High prevalence of vasomotor reflex impairment in newly diagnosed leprosy patients

European Journal of Clinical Investigation

Volumn 35, Issue 10, 2005, Pages 658-665

  Illarramendi, Ximena ^a   Buhrer Sekula S ^b,d   Sales, A M ^a   Bakker, M I ^b,d   Oliveira, A ^a   Nery, J A C ^a   Oskam, L ^b,d   Wilder Smith, A ^c   Sampaio, E P ^a,d   Sarno, E N ^a  

^a INSTITUTO OSWALDO CRUZ   (Brazil)

^b Koninklijk Institut voor de Tropen   (Netherlands)

^c TAN TOCK SENG HOSPITAL   (Singapore)

^d ROYAL TROPICAL INSTITUTE   (Netherlands)

Author keywords

Dysautonomia; Laser Doppler velocimetry; Leprosy; Leprosy reaction; Peripheral neuropathy; Phenolic glycolipid I

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; ARTICLE; BRAZIL; CHILD; CUBITAL TUNNEL SYNDROME; DYSAUTONOMIA; FEMALE; HUMAN; IMMUNITY; INFLAMMATION; LASER DOPPLER FLOWMETRY; LEPROSY; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MYCOBACTERIUM LEPRAE; MYELINATED NERVE; NERVE INJURY; NONMYELINATED NERVE; PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM; PREVALENCE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SENSORY DYSFUNCTION; SKIN TEMPERATURE; VASOMOTOR REFLEX;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASES; CHILD; FEMALE; FINGERS; HUMANS; LASER-DOPPLER FLOWMETRY; LEPROSY; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; REFLEX, ABNORMAL; VASOMOTOR SYSTEM;

EID: 26044477459     PISSN: 00142972     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2362.2005.01554.x     Document Type: Article

References (38)

1. Rambukkana A. Molecular basis for the peripheral nerve predilection of Mycobacterium leprae. Curr Opin Microbiol 2001;4:21-7.
2. Shetty VP, Mehta LN, Antia NH, Irani PF. Teased fibre study of early nerve lesions in leprosy and in contacts, with electrophysiological correlates. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1977;40:708-11.
3. Swift TR, Sabin TD. Neurological manifestations of leprosy. Neurologist 1998;4:21-30.
4. Gadoth N, Bechar M, Kushnir M, Davidovitz S, Sandbank U. Somatosensory and autonomic neuropathy as the only manifestation of longstanding leprosy. J Neurol Sci 1979;43:471-7.
5. de Freitas MR, Nascimento OJ, Quaglino EA, Oliveira A, Hahn MD. Small-fiber polyneuropathy in leprosy without skin changes: study of 17 cases. Arq Neuropsiquiatr 2003;61:542-6.
6. Dastur DK, Ramamohan Y, Shah JS. Ultrastructure of lepromatous nerves. Neural pathogenesis in leprosy. Int J Lepr Other Mycobact Dis 1973;41:47-80.
7. Karanth SS, Springall DR, Lucas S, Levy D, Ashby P, Levene MM et al. Changes in nerves and neuropeptides in skin from 100 leprosy patients investigated by immunocytochemistry. J Pathol 1989;157:15-26.
8. Low PA, Neumann C, Dyck PJ, Fealey RD, Tuck RR. Evaluation of skin vasomotor reflexes by using laser Doppler velocimetry. Mayo Clin Proc 1983;58:583-92.
9. Westerman RA, Widdop RE, Hannaford J, Low A, Roberts RGD, Kent P et al. Laser Doppler velocimetry in the measurement of neurovascular function. Australas Phys Eng Sci Med 1988;11:53-66.
10. Ravits JM. Aaem Minimonograph #48: Autonomic nervous system testing. Muscle Nerve 1997;20:919-37.
11. Goldstein DS, Bonner RF, Zimlichman R, Zahn TP, Cannon RO 3rd, Rosing DR et al. Indices of sympathetic vascular innervation in sympathectomized patients. J Auton Nerv Syst 1980;15:309-18.
12. Abbot NC, Beck JS, Samson PD, Butlin CR, Brown RA, Forster A et al. Impairment of fingertip vasomotor reflexes in leprosy patients and apparently healthy contacts. Int J Lepr Other Mycobact Dis 1991;59:537-47.
13. Wilder-Smith E, Wilder-Smith A, Van Brakel WH, Egger M. Vasomotor reflex testing in leprosy patients, healthy contacts and controls: a cross-sectional study in western Nepal. Lepr Rev 1996;67:306-17.
14. Bell-Krotoski JÁ. 'Pocket' filaments and specifications for Semmes-Weinstein monofilaments. J Hand Ther 1990;3:26-31.
15. Anomynous. Aids to investigation of peripheral nerve injuries. Medical Research Council War Memorandum No. 7, 1962, 2nd ed. London: H.M. Stationery Office;p.48.
16. World Health Organization. Report consultation on disability prevention and rehabilitation in leprosy, Geneva: Author; 1987, p.9.
17. Smolander J, Härmä M, Lindqvist A, Kolari P, Laitinen LA. Circadian variation in peripheral blood flow in relation to core temperature at rest. Eur J Appl Physiol 1993;67:192-6.
18. Du Buf-Vereijken PWG, Netten PM, Wollersheim H, Festen J, Thien T. Skin vasomotor reflexes during inspiratory gasp: standardization by spirometric control does not improve reproducibility. Int J Microcirc 1997;17:86-92.
19. Buhrer-Sekula S, Sarno EN, Oskam L, Koop S, Wichers I, Nery JA et al. Use of ML dipstick as a tool to classify leprosy patients. Int J Lepr Other Mycobact Dis 2000;68:456-63.
20. Khattri HN, Radhakrishnan K, Kaur S, Kumar B, Wahi PL. Cardiac dysautonomia in leprosy. Int J Lepr Other Mycobact Dis 1978;46:172-4.
21. Solomon S, Kurian N, Ramadas P, Rao PSS. Incidence of nerve damage in leprosy patients treated with MDT. Int J Lepr 1998;66:451-5.
22. Saunderson P. The epidemiology of reactions and nerve damage. Lepr Rev 2000;71 (Suppl.):S106-10.
23. Jardim MR, Antunes SL, Santos AR, Nascimento OJ, Nery JA, Sales AM et al. Criteria for diagnosis of pure neural leprosy. J Neurol 2003;250:806-9.
24. Beck JS, Abbot NC, Samson PD, Butlin CR, Grange JM, Cree IA et al. Impairment of vasomotor reflexes in the fingertips of leprosy patients. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1991;54:965-71.
25. Gibbels E, Behse F, Klingmuller G, Henke-Lubke U, Haupt WF, Gollmer E. Sural nerve biopsy findings in leprosy: a qualitative and quantitative light and electron microscope study in four treated cases of the lepromatous spectrum. Clin Neuropathol 1988;7: 120-30.
26. Abbot NC, Beck JS, Rao BB, Feval F, Stanford JL, Weiss F et al. Circulation and sensation at the fingertips of claw hands. Lepr Rev 1994;65:341-9.
27. Oberle J, Elam M, Karlsson T, Wallin BG. Temperature-dependent interaction between vasoconstrictor and vasodilator mechanisms in human skin. Acta Physiol Scand 1988;132:459-69.
28. Ulvi H, Yoldas T, Yigiter R, Mungen B. R-R interval variation and the sympathetic skin response in the assessment of the autonomic nervous system in leprosy patients. Acta Neurol Scand 2003;107:42-9.
29. Abbot NC, Beck JS, Samson PD, Butlin CR, Bennett PJ, Grange JM. Cold fingers in leprosy. Int J Lepr Other Mycobact Dis 1992;60:580-6.
30. Khanolkar-Young S, Rayment N, Brickell PM, Katz DR, Vinayakumar S, Colston MJ et al. Tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) synthesis is associated with the skin and peripheral nerve pathology of leprosy reversal reactions. Clin Exp Immunol 1995;99:196-202.
31. Van Brakel WH, Khawas IB. Silent neuropathy in leprosy: an epidemiological description. Lepr Rev 1994;65:350-60.
32. Spierings E, De Boer T, Zulianello L, Ottenhoff TH. The role of Schwann cells, T cells and Mycobacterium leprae in the immunopathogenesis of nerve damage in leprosy. Lepr Rev 2000;71 (Suppl.):S121-9.
33. Wilder-Smith A, Wilder-Smith E. Effect of steroid therapy on parameters of peripheral autonomic dysfunction in leprosy patients with acute neuritis. Int J Lepr Other Mycobact Dis 1997;65:20-7.
34. + Th1 cells: a novel immunopathogenic mechanism of nerve damage in leprosy. J Immunol 2001;166:5883-8.
35. Rambukkana A, Zanazzi G, Tapinos N, Salzer JL. Contact-dependent demyelination by Mycobacterium leprae in the absence of immune cells. Science 2002;296:927-31.
36. Roche PW, Britton WJ, Failbus SS, Theuvenet WJ, Lavender M, Adiga RB. Serological responses in primary neuritic leprosy. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 1991;85:299-302.
37. Roche PW, Britton WJ, Failbus SS, Ludwig H, Theuvenet WJ, Adiga RB. Heterogeneity of serological responses in paucibacillary leprosy - differential responses to protein and carbohydrate antigens and correlation with clinical parameters. Int J Lepr Other Mycobact Dis 1990;58:319-27.
38. Cho SN, Cellona RV, Villahermosa LG, Fajardo TT Jr, Balagon MV, Abalos RM et al. Detection of phenolic glycolipid I of Mycobacterium leprae in sera from leprosy patients before and after start of multidrug therapy. Clin Diagn Lab Immunol 2001;8:138-42.