Body surface temperature of hibernating black bears may be related to periodic muscle activity

Journal of Mammalogy

Volumn 85, Issue 3, 2004, Pages 414-419

  Harlow, H J ^a   Lohuis, T ^a   Anderson Sprecher, R C ^a   Beck, T D I ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF WYOMING   (United States)

^b Colorado Division of Wildlife ^*  (United States)

Author keywords

Black bears; Body temperature; Hibernation; Muscle; Strength; Surface temperature; Ursus americanus

Indexed keywords

BEAR; BODY TEMPERATURE; HIBERNATION; MUSCLE; SURFACE TEMPERATURE;

URSUS; URSUS AMERICANUS;

EID: 2642516523     PISSN: 00222372     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1644/1545-1542(2004)085<0414:BSTOHB>2.0.CO;2     Document Type: Article

References (26)

1. ANDERSON, J. L., T. GRUSCHY-KNUDSEN, C. SANDRI, L. LARSON, AND S. SCHIAFFIONO. 1999. Bed rest increases the amount of mismatched fibers in human skeletal muscle. Journal of Applied Physiology 86:455-460.
2. ANIMAL CARE AND USE COMMITTEE. 1998. Guidelines for the capture, handling, and care of mammals as approved by the American Society of Mammalogists. Journal of Mammalogy 79:1416-1431.
3. BARNES, B. M. 1989. Freeze avoidance in a mammal: body temperature below 0°C in an Arctic hibernator. Science 244:1593-1595.
4. BERG, H. E., L. LARSSON, AND P. A. TESCH. 1997. Lower limb skeletal muscle function after 6 wk of bed rest. Journal of Applied Physiology 82:182-188.
5. CRAIGHEAD, J. J., J. R. VARNEY, F. C. CRAIGHEAD, AND J. S. SUMNER. 1976. Telemetry experiments with hibernating black bears. Pp. 357-371 in Bears - their biology and management (M. R. Pelton, J. W. Lentfer, and G. E. Folk, Jr., eds.). International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources, Morges, Switzerland.
6. FOLK, G. E., JR. 1967. Physiological observations of subarctic bears under winter den conditions. Pp, 75-85 in Mammal hibernation III (K. C. Fisher, A. R. Dawe, C. P. Lyman, E. Schönbaum, and F. E. South, eds.). American Elsevier Publishing Company, Inc., New York.
7. GRAHN, D. A., J. D. MILLER, V. S. HOUNG, AND H. L. HELLER. 1994. Persistence of circadian rhythmicity in hibernating ground squirrels. American Journal of Physiology 266:R1251-R1258.
8. GRINSPOON, S., ET AL. 1999. Quantitative assessment of cross-sectional muscle area, functional status and muscle strength in men with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome wasting syndrome. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 84:201-206.
9. HARLOW, H. J., T. LOHUIS, T. D. I. BECK, AND P. A. IAIZZO. 2001. Muscle strength in overwintering bears. Nature 409:997.
10. HELLER, H. C., AND G. W. COLLIVER. 1974. CNS regulation of body temperature during hibernation. American Journal of Physiology 227:583-589.
11. HISSA, R. 1997. Physiology of the European brown bear (Ursus arctos arctos). Annales Zoologici Fennici 34:267-287.
12. HISSA, R., J. SIEKKINEN, E. HOHTOLA, S. SAARELA, A. HAKALA, AND J. PUDAS. 1994. Seasonal patterns in the physiology of the European brown bear (Ursus arctos arctos) in Finland. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, A. Sensory, Neural, and Behavioral Physiology 109:781-791.
13. HOAGLIN, D. C., F. MOSTELLER, AND J. W. TUKEY. 1983. Understanding robust and exploratory data analysis. Wiley, New York.
14. HORTOBAGYI, T., ET AL. 2000. Changes in muscle strength, muscle fiber size and myofibrillar gene expression after immobilization and retraining in humans. Journal of Physiology 524:293-304.
15. KOERTNER, G., AND F. GEISER. 2000. The temporal organization of daily torpor and hibernation: circadian and circannual rhythms. Chronobiology International 17:103-128.
16. LEBLANC, A. D., V. S. SCHNEIDER, H. J. EVANS, C. PIENTOK, R. ROWE, AND E. SPECTOR. 1992. Regional changes in muscle mass following 17 weeks of bed rest. Journal of Applied Physiology 73:2172-2178.
17. LINNELL, J. D., J. E. SWENSON, R. ANDERSEN, AND B. BARNES. 2000. How vulnerable are denning bears to disturbance? Wildlife Society Bulletin 28:400-413.
18. NELSON, R. A. 1980. Protein and fat metabolism in hibernating bears. Federation Proceedings 39:2955-2958.
19. NELSON, R. A., H. W. WAHNER, J. D. JONES, R. D. ELLEFSON, AND P. E. ZOLLMAN. 1973. Metabolism of bears before, during, and after winter sleep. American Journal of Physiology 224:491-496.
20. NICKS, D. K., W. M. BENEKE, R. M. KEY, AND B. F. TIMSON. 1989. Muscle fiber size and number following immobilization atrophy. Journal of Anatomy 163:1-5.
21. TINKER, D. B., H. J. HARLOW, AND T. D. I. BECK. 1998. Protein use and muscle-fiber changes in free-ranging, hibernating black bears. Physiological Zoology 71:414-424.
22. WASSMER, T., AND F. WOLLNIK. 1997. Timing of torpor bouts during hibernation in European hamsters (Cricetus circetus L.). Journal of Comparative Physiology, B. Biochemical, Systematic, and Environmental Physiology 167:270-274.
23. WATT, P. D., N. A. ORITSLAND, C. JONKEL, AND K. RONALD. 1981. Mammalian hibernation and the oxygen consumption of a denning black bear (Ursus americanas). Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, A. Sensory, Neural, and Behavioral Physiology 69:121-123.
24. WICKLER, S. J., D. F. HOYT, AND F. VANBRUKELEN. 1991. Disuse atrophy in the hibernating golden-mantled ground squirrel, Spermophilus lateralis. American Journal of Physiology 261:R1214-R1217.
25. WIDRICK, J. J., ET AL. 1998. Force-velocity-power and force-pCa relationships of human soleus fibers after 17 days of bed rest. Journal of Applied Physiology 85:1949-1956.
26. WILZ, M., AND G. HELDMAIER. 2000. Comparison of hibernation, estivation and daily torpor in the edible dormouse, Glis glis. Journal of Comparative Physiology, B. Biochemical, Systematic, and Environmental Physiology 170:511-521.