메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 50, Issue 2, 2004, Pages 225-244

Local modeling of tree growth by geographically weighted regression

Author keywords

Forest growth and yield modeling; Geographic information systems (GIS); Spatial autocorrelation and heterogeneity; Tree competition

Indexed keywords

COMPUTER SIMULATION; ECOLOGY; ECOSYSTEMS; GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS; LEAST SQUARES APPROXIMATIONS; REGRESSION ANALYSIS; SAMPLING;

EID: 2642514130     PISSN: 0015749X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (78)

References (92)
  • 1
    • 0034668245 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estimating forest crown area removed by selection cutting: A linked regression-GIS approach based on stump diameters
    • ANDERSON, S.C., J.A. KUPFER, R. R. WILSON, AND R.J. COOPER. 2000. Estimating forest crown area removed by selection cutting: A linked regression-GIS approach based on stump diameters. For. Ecol. Manage. 137:171-177.
    • (2000) For. Ecol. Manage. , vol.137 , pp. 171-177
    • Anderson, S.C.1    Kupfer, J.A.2    Wilson, R.R.3    Cooper, R.J.4
  • 3
    • 0003259584 scopus 로고
    • What is special about spatial data? Alternative perspectives on spatial data analysis
    • Griffith, D. (ed.). Inst. of Math. Geog., Ann Arbor, MI
    • ANSELIN, L. 1990. What is special about spatial data? Alternative perspectives on spatial data analysis. P. 63-77 in Spatial statistics: Past, present, and future, Griffith, D. (ed.). Inst. of Math. Geog., Ann Arbor, MI.
    • (1990) Spatial Statistics: Past, Present, and Future , pp. 63-77
    • Anselin, L.1
  • 4
    • 0029507498 scopus 로고
    • Local indicator of spatial association - LISA
    • ANSELIN, L. 1995. Local indicator of spatial association - LISA. Geog. Anal. 27:93-115.
    • (1995) Geog. Anal. , vol.27 , pp. 93-115
    • Anselin, L.1
  • 5
    • 0024185906 scopus 로고
    • Do spatial effects really matter in regression analysis
    • ANSELIN, L., AND D.A. GRIFFITH. 1988. Do spatial effects really matter in regression analysis. Pap. Reg. Sci. Assoc. 65:11-34.
    • (1988) Pap. Reg. Sci. Assoc. , vol.65 , pp. 11-34
    • Anselin, L.1    Griffith, D.A.2
  • 6
    • 0031863697 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Using geographical information system (GIS) and large area databases to predict yield class: A study of Sitka spruce in Wales
    • BATEMAN, I.J., AND A.A. LOVETT. 1998. Using geographical information system (GIS) and large area databases to predict yield class: A study of Sitka spruce in Wales. Forestry 71:147-168.
    • (1998) Forestry , vol.71 , pp. 147-168
    • Bateman, I.J.1    Lovett, A.A.2
  • 7
    • 0342522445 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Seamlessly linking ARC/INFO to landscape analysis and forest growth model
    • USDA For. Serv. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-GTR-373
    • BERRY, J.K., D.J. BUCKLEY, AND R.M. TECK. 1997. Seamlessly linking ARC/INFO to landscape analysis and forest growth model. P. 21-29 in Proc. of forest vegetation simulator conference. USDA For. Serv. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-GTR-373.
    • (1997) Proc. of Forest Vegetation Simulator Conference , pp. 21-29
    • Berry, J.K.1    Buckley, D.J.2    Teck, R.M.3
  • 8
    • 0000872305 scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of competition indices in individual tree growth models
    • BIGING, G.S., AND M. DOBBERTIN. 1995. Evaluation of competition indices in individual tree growth models. For. Sci. 41:360-377.
    • (1995) For. Sci. , vol.41 , pp. 360-377
    • Biging, G.S.1    Dobbertin, M.2
  • 9
    • 0028163383 scopus 로고
    • Geostatistically modeling stem size and increment in an old-growth forest
    • BIONDI, F., D.E. MYERS, AND C.C. AVERY. 1994. Geostatistically modeling stem size and increment in an old-growth forest. Can. J. For. Res. 24:1354-1368.
    • (1994) Can. J. For. Res. , vol.24 , pp. 1354-1368
    • Biondi, F.1    Myers, D.E.2    Avery, C.C.3
  • 10
    • 0022896624 scopus 로고
    • A compatible system of growth and yield equations for slash pine fitted with restricted three-stage least squares
    • BORDERS, B.E., AND R.L. BAILEY. 1986. A compatible system of growth and yield equations for slash pine fitted with restricted three-stage least squares. For. Sci. 32:185-201.
    • (1986) For. Sci. , vol.32 , pp. 185-201
    • Borders, B.E.1    Bailey, R.L.2
  • 11
    • 0000150479 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exploratory spatial data analysis and local indicators of spatial association with XLIP-STAT
    • BRUNSDON, C.A. 1998. Exploratory spatial data analysis and local indicators of spatial association with XLIP-STAT. The Statistician 47:471-484.
    • (1998) The Statistician , vol.47 , pp. 471-484
    • Brunsdon, C.A.1
  • 12
    • 0030432956 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Geographically weighted regression: A method for exploring spatial nonstationarity
    • BRUNSDON, C.A., A.S. FOTHERINGHAM, AND M.E. CHARLTON. 1996. Geographically weighted regression: A method for exploring spatial nonstationarity. Geog. Anal. 28(4):281-298.
    • (1996) Geog. Anal. , vol.28 , Issue.4 , pp. 281-298
    • Brunsdon, C.A.1    Fotheringham, A.S.2    Charlton, M.E.3
  • 13
    • 0001182913 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Geographically weighted regression-modeling spatial non-stationary
    • BRUNSDON, C.A., A.S. FOTHERINGHAM, AND M.E. CHARLTON. 1998. Geographically weighted regression-modeling spatial non-stationary. The Statistician 47(3):431-443.
    • (1998) The Statistician , vol.47 , Issue.3 , pp. 431-443
    • Brunsdon, C.A.1    Fotheringham, A.S.2    Charlton, M.E.3
  • 14
    • 0000722130 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Some notes on parametric significant tests for geographically weighted regression
    • BRUNSDON, C.A., A.S. FOTHERINGHAM, AND M.E. CHARLTON. 1999. Some notes on parametric significant tests for geographically weighted regression. J. Reg. Sci. 39:497-524.
    • (1999) J. Reg. Sci. , vol.39 , pp. 497-524
    • Brunsdon, C.A.1    Fotheringham, A.S.2    Charlton, M.E.3
  • 15
    • 0003291171 scopus 로고
    • Growth and yield of red pine in Minnesota
    • BUCKMAN, R.R. 1962. Growth and yield of red pine in Minnesota. USDA For. Serv. Tech. Bull. 1272. 50 p.
    • (1962) USDA For. Serv. Tech. Bull. , vol.1272
    • Buckman, R.R.1
  • 16
    • 0033967147 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prediction of annual diameter growth and survival for individual trees from periodic measurements
    • CAO, Q.V. 2000. Prediction of annual diameter growth and survival for individual trees from periodic measurements. For. Sci. 46:127-131.
    • (2000) For. Sci. , vol.46 , pp. 127-131
    • Cao, Q.V.1
  • 17
    • 84982770928 scopus 로고
    • Generating models by the expansion method: Application to geographic research
    • CASETTI, E. 1972. Generating models by the expansion method: Application to geographic research. Geog. Anal. 4:81-91.
    • (1972) Geog. Anal. , vol.4 , pp. 81-91
    • Casetti, E.1
  • 18
    • 0001819384 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The expansion method, mathematical modeling, and spatial econometrics
    • CASETTI, E. 1997. The expansion method, mathematical modeling, and spatial econometrics. Int. Reg. Sci. Rev. 20:9-32.
    • (1997) Int. Reg. Sci. Rev. , vol.20 , pp. 9-32
    • Casetti, E.1
  • 19
    • 84936916896 scopus 로고
    • Robust locally weighted regression and smoothing scatterplots
    • CLEVELAND, W.S. 1979. Robust locally weighted regression and smoothing scatterplots. J. Am. Stat. Assoc. 74:829-836.
    • (1979) J. Am. Stat. Assoc. , vol.74 , pp. 829-836
    • Cleveland, W.S.1
  • 22
    • 0004602894 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis of spatial point patterns using boundless of product density LISA functions
    • CRESSIE, N., AND L.B. COLLINS. 2001. Analysis of spatial point patterns using boundless of product density LISA functions. J. Agric. Bio. Environ. Stat. 6:118-135.
    • (2001) J. Agric. Bio. Environ. Stat. , vol.6 , pp. 118-135
    • Cressie, N.1    Collins, L.B.2
  • 23
    • 0344861174 scopus 로고
    • A method of estimation of gross yield of Douglas-fir
    • CURTIS, R.O. 1967. A method of estimation of gross yield of Douglas-fir. For. Sci. Monogr. 13. 24 p.
    • (1967) For. Sci. Monogr. , vol.13
    • Curtis, R.O.1
  • 24
    • 0004800343 scopus 로고
    • Remarks on "Generalized least squares estimation of yield functions" by I.S. Ferguson and J.W. Leech
    • DAVIS, A.W., AND P.W. WEST. 1981. Remarks on "Generalized least squares estimation of yield functions" by I.S. Ferguson and J.W. Leech. For. Sci. 27:233-239.
    • (1981) For. Sci. , vol.27 , pp. 233-239
    • Davis, A.W.1    West, P.W.2
  • 26
    • 0343290337 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Discordance in spatial patterns of white pine (Pinus strobus) size-classes in a patchy near-boreal forest
    • DOVCIAK, M., L.E. FRELICH, AND P.B. REICH. 2001. Discordance in spatial patterns of white pine (Pinus strobus) size-classes in a patchy near-boreal forest. J. Ecol. 89:280-291.
    • (2001) J. Ecol. , vol.89 , pp. 280-291
    • Dovciak, M.1    Frelich, L.E.2    Reich, P.B.3
  • 27
    • 0007493615 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Applying mixed multivariate multilevel models in geographical research
    • Place and people: Multilevel modeling in geographical research, Wstert, P., and R.N. Verhoeff (eds.). Univ. of Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
    • DUNCAN, C. 1997. Applying mixed multivariate multilevel models in geographical research. P. 100-117 in Place and people: Multilevel modeling in geographical research, Wstert, P., and R.N. Verhoeff (eds.). Nederlandse Geografische Studies 227, Univ. of Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
    • (1997) Nederlandse Geografische Studies 227 , pp. 100-117
    • Duncan, C.1
  • 28
    • 0002408994 scopus 로고
    • Generalized least squares estimation of yield functions
    • FERGUSON, I.S., AND J.W. LEECH. 1978. Generalized least squares estimation of yield functions. For. Sci. 24:27-42.
    • (1978) For. Sci. , vol.24 , pp. 27-42
    • Ferguson, I.S.1    Leech, J.W.2
  • 29
    • 0030803747 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trends in quantitative methods I: Stressing the local
    • FOTHERINGHAM, A.S. 1997. Trends in quantitative methods I: Stressing the local. Prog. Hum. Geog. 21:88-96.
    • (1997) Prog. Hum. Geog. , vol.21 , pp. 88-96
    • Fotheringham, A.S.1
  • 30
    • 0032434789 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Geographically weighted regression: A natural evolution of the expansion method for spatial data analysis
    • FOTHERINGHAM, A.S., C. BRUNSDON, AND M. CHARLTON. 1998. Geographically weighted regression: A natural evolution of the expansion method for spatial data analysis. Environ. Plan. A. 30:1905-1927.
    • (1998) Environ. Plan. A. , vol.30 , pp. 1905-1927
    • Fotheringham, A.S.1    Brunsdon, C.2    Charlton, M.3
  • 31
    • 0343861903 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Local forms of spatial analysis
    • FOTHERINGHAM, A.S., AND C. BRUNSDON. 1999. Local forms of spatial analysis. Geog. Anal. 31:340-358.
    • (1999) Geog. Anal. , vol.31 , pp. 340-358
    • Fotheringham, A.S.1    Brunsdon, C.2
  • 34
    • 0035889514 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stochastic structure and individual-tree growth models
    • Fox, J.C., P.K. ADES, AND H. BI. 2001. Stochastic structure and individual-tree growth models. For. Ecol. Manage. 154:261-276.
    • (2001) For. Ecol. Manage. , vol.154 , pp. 261-276
    • Fox, J.C.1    Ades, P.K.2    Bi, H.3
  • 35
    • 0028978373 scopus 로고
    • Statistical analysis of the distribution pattern of natural regeneration in forests
    • FROHLICH, M., AND H.D. QUEDNAU. 1995. Statistical analysis of the distribution pattern of natural regeneration in forests. For. Ecol. Manage. 73:45-57.
    • (1995) For. Ecol. Manage. , vol.73 , pp. 45-57
    • Frohlich, M.1    Quednau, H.D.2
  • 36
    • 0001897454 scopus 로고
    • Systems of equations for predicting forest growth and yield
    • Patil, G.P., E.C. Pielou, and W.E. Waters (eds.). Penn. State Univ. Press, University Park, PA
    • FURNIVAL, G.M., AND R.W. WILSON. 1971. Systems of equations for predicting forest growth and yield. P. 43-57 in Statistical ecology, Vol. 3, Many species populations, ecosystems, and system analysis, Patil, G.P., E.C. Pielou, and W.E. Waters (eds.). Penn. State Univ. Press, University Park, PA.
    • (1971) Statistical Ecology, Vol. 3, Many Species Populations, Ecosystems, and System Analysis , vol.3 , pp. 43-57
    • Furnival, G.M.1    Wilson, R.W.2
  • 37
    • 0002848676 scopus 로고
    • What is a diameter distribution?
    • Minowa, M., and S. Tsuyuki (eds.). Japan Society of Forest Planning Press, Tokyo, Japan
    • GARCIA, O. 1992. What is a diameter distribution? P. 11-29 in Proceedings of the symposium on integrated forest management information systems, Minowa, M., and S. Tsuyuki (eds.). Japan Society of Forest Planning Press, Tokyo, Japan.
    • (1992) Proceedings of the Symposium on Integrated Forest Management Information Systems , pp. 11-29
    • Garcia, O.1
  • 38
    • 0028165914 scopus 로고
    • The state-space approach in growth modeling
    • GARCIA, O. 1994. The state-space approach in growth modeling. Can. J. For. Res. 24:1894-1903.
    • (1994) Can. J. For. Res. , vol.24 , pp. 1894-1903
    • Garcia, O.1
  • 39
    • 0000028350 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Local spatial statistics: An overview
    • P. Longley and M. Batty (eds.). John Wiley & Sons. New York
    • GETIS, A., AND J.K. ORD. 1996. Local spatial statistics: An overview. P. 261-277 in Spatial Analysis: Modeling in a GIS Environment. P. Longley and M. Batty (eds.). John Wiley & Sons. New York.
    • (1996) Spatial Analysis: Modeling in a GIS Environment , pp. 261-277
    • Getis, A.1    Ord, J.K.2
  • 40
    • 0003074252 scopus 로고
    • Weighted spatial adaptive filtering: Monte Carlo studies and application to Illicit Drub Market Modeling
    • GORR, W.L., AND A.M. OLLIGSCHLAEGER. 1994. Weighted spatial adaptive filtering: Monte Carlo studies and application to Illicit Drub Market Modeling. Geog. Anal. 26(1):67-87.
    • (1994) Geog. Anal. , vol.26 , Issue.1 , pp. 67-87
    • Gorr, W.L.1    Olligschlaeger, A.M.2
  • 41
    • 0001092808 scopus 로고
    • Generalized error structure for forestry yield models
    • GREGOIRE, T.G. 1987. Generalized error structure for forestry yield models. For. Sci. 33:423-444.
    • (1987) For. Sci. , vol.33 , pp. 423-444
    • Gregoire, T.G.1
  • 42
    • 0028974985 scopus 로고
    • Linear modeling of irregular spaced, unbalanced, longitudinal data from permanent-plot measurements
    • GREGOIRE, T.G., O. SCHABENBERGER, AND J.P. BARRETT. 1995. Linear modeling of irregular spaced, unbalanced, longitudinal data from permanent-plot measurements. Can. J. For. Res. 25:137-156.
    • (1995) Can. J. For. Res. , vol.25 , pp. 137-156
    • Gregoire, T.G.1    Schabenberger, O.2    Barrett, J.P.3
  • 43
    • 0030439435 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A non-linear mixed-effects model to predict cumulative bole volume of standing trees
    • GREGOIRE, T.G., AND O. SCHABENBERGER. 1996. A non-linear mixed-effects model to predict cumulative bole volume of standing trees. J. Appl. Stat. 23:257-271.
    • (1996) J. Appl. Stat. , vol.23 , pp. 257-271
    • Gregoire, T.G.1    Schabenberger, O.2
  • 44
    • 0008175604 scopus 로고
    • Estimating spatial interaction models
    • HAINING, R. 1978. Estimating spatial interaction models. Environ: Plan. A. 10:305-320.
    • (1978) Environ: Plan. A. , vol.10 , pp. 305-320
    • Haining, R.1
  • 45
    • 0002650056 scopus 로고
    • Diameter growth equations for fourteen tree species in Southwest Oregon
    • For. Res. Lab., Oregon State Univ., Corvallis
    • HANN, D.W., AND D.R. LARSEN. 1991. Diameter growth equations for fourteen tree species in Southwest Oregon. For. Res. Lab., Oregon State Univ., Corvallis, OR. Res. Bull. 69. 18 p.
    • (1991) OR. Res. Bull. , vol.69
    • Hann, D.W.1    Larsen, D.R.2
  • 46
    • 0027044289 scopus 로고
    • Effects of the mode of competition on stationary size distribution in plant populations
    • HARA, T. 1992. Effects of the mode of competition on stationary size distribution in plant populations. Ann. Bot. 69:509-513.
    • (1992) Ann. Bot. , vol.69 , pp. 509-513
    • Hara, T.1
  • 47
    • 0032979904 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An individual-tree basal area growth model for black spruce in second-growth peatland stands
    • HOKKA, H., AND A. GROOT. 1999. An individual-tree basal area growth model for black spruce in second-growth peatland stands. Can. J. For. Res. 29:621-629.
    • (1999) Can. J. For. Res. , vol.29 , pp. 621-629
    • Hokka, H.1    Groot, A.2
  • 48
    • 0002364084 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multilevel approaches to modeling contextuality: From nuisance to substance in the analysis of voting behavior
    • Place and people: Multilevel modeling in geographical research, Wstert, P., and R.N. Verhoeff (eds.). Univ. of Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
    • JONES, J. 1997. Multilevel approaches to modeling contextuality: From nuisance to substance in the analysis of voting behavior. P. 19-40 in Place and people: Multilevel modeling in geographical research, Wstert, P., and R.N. Verhoeff (eds.). Nederlandse Geografische Studies 227, Univ. of Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
    • (1997) Nederlandse Geografische Studies 227 , pp. 19-40
    • Jones, J.1
  • 49
    • 0024184298 scopus 로고
    • Pattern of self-thinning in jack pine: Testing the random mortality hypothesis
    • KENKEL, N.C. 1988. Pattern of self-thinning in jack pine: Testing the random mortality hypothesis. Ecology 69:1017-1024.
    • (1988) Ecology , vol.69 , pp. 1017-1024
    • Kenkel, N.C.1
  • 50
    • 0024885541 scopus 로고
    • Local competition in a naturally established jack pine stand
    • KENKEL, N.C., J.A. HOSKINS, AND W.D. HOSKINS. 1989. Local competition in a naturally established jack pine stand. Can. J. Bot. 67:2630-2635.
    • (1989) Can. J. Bot. , vol.67 , pp. 2630-2635
    • Kenkel, N.C.1    Hoskins, J.A.2    Hoskins, W.D.3
  • 51
    • 0343487687 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Geostatistics in evaluating forest damage surveys: Considerations on methods for describing spatial distributions
    • KOHL, M., AND G. GERTNER. 1997. Geostatistics in evaluating forest damage surveys: Considerations on methods for describing spatial distributions. For. Ecol. Manage. 95:131-140.
    • (1997) For. Ecol. Manage. , vol.95 , pp. 131-140
    • Kohl, M.1    Gertner, G.2
  • 52
    • 0002847069 scopus 로고
    • Models for height development of Norway spruce and Scots pine advance growth after release in southern Finland
    • KOISTINEN, E., AND S. VALKONEN. 1993. Models for height development of Norway spruce and Scots pine advance growth after release in southern Finland. Sil. Fen. 27:179-194.
    • (1993) Sil. Fen. , vol.27 , pp. 179-194
    • Koistinen, E.1    Valkonen, S.2
  • 53
    • 0001160035 scopus 로고
    • Effect of crown shape and tree distribution on the spatial distribution of shade
    • KUULUVAINEN, T., AND T. PUKKALA. 1987. Effect of crown shape and tree distribution on the spatial distribution of shade. Agric. For. Meteorol. 40:215-231.
    • (1987) Agric. For. Meteorol. , vol.40 , pp. 215-231
    • Kuuluvainen, T.1    Pukkala, T.2
  • 54
    • 0002822624 scopus 로고
    • Mixed linear models for analyzing and predicting stem form variation of Scott pine
    • LAPPI, J. 1986. Mixed linear models for analyzing and predicting stem form variation of Scott pine. Commun. Inst. For. Fen. 134:1-69.
    • (1986) Commun. Inst. For. Fen. , vol.134 , pp. 1-69
    • Lappi, J.1
  • 55
    • 0001511957 scopus 로고
    • Calibration of height and volume equations with random parameters
    • LAPPI, J. 1991. Calibration of height and volume equations with random parameters. For. Sci. 37:781-801.
    • (1991) For. Sci. , vol.37 , pp. 781-801
    • Lappi, J.1
  • 56
    • 2642531913 scopus 로고
    • Influence of residual stand density on regeneration of northern hardwoods
    • LEAK, W.B., AND D.S. SOLOMON. 1975. Influence of residual stand density on regeneration of northern hardwoods. USDA For. Ser. Res. Pap. NE-310. 7 p.
    • (1975) USDA For. Ser. Res. Pap. NE-310
    • Leak, W.B.1    Solomon, D.S.2
  • 57
    • 0034094265 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Statistical tests for spatial nonstationarity based on the geographically weighted regression model
    • LEUNG, Y., C.L. MEI, AND W.X. ZHANG. 2000. Statistical tests for spatial nonstationarity based on the geographically weighted regression model. Environ. Plan. A. 32:9-32.
    • (2000) Environ. Plan. A. , vol.32 , pp. 9-32
    • Leung, Y.1    Mei, C.L.2    Zhang, W.X.3
  • 58
    • 0028156220 scopus 로고
    • Spatial autocorrelation of diameter and height increment predictions from two stand simulators for loblolly pine
    • LIU, J., AND H.E. BURKHART. 1994. Spatial autocorrelation of diameter and height increment predictions from two stand simulators for loblolly pine. For. Sci. 40:349-356.
    • (1994) For. Sci. , vol.40 , pp. 349-356
    • Liu, J.1    Burkhart, H.E.2
  • 59
    • 0028162205 scopus 로고
    • A method to adjust simultaneously for spatial microsite and competition effects
    • MAGNUSSEN, S. 1994. A method to adjust simultaneously for spatial microsite and competition effects. Can. J. For. Res. 24:985-995.
    • (1994) Can. J. For. Res. , vol.24 , pp. 985-995
    • Magnussen, S.1
  • 60
    • 0000892463 scopus 로고
    • Fitting discrete-time dynamic models having any time interval
    • MCDILL, M.E., AND R.L. AMATEIS. 1993. Fitting discrete-time dynamic models having any time interval. For. Sci. 39:499-519.
    • (1993) For. Sci. , vol.39 , pp. 499-519
    • McDill, M.E.1    Amateis, R.L.2
  • 61
    • 0001182579 scopus 로고
    • Local density variation may mimic effects of asymmetric competition on plant size variability
    • MILLER, T.E., AND J. WEINER. 1989. Local density variation may mimic effects of asymmetric competition on plant size variability. Ecology 70:1188-1191.
    • (1989) Ecology , vol.70 , pp. 1188-1191
    • Miller, T.E.1    Weiner, J.2
  • 62
    • 0027133999 scopus 로고
    • Characterizing spatial patterns of trees using stem-mapped data
    • MOEUR, M. 1993. Characterizing spatial patterns of trees using stem-mapped data. For. Sci. 39:756-775.
    • (1993) For. Sci. , vol.39 , pp. 756-775
    • Moeur, M.1
  • 63
    • 0022840460 scopus 로고
    • Time-series analysis of tree-ring chronologies
    • MONSERUD, R.A. 1986. Time-series analysis of tree-ring chronologies. For. Sci. 32:349-372.
    • (1986) For. Sci. , vol.32 , pp. 349-372
    • Monserud, R.A.1
  • 64
    • 0029668336 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A basal area increment model for individual trees growing in even- and uneven-aged forest stands in Austria
    • MONSERUD, R.A., AND H. STERBA. 1996. A basal area increment model for individual trees growing in even- and uneven-aged forest stands in Austria. For. Ecol. Manage. 80:57-80.
    • (1996) For. Ecol. Manage. , vol.80 , pp. 57-80
    • Monserud, R.A.1    Sterba, H.2
  • 65
    • 0032004113 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessing processes of intraspecific competition with spatially heterogeneous black spruce stands
    • NEWTON, P.F., AND P.A. JOLLIFFE. 1998. Assessing processes of intraspecific competition with spatially heterogeneous black spruce stands. Can. J. For. Res. 28:259-275.
    • (1998) Can. J. For. Res. , vol.28 , pp. 259-275
    • Newton, P.F.1    Jolliffe, P.A.2
  • 66
    • 0029513144 scopus 로고
    • A method for using random parameters in analyzing permanent sample plots
    • PENNER, M., T. PENTTILA, AND H. HOKKA. 1995. A method for using random parameters in analyzing permanent sample plots. Sil. Fen. 29:287-296.
    • (1995) Sil. Fen. , vol.29 , pp. 287-296
    • Penner, M.1    Penttila, T.2    Hokka, H.3
  • 67
    • 0024248567 scopus 로고
    • Effect of spatial distribution of trees on the volume increment of a young Scots pine stand
    • PUKKALA, T. 1988. Effect of spatial distribution of trees on the volume increment of a young Scots pine stand. Sil. Fen. 22:1-17.
    • (1988) Sil. Fen. , vol.22 , pp. 1-17
    • Pukkala, T.1
  • 68
    • 0024910719 scopus 로고
    • Prediction of tree diameter and height in a Scots pine stand as a function of the spatial pattern of trees
    • PUKKALA, T. 1989a. Prediction of tree diameter and height in a Scots pine stand as a function of the spatial pattern of trees. Sil. Fen. 23:83-99.
    • (1989) Sil. Fen. , vol.23 , pp. 83-99
    • Pukkala, T.1
  • 69
    • 0024898095 scopus 로고
    • Predicting diameter growth in even-aged Scots pine stands with a spatial and non-spatial model
    • PUKKALA, T. 1989b. Predicting diameter growth in even-aged Scots pine stands with a spatial and non-spatial model. Sil. Fen. 23:101-116.
    • (1989) Sil. Fen. , vol.23 , pp. 101-116
    • Pukkala, T.1
  • 70
    • 0002545568 scopus 로고
    • Competition indices and the prediction of radial growth in Scots pine
    • PUKKALA, T., AND T. KOLSTROM. 1987. Competition indices and the prediction of radial growth in Scots pine. Sil. Fen. 21:55-67.
    • (1987) Sil. Fen. , vol.21 , pp. 55-67
    • Pukkala, T.1    Kolstrom, T.2
  • 71
    • 0022191675 scopus 로고
    • Spatial autocorrelation of individual tree characteristics in loblolly pine stands
    • REED, D.D., AND H.E. BURKHART. 1985. Spatial autocorrelation of individual tree characteristics in loblolly pine stands. For. Sci. 31:575-587.
    • (1985) For. Sci. , vol.31 , pp. 575-587
    • Reed, D.D.1    Burkhart, H.E.2
  • 72
    • 0024843099 scopus 로고
    • A simple procedure for mapping tree location in forest stands
    • REED, D.D., H.O. LIECHTY, AND A.J. BURTON. 1989. A simple procedure for mapping tree location in forest stands. For. Sci. 35:657-662.
    • (1989) For. Sci. , vol.35 , pp. 657-662
    • Reed, D.D.1    Liechty, H.O.2    Burton, A.J.3
  • 73
    • 0030802707 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structure and asymmetry of tree crowns in relation to local competition in a natural mature Scots pine forest
    • ROUVINEN, S., AND T. KUULUVAINEN. 1997. Structure and asymmetry of tree crowns in relation to local competition in a natural mature Scots pine forest. Can. J. For. Res. 27:890-902.
    • (1997) Can. J. For. Res. , vol.27 , pp. 890-902
    • Rouvinen, S.1    Kuuluvainen, T.2
  • 74
    • 0028994084 scopus 로고
    • A conspectus on estimating function theory and its application to recurrent modeling issues in forest biometry
    • SCHABENBERGER, O., AND T.G. GREGOIRE. 1995. A conspectus on estimating function theory and its application to recurrent modeling issues in forest biometry. Sil. Fen. 29:49-70.
    • (1995) Sil. Fen. , vol.29 , pp. 49-70
    • Schabenberger, O.1    Gregoire, T.G.2
  • 75
    • 0347895827 scopus 로고
    • Autocorrelation and competition in even-aged stands of Douglas-fir in the Netherlands
    • USDA For. Serv. Gen. Tech. Rep. NC-120
    • SCHOONDERWOERD, H., AND G.M.J. MOHREN. 1988. Autocorrelation and competition in even-aged stands of Douglas-fir in the Netherlands. P. 619-626 in Forest growth modeling and prediction. USDA For. Serv. Gen. Tech. Rep. NC-120.
    • (1988) Forest Growth Modeling and Prediction. , pp. 619-626
    • Schoonderwoerd, H.1    Mohren, G.M.J.2
  • 76
    • 0348011428 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Local analysis of tree competition and growth
    • SHI, H., AND L. ZHANG. 2003. Local analysis of tree competition and growth. For. Sci. 49(6):938-955.
    • (2003) For. Sci. , vol.49 , Issue.6 , pp. 938-955
    • Shi, H.1    Zhang, L.2
  • 77
    • 0032465662 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Local spatial autocorrelation in a biological model
    • SOKAL, R.R., N.L. ODEN, AND B.A. THOMSON. 1998a. Local spatial autocorrelation in a biological model. Geog. Anal. 30:331-354.
    • (1998) Geog. Anal. , vol.30 , pp. 331-354
    • Sokal, R.R.1    Oden, N.L.2    Thomson, B.A.3
  • 78
    • 0031696340 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Local spatial autocorrelation in a biological variables
    • SOKAL, R.R., N.L. ODEN, AND B.A. THOMSON. 1998b. Local spatial autocorrelation in a biological variables. Biol. J. Lin. Soc. 65:41-62.
    • (1998) Biol. J. Lin. Soc. , vol.65 , pp. 41-62
    • Sokal, R.R.1    Oden, N.L.2    Thomson, B.A.3
  • 79
    • 0347265479 scopus 로고
    • The influence of stand density and structure on growth of northern hardwoods in New England
    • SOLOMON, D.S. 1977. The influence of stand density and structure on growth of northern hardwoods in New England. USDA For. Serv. Res. Pap. NE-362.
    • (1977) USDA For. Serv. Res. Pap. NE-362
    • Solomon, D.S.1
  • 80
    • 0027130323 scopus 로고
    • Calibrating a model of stochastic effects on diameter increment for individual-tree simulation of stand dynamics
    • STAGE, A.R., AND W.R. WYKOFF. 1993. Calibrating a model of stochastic effects on diameter increment for individual-tree simulation of stand dynamics. For. Sci. 39:692-705.
    • (1993) For. Sci. , vol.39 , pp. 692-705
    • Stage, A.R.1    Wykoff, W.R.2
  • 81
    • 0030732004 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modeling thinning effects on ring width distribution in loblolly pine
    • TASISSA, G., AND H.E. BURKHART. 1997. Modeling thinning effects on ring width distribution in loblolly pine. Can. J. For. Res. 27:1291-1301.
    • (1997) Can. J. For. Res. , vol.27 , pp. 1291-1301
    • Tasissa, G.1    Burkhart, H.E.2
  • 82
    • 0032489941 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An application of mixed effects analysis to modeling thinning effects on stem profile of loblolly pine
    • TASISSA, G., AND H.E. BURKHART. 1998. An application of mixed effects analysis to modeling thinning effects on stem profile of loblolly pine. For. Ecol. Manage. 103:87-101.
    • (1998) For. Ecol. Manage. , vol.103 , pp. 87-101
    • Tasissa, G.1    Burkhart, H.E.2
  • 83
    • 0000086576 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exploratory spatial data analysis with local statistics
    • UNWIN, A., AND D. UNWIN. 1998. Exploratory spatial data analysis with local statistics. The Statistician 47:415-421.
    • (1998) The Statistician , vol.47 , pp. 415-421
    • Unwin, A.1    Unwin, D.2
  • 85
    • 0002843390 scopus 로고
    • Autoregression analysis of forest growth
    • YANG, Y. 1984. Autoregression analysis of forest growth. Quart. J. Chin. For. 17:1-11.
    • (1984) Quart. J. Chin. For. , vol.17 , pp. 1-11
    • Yang, Y.1
  • 86
    • 0025624294 scopus 로고
    • Asymmetric competition in plant populations
    • WEINER, J. 1990. Asymmetric competition in plant populations. Tre. Ecol. Evol. 5:360-364.
    • (1990) Tre. Ecol. Evol. , vol.5 , pp. 360-364
    • Weiner, J.1
  • 88
    • 0001894350 scopus 로고
    • Use of diameter increment and basal area increment in tree growth studies
    • WEST, P.W. 1980. Use of diameter increment and basal area increment in tree growth studies. Can. J. For. Res. 10:71-77.
    • (1980) Can. J. For. Res. , vol.10 , pp. 71-77
    • West, P.W.1
  • 89
    • 0021618076 scopus 로고
    • Problems of hypothesis testing of regressions with multiple measurements from individual sampling units
    • WEST, P.W., D.A. RATKOWSKY, AND A.W. DAVIS. 1984. Problems of hypothesis testing of regressions with multiple measurements from individual sampling units. For. Ecol. Manage. 7:207-224.
    • (1984) For. Ecol. Manage. , vol.7 , pp. 207-224
    • West, P.W.1    Ratkowsky, D.A.2    Davis, A.W.3
  • 90
    • 0347873816 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exploratory spatial data by using interactive graphics and local statistics
    • WILHELM, A., AND R. STECK. 1998. Exploratory spatial data by using interactive graphics and local statistics. The Statistician 47:423-430.
    • (1998) The Statistician , vol.47 , pp. 423-430
    • Wilhelm, A.1    Steck, R.2
  • 91
    • 0025680587 scopus 로고
    • A basal area increment model for individual conifers in the northern Rocky Mountains
    • WYKOFF, W.R. 1990. A basal area increment model for individual conifers in the northern Rocky Mountains. For. Sci. 36:1077-1104.
    • (1990) For. Sci. , vol.36 , pp. 1077-1104
    • Wykoff, W.R.1
  • 92
    • 0033812079 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Integrating GIS components and spatial statistical analysis in DBMSs
    • ZHANG, Z., AND D.A. GRIFFITH. 2000. Integrating GIS components and spatial statistical analysis in DBMSs. Int. J. Geog. Inf. Sci. 14:543-566.
    • (2000) Int. J. Geog. Inf. Sci. , vol.14 , pp. 543-566
    • Zhang, Z.1    Griffith, D.A.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.