, either within the same country or with two institutions in different countries. Double affiliations are counted twice. For example, if the author is affiliated with two different institutions in Taiwan, Taiwan is counted twice. These numbers are based on all 142 research articles in ATR and all 149 research articles in TM.
29. This information was derived from the geographic keyword(s) assigned to ISI article records. If a geographic keyword was not assigned, the authors examined other parts of the record, and if necessary the whole article, to extract the required information.
30. To determine broad research types, the abstract and methodology sections of each selected article were examined for specific details about the research methodology. If this proved insufficient, the entire text of the article was examined. Specific research methodologies were as follows: theoretical analysis/review; case study; content analysis; content analysis and secondary data analysis; content analysis, ecological traverse, interview, and observations; data modeling; data modeling and secondary data analysis; ethnography; secondary data analysis; survey; survey and interview; survey and secondary data analysis; survey, interview, and secondary data analysis; survey, interview, and observations; survey, interview, and focus groups; survey and focus groups; interview; interview, focus groups, and grounded theory; interview, field notes, documents, and case study. These specific methodologies were then grouped into four broad research types.
31. In the course of the sampling process, a number of problems with ISI indexing were identified. For example, some citations listed by ISI were not present in the original article; if the erroneous citation happened to be sampled, it was replaced with the next citation found in the reference list of the original article. In other instances, the author's last name was provided correctly by ISI, but the author's initials and/or the source title was incorrect. In these cases, the authors chose the citation for the author with the same last name in the original article. The order of citations in ISI records does not necessarily correspond with the order of citations in full-text articles.
32. Sample size was calculated using the Sample Size Calculator provided by Creative Research Systems. Available online at http://www.surveysystem.com/ sscalc.htm [Accessed 15 March 2003].
33. Available online at http://www.randomizer.org [Accessed 15 March 2003].
34. If necessary bibliographic information could not first be found in OCLC, other catalogs, including those of the Library of Congress and major North American universities, were searched in order to find the needed information. For very obscure items, classifications were assigned using LC schedules.
35. Each citation was categorized as one of the fifteen following types of sources: book; edited book; conference proceedings (if published or unpublished conference proceedings were referred to as a whole); Ph.D. dissertation; master's thesis; report/statistics (for government publications and publications issued by public/private organizations that focused specifically on statistics, project reports, development plans, statistical summaries, rules and regulations, censuses, statistical abstracts, etc.); book chapter; conference paper (if a specific conference paper, whether published or unpublished, was referred to); electronic resource; broadcast; academic/scholarly journal; trade publication; consumer magazine; newspaper; and newsletter. Types of periodical publications were determined based on classification provided in Ulrich's Periodical Directory. Available online at http://www.ulrichsweb.com/ulrichsweb/ [Accessed 15 January 2003].
36. One or two letters designating either the main class or the first subclass (e.g., G, GV, HQ) of the LC classification were recorded for each item. For the most part, these classifications were available from OCLC records, but occasionally other major university catalogs were used to track down obscure items.
37. These nine categories are: academic/scholarly journal; book and edited book; book chapter; report/statistics; consumer magazine/trade publication/newsletter; conference paper/conference proceedings; newspaper (print & online) and broadcast; Ph.D. dissertation/master's thesis; and electronic resource.
38. Percentages for TM do not add to 100 because of rounding (99.9).
39. Data are as follows: 1993 (43 citations); 1994 (40); 1995 (48); 1996 (36); 1997 (38); 1998 (41).
40. th ed.) (New York: Wiley, 1995); Yiorgos A postolopoulos, Stella Leivadi, and Andrew Yiannakis, The Sociology of Tourism: Theoretical and Empirical Investigations (New York: Routledge, 1996); J. R. Brent Ritchie and Charles R. Goeldner, Travel, Tourism, and Hospitality Research: A Handbook for Managers and Researchers (New York: Wiley, 1987).
41. th ed.) (New York: Wiley, 1995); Yiorgos A postolopoulos, Stella Leivadi, and Andrew Yiannakis, The Sociology of Tourism: Theoretical and Empirical Investigations (New York: Routledge, 1996); J. R. Brent Ritchie and Charles R. Goeldner, Travel, Tourism, and Hospitality Research: A Handbook for Managers and Researchers (New York: Wiley, 1987).
42. th ed.) (New York: Wiley, 1995); Yiorgos A postolopoulos, Stella Leivadi, and Andrew Yiannakis, The Sociology of Tourism: Theoretical and Empirical Investigations (New York: Routledge, 1996); J. R. Brent Ritchie and Charles R. Goeldner, Travel, Tourism, and Hospitality Research: A Handbook for Managers and Researchers (New York: Wiley, 1987).
43. th ed.) (New York: Wiley, 1995); Yiorgos A postolopoulos, Stella Leivadi, and Andrew Yiannakis, The Sociology of Tourism: Theoretical and Empirical Investigations (New York: Routledge, 1996); J. R. Brent Ritchie and Charles R. Goeldner, Travel, Tourism, and Hospitality Research: A Handbook for Managers and Researchers (New York: Wiley, 1987).
44. th ed.) (New York: Wiley, 1995); Yiorgos A postolopoulos, Stella Leivadi, and Andrew Yiannakis, The Sociology of Tourism: Theoretical and Empirical Investigations (New York: Routledge, 1996); J. R. Brent Ritchie and Charles R. Goeldner, Travel, Tourism, and Hospitality Research: A Handbook for Managers and Researchers (New York: Wiley, 1987).
45. th ed.) (New York: Wiley, 1995); Yiorgos A postolopoulos, Stella Leivadi, and Andrew Yiannakis, The Sociology of Tourism: Theoretical and Empirical Investigations (New York: Routledge, 1996); J. R. Brent Ritchie and Charles R. Goeldner, Travel, Tourism, and Hospitality Research: A Handbook for Managers and Researchers (New York: Wiley, 1987).
46. th ed.) (New York: Wiley, 1995); Yiorgos A postolopoulos, Stella Leivadi, and Andrew Yiannakis, The Sociology of Tourism: Theoretical and Empirical Investigations (New York: Routledge, 1996); J. R. Brent Ritchie and Charles R. Goeldner, Travel, Tourism, and Hospitality Research: A Handbook for Managers and Researchers (New York: Wiley, 1987).
47. th ed.) (New York: Wiley, 1995); Yiorgos A postolopoulos, Stella Leivadi, and Andrew Yiannakis, The Sociology of Tourism: Theoretical and Empirical Investigations (New York: Routledge, 1996); J. R. Brent Ritchie and Charles R. Goeldner, Travel, Tourism, and Hospitality Research: A Handbook for Managers and Researchers (New York: Wiley, 1987).
48. th ed.) (New York: Wiley, 1995); Yiorgos A postolopoulos, Stella Leivadi, and Andrew Yiannakis, The Sociology of Tourism: Theoretical and Empirical Investigations (New York: Routledge, 1996); J. R. Brent Ritchie and Charles R. Goeldner, Travel, Tourism, and Hospitality Research: A Handbook for Managers and Researchers (New York: Wiley, 1987).
49. th ed.) (New York: Wiley, 1995); Yiorgos A postolopoulos, Stella Leivadi, and Andrew Yiannakis, The Sociology of Tourism: Theoretical and Empirical Investigations (New York: Routledge, 1996); J. R. Brent Ritchie and Charles R. Goeldner, Travel, Tourism, and Hospitality Research: A Handbook for Managers and Researchers (New York: Wiley, 1987).
50. th ed.) (New York: Wiley, 1995); Yiorgos A postolopoulos, Stella Leivadi, and Andrew Yiannakis, The Sociology of Tourism: Theoretical and Empirical Investigations (New York: Routledge, 1996); J. R. Brent Ritchie and Charles R. Goeldner, Travel, Tourism, and Hospitality Research: A Handbook for Managers and Researchers (New York: Wiley, 1987).
51. th ed.) (New York: Wiley, 1995); Yiorgos A postolopoulos, Stella Leivadi, and Andrew Yiannakis, The Sociology of Tourism: Theoretical and Empirical Investigations (New York: Routledge, 1996); J. R. Brent Ritchie and Charles R. Goeldner, Travel, Tourism, and Hospitality Research: A Handbook for Managers and Researchers (New York: Wiley, 1987).
52. th ed.) (New York: Wiley, 1995); Yiorgos A postolopoulos, Stella Leivadi, and Andrew Yiannakis, The Sociology of Tourism: Theoretical and Empirical Investigations (New York: Routledge, 1996); J. R. Brent Ritchie and Charles R. Goeldner, Travel, Tourism, and Hospitality Research: A Handbook for Managers and Researchers (New York: Wiley, 1987).
53. th ed.) (New York: Wiley, 1995); Yiorgos A postolopoulos, Stella Leivadi, and Andrew Yiannakis, The Sociology of Tourism: Theoretical and Empirical Investigations (New York: Routledge, 1996); J. R. Brent Ritchie and Charles R. Goeldner, Travel, Tourism, and Hospitality Research: A Handbook for Managers and Researchers (New York: Wiley, 1987).
54. The names of these six universities are: Virginia Tech; Texas A&M; Northern Arizona University; University of Central Florida; University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; and University of Nevada at Las Vegas.
55. Jafari, "Retracing and Mapping Tourism's Landscape of Knowledge."
56. In table 5, all disciplines listed below the triple line are nontourism disciplines. There are 273 citations from these disciplines, collectively representing 48.8 percent of citations. Percentages in table 5 are based on a denominator of 559 (the total number of citations examined in the present study). The figures used in the sentence here are based on a denominator of 273. Not all disciplines listed in this sentence appear in tables 6 and 7 because tables 6 and 7 illustrate selected disciplines only.
57. See, for example, Margaret Byrne Swain, Maryann Brent, and Veronica H. Long, "Annals and Tourism Evolving: Indexing 25 Years of Publication," Annals of Tourism Research 25 (1998): 991-1014; see also Jafar Jafari and Dean Aaser, "Tourism as the Subject of Doctoral Dissertations," Annals of Tourism Research 15 (1988): 407-29.
58. See, for example, Margaret Byrne Swain, Maryann Brent, and Veronica H. Long, "Annals and Tourism Evolving: Indexing 25 Years of Publication," Annals of Tourism Research 25 (1998): 991-1014; see also Jafar Jafari and Dean Aaser, "Tourism as the Subject of Doctoral Dissertations," Annals of Tourism Research 15 (1988): 407-29.
59. Richard M. Howey, Kathryn S. Savage, Marja J. Verbeeten, and Hubert B. Van Hoof, "Tourism and Hospitality Research Journals: Cross-citations among Research Communities," Tourism Management 20 (1999): 134.
60. Abraham Pizam, Natan Uriely, and Arie Reichel, "The Intensity of Tourist-Host Social Relationship and Its Effects on Satisfaction and Change of Attitudes: The Case of Working Tourists in Israel," Tourism Management 21 (2000): 395-406.
61. Ibid., 398.
62. Nancy Gard McGehee, "Alternative Tourism and Social Movements," Annals of Tourism Research 29 (2002): 124-43.
63. Ibid., 127.
64. Sharon J. Hepburn, "Touristic Forms of Life in Nepal," Annals of Tourism Research 29 (2002): 611-30.
65. Ibid., 614.
66. Ibid., 627.
67. Ibid., 615.
68. Yiping Li, "Ethnic Tourism: A Canadian Experience," Annals of Tourism Research 27 (2000): 115-31.
69. Ibid., 123.
70. T. Jamal and K. Hollinshead, "Tourism and the Forbidden Zone: The Underserved Power of Qualitative Inquiry," Tourism Management 22 (2001): 63-82.
71. Ibid., 75.
72. Ibid., 77.
73. Westbrook, "Information Needs and Experiences of Scholars in Women's Studies," 197.
74. Ibid., 203.
75. Ibid., 205.
76. Ibid., 203.
77. The authors thank an anonymous reviewer for bringing to their attention the need to address the issue of practicality.
78. Katherine Corby, "Constructing Core Journal Lists: Mixing Science and Alchemy," portal: Libraries and the Academy 3 (2003): 207-17.
79. Thura Mack, "A Model Methodology for Selecting Women's Studies Core Journals," Library & Information Science Research 13 (1991): 131-45. Cited in Corby, "Constructing Core Journal Lists," 209.
80. Thura Mack, "A Model Methodology for Selecting Women's Studies Core Journals," Library & Information Science Research 13 (1991): 131-45. Cited in Corby, "Constructing Core Journal Lists," 209.
81. Kathleen E. Joswick and Jeanne Koekkoek Stierman, "The Core List Mirage: A Comparison of the Journals Frequently Consulted by Faculty and Students," Collage & Research Libraries 58 (Jan. 1997): 48-55. Cited in Corby, "Constructing Core Journal Lists," 212.
82. Kathleen E. Joswick and Jeanne Koekkoek Stierman, "The Core List Mirage: A Comparison of the Journals Frequently Consulted by Faculty and Students," Collage & Research Libraries 58 (Jan. 1997): 48-55. Cited in Corby, "Constructing Core Journal Lists," 212.
83. Larry Hardesty and Gail Oltmanns, "How Many Psychology Journals Are Enough? A Study of the Use of Psychology Journals by Undergraduates," Serials Librarian 16, no. 1/2 (1989): 133-53. Cited in Corby, "Constructing Core Journal Lists," 212.
84. Larry Hardesty and Gail Oltmanns, "How Many Psychology Journals Are Enough? A Study of the Use of Psychology Journals by Undergraduates," Serials Librarian 16, no. 1/2 (1989): 133-53. Cited in Corby, "Constructing Core Journal Lists," 212.
85. Corby, "Constructing Core Journal Lists," 212.
86. John M. Cullars, "Citation Characteristics of English-Language Monographs in Philosophy," Library & Information Science Research 20 (1998): 41-68.
87. See, for example, Jeffrey D. Kushkowski, Kristin H. Gerhard, and Cynthia Dobson, "A Method for Building Core Journal Lists in Interdisciplinary Areas," Journal of Documentation 54 (Sept. 1998): 477-88. See also Philip M. Davis, "Where to Spend Our E-journal Money? Defining a University Library's Core Collection through Citation Analysis," portal: Libraries and the Academy 2 (2002): 155-66.
88. See, for example, Jeffrey D. Kushkowski, Kristin H. Gerhard, and Cynthia Dobson, "A Method for Building Core Journal Lists in Interdisciplinary Areas," Journal of Documentation 54 (Sept. 1998): 477-88. See also Philip M. Davis, "Where to Spend Our E-journal Money? Defining a University Library's Core Collection through Citation Analysis," portal: Libraries and the Academy 2 (2002): 155-66.
89. Cullars, "Citation Characteristics of Italian and Spanish Literary Monographs," Library Quarterly 60 (Oct. 1990): 337-56.
90. _, "Citation Characteristics of French and German Literary Monographs," Library Quarterly 59 (Oct. 1989): 305-25.
91. _, "Citation Characteristics of French and German Fine Arts Monographs," Library Quarterly 66 (Apr. 1996): 138-60.
92. _, "Citation Characteristics of English-Language Monographs in Philosophy."
93. Ibid., 51.
94. Ibid., 65.
95. Ibid., 58-60, 65.
96. Stephen E. Wiberley Jr., "A Methodological Approach to Developing Bibliometric Models of Types of Humanities Scholarship," Library Quarterly 73 (Apr. 2003): 121-59.
97. Ibid., 153.
98. Ibid., 152.
99. Dobson, Kushkowski, and Gerhard, "Collection Evaluation for Interdisciplinary Fields," 279-84.
100. Palmer, "Structures and Strategies of Interdisciplinary Science," 251-52.
101. Joan B. Fiscella, "Bibliography as an Interdisciplinary Information Service," Library Trends 45 (fall 1996): 293.
102. Jack T. Smith Jr., "Meta-Analysis: The Librarian as Member of an Interdisciplinary Research Team," Library Trends 45 (fall 1996): 265-79.