Influence of the crosstalk between growth hormone and insulin signalling on the modulation of insulin sensitivity

Growth Hormone and IGF Research

Volumn 15, Issue 5, 2005, Pages 324-336

  Dominici, Fernando P ^a   Argentino, Danila P ^a   Muñoz, Marina C ^a   Miquet, Johanna G ^a   Sotelo, Ana I ^a   Turyn, Daniel ^a  

^a UNIVERSIDAD DE BUENOS AIRES   (Argentina)

Author keywords

Adipo cytokines; Crosstalk; Growth hormone; IGF 1; Insulin resistance; Insulin sensitivity; IRS; Signal transduction; Suppressor of cytokine signaling

Indexed keywords

ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID; ADIPOCYTOKINE; ADIPONECTIN; FATTY ACID; GROWTH HORMONE; INSULIN; INSULIN RECEPTOR; INSULIN RECEPTOR SUBSTRATE 1; JANUS KINASE; PEROXISOME PROLIFERATOR ACTIVATED RECEPTOR ALPHA; PHOSPHATIDYLINOSITOL 3 KINASE; PROTEIN KINASE B; PROTEIN P85; STAT PROTEIN; SUPPRESSOR OF CYTOKINE SIGNALING 1; SUPPRESSOR OF CYTOKINE SIGNALING 3; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR ALPHA;

ACROMEGALY; DIABETES MELLITUS; ENZYME ACTIVATION; ENZYME ACTIVITY; ENZYME INHIBITION; ENZYME REGULATION; GLUCOSE METABOLISM; GLUCOSE TRANSPORT; GROWTH HORMONE DEFICIENCY; HORMONAL REGULATION; HORMONE ACTION; HORMONE RESISTANCE; HUMAN; HYPERINSULINEMIA; INSULIN LIKE ACTIVITY; INSULIN SENSITIVITY; KNOCKOUT MOUSE; NONHUMAN; PHENOTYPE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN ANALYSIS; PROTEIN EXPRESSION; PROTEIN FUNCTION; PROTEIN PHOSPHORYLATION; PROTEIN SYNTHESIS; REVIEW; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION; TRANSGENIC MOUSE; UPREGULATION;

EID: 26044464801     PISSN: 10966374     EISSN: 15322238     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.ghir.2005.07.001     Document Type: Article

References (151)

1. B.A. Houssay The hypophysis and metabolism N. Engl. J. Med. 214 1936 961
2. M.B. Davidson Effects of growth hormone on carbohydrate and lipid metabolism Endocr. Rev. 8 1987 115-131
3. J.O. Jorgensen M. Krag N. Jessen H. Norrelund E.T. Vestergaard N. Moller J.S. Christi Growth hormone and glucose metabolism Horm. Res. 62 2004 51-55
4. I. Hansen E. Tsalikian B. Beaufrere J. Gerich M. Haymond R. Rizza Insulin resistance in acromegaly: Defects in both hepatic and extrahepatic insulin action Am. J. Physiol. 250 1986 E269-E273
5. E.R. Trimble A.B. Atkinson K.D. Buchanan D.R. Hadden Plasma glucagon and insulin concentrations in acromegaly J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 51 1980 626-631
6. P.R. Bratusch-Marrain D. Smith R.A. DeFronzo The effect of growth hormone on glucose metabolism and insulin secretion in man J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 55 1982 973-982
7. N. Moller J. Moller J.O. Jorgensen P. Ovesen O. Schmitz et al. Impact of 2 weeks high dose growth hormone treatment on basal and insulin stimulated substrate metabolism in humans Clin. Endocrinol. (Oxford) 5 1993 575-581
8. R.A. Rizza L.J. Mandarino J.E. Gerich Effects of growth hormone on insulin action in man. Mechanisms of insulin resistance, impaired suppression of glucose production, and impaired stimulation of glucose utilization Diabetes 31 1982 663-669
9. M. Ader T. Agajanian D.T. Finegood R.N. Bergman Recombinant deoxyribonucleic acid-derived 22K- and 20K-human growth hormone generate equivalent diabetogenic effects during chronic infusion in dogs Endocrinology 120 1987 725-731
10. S.F. Ng L.H. Storlien E.W. Kraegen M.C. Stuart G.E. Chapman et al. Effect of biosynthetic human growth hormone on insulin action in individual tissues of the rat in vivo Metabolism 39 1990 264-268
11. P.-F. Bougneres E. Artavia-Loria P. Ferre J.-L. Chaussain L.-C. Job Effect of hypopituitarism and growth hormone replacement therapy on the production and utilization of glucose in childhood J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 61 1985 1152-1157
12. J.R. Daugaard J.L. Lausten B.S. Hanten E.A. Richter Insulin action in growth hormone-deficient and age-matched control rats: Effect of growth hormone treatment J. Endocrinol. 160 1999 127-135
13. N.J. Hopwood P.J. Forsman F.M. Kenny A.L. Drash Hypoglycemia in hypopituitary children Am. J. Disabl. Child. 129 1975 918-929
14. F.P. Dominici D. Turyn Growth hormone-induced alterations in the insulin-signaling system Exp. Biol. Med. 227 2002 149-157
15. A.R. Saltiel C.R. Kahn Insulin signaling and the regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism Nature 414 2001 799-806
16. MF. White IRS proteins and the common path to diabetes Am. J. Physiol. 283 2002 E413-E422
17. J. Chen H.B. Sadowski R.A. Kohanski L.H. Wang Stat5 is a physiological substrate of the insulin receptor Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 94 1997 2295-3000
18. G.J. Pronk J. McGlade G. Pelicci T. Pawson J.L. Bos Insulin-induced phosphorylation of the 46- and 52-kDa Shc proteins J. Biol. Chem. 268 1993 5748-5753
19. B. Thien W.Y. Langdon Cbl: Many adaptations to regulate protein tyrosine kinases Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell. Biol. 2 2001 294-307
20. C.A. Baumann V. Ribon M. Kanzaki D.C. Thurmond S. Mora et al. CAP defines a second signalling pathway required for insulin-stimulated glucose transport Nature 407 2000 202-207
21. J. Liu A. Kimura C.A. Baumann A.R. Saltiel APS facilitates c-Cbl tyrosine phosphorylation and GLUT4 translocation in response to insulin in 3T3-L1 adipocytes Mol. Cell. Biol. 22 2002 3599-3609
22. S.H. Chiang C.A. Baumann M. Kanzaki D.C. Thurmond R.T. Watson C.L. Neudauer I.G. Macara J.E. Pessin A.R. Saltiel Insulin-stimulated GLUT4 translocation requires the CAP-dependent activation of TC10 Nature 410 2001 944-948
23. J.C. Molero T.E. Jensen P.C. Withers M. Couzens H. Herzog C.B.F. Thien W.Y. Langdon K. Walder M.A. Murphy D.D.L. Bowtell D.E. James G.J. Cooney c-Cbl-deficient mice have reduced adiposity, higher energy expenditure, and improved peripheral insulin action J. Clin. Invest. 114 2004 1326-1333
24. A. Minami M. Iseki K. Kishi et al. Increased insulin sensitivity and hypoinsulinemia in APS knockout mice Diabetes 52 2003 2657-2665
25. E.A. Bard-Chapeau A.L. Henever S. Long E.E. Zhang J.M. Olefsky G.-S. Feng Deletion of Gab 1 in the liver leads to enhanced glucose tolerance and improved hepatic insulin action Nat. Med. 11 2005 567-571
26. A.M Johnston L. Pirola E. Van Obberghen Molecular mechanisms of insulin receptor substrate protein-mediated modulation of insulin signalling FEBS Lett. 546 2003 32-36
27. H. Eldar-Finkelman E.G. Krebs Phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate 1 by glycogen synthase kinase 3 impairs insulin action Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 94 1997 9660-9664
28. Y.F. Liu K. Paz A. Herschkovitz A. Alt T. Tennenbaum S.R. Sampson M. Ohba T. Kuroki D. LeRoith Y. Zick Insulin stimulates PKCzeta-mediated phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1). A self-attenuated mechanism to negatively regulate the function of IRS proteins J. Biol. Chem. 276 2001 14459-14465
29. M.J. Tanasijevic M.G. Myers Jr. R.S. Thomas D.L. Crimmins M.F. White D.B. Sacks Phosphorylation of the insulin receptor substrate IRS-1 by casein kinase II J. Biol. Chem. 268 1993 18157-18166
30. K. Lam C.L. Carpenter N.B. Ruderman J.C. Friel K.L. Kelly The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase serine kinase phosphorylates IRS-1. Stimulation by insulin and inhibition by Wortmannin J. Biol. Chem. 269 1994 20648-20652
31. V. Aguirre T. Uchida L. Yenush R. Davis M.F. White The c-Jun NH(2)-terminal kinase promotes insulin resistance during association with insulin receptor substrate-1 and phosphorylation of Ser (307) J. Biol. Chem. 275 2000 9047-9054
32. O.N. Ozes H. Akca L.D. Mayo J.A. Gustin T. Maehama J.E. Dixon D.B. Donner A phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt/mTOR pathway mediates and PTEN antagonizes tumor necrosis factor inhibition of insulin signaling through insulin receptor substrate-1 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 98 2001 4640-4645
33. Z. Gao D. Hwang F. Bataille M. Lefevre D. York M.J. Quon J. Ye Serine phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate 1 by inhibitor kappa β kinase complex J. Biol. Chem. 277 2002 48115-48121
34. K. De Fea R.A. Roth Modulation of insulin receptor substrate-1 tyrosine phosphorylation and function by mitogen-activated protein kinase J. Biol. Chem. 272 1997 31400-31406
35. G. Jiang Q. Dallas-Yang F. Liu D.E. Moller B.B. Zhang Salicylic acid reverses phorbol 12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA)-and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha)-induced insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1) serine 307 phosphorylation and insulin resistance in human embryonic kidney 293 (HEK293) cells J. Biol. Chem. 278 2003 180-186
36. Z. Gao A. Zuberi M.J. Quon Z. Dong J. Ye Aspirin inhibits serine phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate 1 in tumor necrosis factor-treated cells through targeting multiple serine kinases J. Biol. Chem. 278 2003 24944-24950
37. D.L. Krebs D.J. Hilton A new role for SOCS in insulin action Sci. STKE 169 2003 pe6
38. C. Kurlawalla-Martinez B. Stilles Y. Wang S.U. Devaskar B.B. Kahn H. Wu Insulin hypersensitivity and resistance to streptozotocin-induced diabetes in mice lacking PTEN in adipose tissue Mol. Cell. Biol. 25 2005 2498-2510
39. J. Herrington C. Carter-Su Signaling pathways activated by the growth hormone receptor Trends Endocrinol. Metab. 12 2001 252-257
40. B.C. Cunningham M. Ultsch A.M. De Vos M.G. Mulkerrin K.R. Clauser J.A. Wells Dimerization of the extracellular domain of the human growth hormone receptor by a single hormone molecule Science 254 1991 821-825
41. J. Herrington L.S. Smit J. Schwartz C. Carter-Su The role of STAT proteins in growth hormone signaling Oncogene 21 2000 2585-2597
42. C.M. Horvath STAT proteins and transcriptional responses to extracellular signals Trends Biochem. Sci. 25 2000 496-502
43. S. Teglund C. McKay E. Schuetz J.M. van Deursen D. Stravopodis D. Wang M. Brown S. Bodner G. Grosveld J.N. Ihle Stat5a and Stat5b proteins have essential and nonessential, or redundant, roles in cytokine responses Cell 93 1998 841-850
44. G.B. Udy R.P. Towers R.G. Snell R.J. Wilkins S.H. Park P.A. Ram D.J. Waxman H.W. Davey Requirement of STAT5b for sexual dimorphism of body growth rates and liver gene expression Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 94 1997 7239-7244
45. H.W. Davey T. Xie M.J. McLachlan R.J. Wilkins D.J. Waxman D.R. Grattan STAT5b is required for GH-induced liver IGF-I gene expression Endocrinology 142 2001 3836-3841
46. J. Woelfle P. Rotwein In vivo regulation of growth hormone-stimulated gene transcription by STAT5b Am. J. Physiol. 286 2004 E393-E401
47. R.G. Rosenfeld E. Kofoed C. Buckway B. Little K.A. Woods J. Tsubaki K.L. Pratt L. Bezrodnik H. Jasper A. Tepper J.J. Heinrich V. Hwa Identification of the first patient with a confirmed mutation of the JAK-STAT system Pediatr. Nephrol. 20 2005 303-305
48. V. Hwa B. Little P. Adiyaman E.M. Kofoed K.L. Pratt G. Ocal M. Berberoglu R.G. Rosenfeld Severe growth hormone insensitivity resulting from total absence of Stat5b J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 2005
49. J. VanderKuur G. Allevato N. Billestrup G. Norstedt C. Carter-Su Growth hormone-promoted tyrosyl phosphorylation of SHC proteins and SHC association with Grb2 J. Biol. Chem. 270 1995 7587-7593
50. J. VanderKuur E.R. Butch S.B. Waters J.E. Pessin K.L. Guan C. Carter-Su Signaling molecules involved in coupling growth hormone receptor to mitogen-activated protein kinase activation Endocrinology 138 1997 4301-4307
51. L. Liang T. Zhou J. Jiang J.H. Pierce T.A. Gustafson S.J. Frank Insulin receptor substrate-1 enhances growth hormone-induced proliferation Endocrinology 140 1999 1972-1983
52. L. Liang J. Jiang S.J. Frank Insulin receptor substrate-1-mediated enhancement of growth hormone-induced mitogen-activated protein kinase activation Endocrinology 141 2000 3328-3336
53. S.C. Souza P.G. Frick R. Yip R.B. Lobo L.R. Tai H.M. Goodman Growth hormone stimulates tyrosine phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate-1 J. Biol. Chem. 269 1994 30085-30088
54. M. Ridderstråle E. Degerman H. Tornqvist Growth hormone stimulates the tyrosine phosphorylation of the insulin receptor substrate-1 and its association with phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase in primary adipocytes J. Biol. Chem. 270 1995 3471-3474
55. L.S. Argetsinger G.W. Hsu M.G. Myers Jr. N. Billestrup M.F. White C. Carter-Su Growth hormone, interferon-gamma, and leukemia inhibitory factor promoted tyrosyl phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate-1 J. Biol. Chem. 270 1995 14685-14692
56. L.S. Argetsinger G. Norsted N. Billestrup M.F. White C. Carter-Su Growth hormone, interferon-, and leukemia inhibitory factor utilize insulin receptor substrate-2 in intracellular signaling J. Biol. Chem. 271 1996 29415-29421
57. E. Kilgour I. Gout N.G. Anderson Requirement for phosphoinositide 3-OH kinase in growth hormone signalling to the mitogen-activated protein kinase and p70S6K pathways Biochem. J. 315 1996 517-522
58. T. Yamauchi Y. Kaburagi K. Ueki et al. Growth hormone and prolactin stimulate tyrosine phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate-1, -2 and -3, their association with p85 phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3-kinase) and concomitantly PI3-kinase activation via JAK2 kinase J. Biol. Chem. 273 1998 15719-15726
59. A.C.P. Thirone C.R.O. Carvalho M.J.A. Saad Growth hormone stimulates the tyrosine kinase activity of JAK2 and induces tyrosine phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrates and SHC in rat tissues Endocrinology 140 1999 55-62
60. C.J. Greenhalgh W.S. Alexander Suppressors of cytokine signalling and regulation of growth hormone action Growth Horm. IGF Res. 14 2004 200-206
61. A.M. Turnley Role of SOCS2 in growth hormone actions Trends Endocrinol. Metab. 16 2005 53-58
62. M.R. Stofega J. Herrington N. Billestrup C. Carter-Su Mutation of the SHP-2 binding site in growth hormone (GH) receptor prolongs GH-promoted tyrosyl phosphorylation of GH receptor, JAK2, and STAT5B Mol. Endocrinol. 14 2000 1338-1350
63. M. Ridderstrale H. Tornqvist Effects of tyrosine kinase inhibitors on tyrosine phosphorylations and the insulin-like effects in response to human growth hormone in isolated rat adipocytes Endocrinology 137 1996 4650-4656
64. H. Eriksson M. Ridderstrale H. Tornqvist Tyrosine phosphorylation of the growth hormone (GH) receptor and Janus tyrosine kinase-2 is involved in the insulin-like actions of GH in primary rat adipocytes Endocrinology 136 1995 5093-5101
65. M. Ridderstrale H. Tornqvist PI-3-kinase inhibitor Wortmannin blocks the insulin-like effects of growth hormone in isolated rat adipocytes Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 203 1994 306-310
66. I. Yokota H. Hayashi J. Matsuda T. Saijo E. Naito M. Ito Y. Ebina Y. Kuroda Effect of growth hormone on the translocation of GLUT4 and its relation to insulin-like and anti-insulin action Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1404 1998 451-456
67. M. Sakaue S. Nishio H. Ueno M. Kasuga Phosphoinositide 3-kinase is required for insulin-induced but not for growth hormone- or hyperosmolarity-induced glucose uptake in 3T3-L1 adipocytes Mol. Endocrinol. 11 1997 1552-1562
68. J.A. Costoya J. Finidori S. Moutoussamy R. Searis J. Devesa V.M. Arce Activation of growth hormone receptor delivers and antiapoptotic signal: evidence for a role for Akt in this pathway Endocrinology 140 1999 5937-5943
69. G. Piwie-Pilipuk D. Van Mater S.E. Ross O.A. MacDougald J. Schwartz Growth hormone regulates the phosphorylation and function of CCAAT/ enhancer-binding protein beta by modulating Akt and glycogen synthase kinase-3 J. Biol. Chem. 276 2001 19664-19671
70. S. Ji S.J. Frank J.L. Messina Growth hormone-induced differential desensitization of STAT5, ERK, and Akt phosphorylation J. Biol. Chem. 277 2002 28384-28393
71. M. Ridderstrale J. Amstrup D.J. Hilton N. Billestrup H. Tornqvist SOCS-3 is involved in the downregulation of the acute insulin-like effects of growth hormone in rat adipocytes by inhibition of Jak2/IRS-1 signaling Horm. Metab. Res. 35 2003 169-177
72. M. Ridderstrale Signalling mechanism for the insulin-like effects of growth hormone. Another example of a classical hormonal negative feedback loop Curr. Drug Targets Immune Endocr. Metabol. Disord. 5 2005 79-92
73. J.C. Chow P.R. Ling Z. Qu L. Laviola A. Ciccarone B.R. Bistrian R.J. Smith Growth hormone stimulates tyrosine phosphorylation of JAK2 and STAT5, but not insulin receptor substrate-1 or SHC proteins in liver and skeletal muscle of normal rats in vivo Endocrinology 137 1996 2880-2886
74. F.P. Dominici D. Cifone A. Bartke D. Turyn Loss of sensitivity to insulin at early events of the insulin signaling pathway in the liver of growth hormone-transgenic mice J. Endocrinol. 161 1999 383-392
75. F.P Dominici D. Cifone A. Bartke D. Turyn Alterations in the early steps of the insulin-signaling system in skeletal muscle of GH-transgenic mice Am. J. Physiol. 277 1999 E447-E454
76. A. Valera J.E. Rodriguez-Gil J.S. Yun M.M. McGrane R.W. Hanson F. Bosch Glucose metabolism in transgenic mice containing a chimeric P-enol pyruvatecarboxykinase/bovine growth hormone FASEB J. 7 1993 791-800
77. J.J. Kopchick L.L. Bellush K.T. Coschigano Transgenic models of growth hormone action Annu. Rev. Nutr. 19 1999 437-461
78. F. Frick M. Bohlooly-Y D. Linden B. Olsson J. Tornell S. Eden J. Oscarsson Long-term growth hormone excess induces marked alterations in lipoprotein metabolism in mice Am. J. Physiol. 281 2001 E1230-E1239
79. B. Olsson M. Bohlooly-Y O. Brusehed O.G. Isaksson B. Ahren S.O. Olofsson J. Oscarsson J. Tornell Bovine growth hormone-transgenic mice have major alterations in hepatic expression of metabolic genes Am. J. Physiol. 285 2003 E504-E511
80. N. Venkatesan M.B. Davidson Insulin resistance in rats harboring growth hormone-secreting tumors: Decreased receptor number but increased kinase activity in liver Metabolism 44 1995 75-84
81. A. Balbis A. Bartke D. Turyn Overexpression of bovine growth hormone in transgenic mice is associated with changes in hepatic insulin receptors and in their kinase activity Life Sci. 59 1996 1363-1371
82. F.P. Dominici A. Balbis A. Bartke D. Turyn Role of hyperinsulinemia on hepatic insulin receptor concentration and autophosphorylation in the presence of high growth hormone levels in transgenic mice overexpressing growth hormone gene J. Endocrinol. 159 1998 15-25
83. A.C. Thirone C.R. Carvalho S.L. Brenelli L.A. Velloso M.J. Saad Effect of chronic growth hormone treatment on insulin signal transduction in rat tissues Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. 130 1997 33-42
84. A.C. Thirone E.V. Paez-Espinosa C.R. Carvalho M.J. Saad Regulation of insulin-stimulated tyrosine phosphorylation of Shc and IRS-1 in the muscle of rats: Effect of growth hormone and epinephrine FEBS Lett. 421 1998 191-196
85. T.R. Smith J.S. Elmendorf T.S. David J. Turinsky Growth hormone-induced insulin resistance: Role of the insulin receptor, IRS-1, GLUT-1, and GLUT-4 Am. J. Physiol. 272 1997 E1071-E1079
86. T. Johansen C. Laurino A. Barreca K. Malmlof Reduction of adiposity with prolonged growth hormone treatment in old obese rats: Effects on glucose handling and early insulin signaling Growth Horm. IGF Res. 15 2005 55-63
87. K.E. Borg H.M. Brown-Borg A. Bartke Assessment of the primary adrenal cortical and pancreatic hormone basal levels in relation to plasma glucose and age in the unstressed Ames dwarf mouse Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 210 1995 126-133
88. F.P. Dominici S. Hauck D.P. Argentino A. Bartke D. Turyn Increased insulin sensitivity and upregulation of insulin receptor, insulin receptor substrate (IRS)-1 and IRS-2 in liver of Ames dwarf mice J. Endocrinol. 173 2002 81-94
89. K.T. Coschigano, M.E Riders, L.L Bellush, J.J Kopchick, Glucose metabolism in growth hormone receptor/binding protein gene disrupted mice, in: 81st Annual Meeting of the Endocrine Society, San Diego, CA, Abstract P3-537, 1999, p. 553.
90. F.P. Dominici G. Arostegui Diaz J.J. Kopchick A. Bartke D. Turyn Compensatory alterations of insulin signal transduction in liver of growth hormone receptor knockout mice J. Endocrinol. 166 2000 579-590
91. S.J. Hauck W.S. Hunter N. Danilovich J.J. Kopchick A. Bartke Reduced levels of thyroid hormones, insulin, and glucose, and lower body core temperature in the growth hormone receptor/binding protein knockout mouse Exp. Biol. Med. 226 2001 552-558
92. J.L. Liu K.T. Coschigano K. Robertson M. Lipsett Y. Guo J.J. Kopchick U. Kumar Y.L. Liu Disruption of growth hormone receptor gene causes diminished pancreatic islet size and increased insulin sensitivity in mice Am. J. Physiol. 287 2004 E405-E413
93. K. Ueki T. Kondo Y.H. Tseng C.R. Kahn Central role of suppressors of cytokine signaling proteins in hepatic steatosis, insulin resistance, and the metabolic syndrome in the mouse Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 101 2004 10422-10427
94. R.A. Mooney J. Senn S. Cameron N. Inamdar L.M. Boivin Y. Shang R.W. Furlanetto Suppressors of cytokine signaling-1 and -6 associate with and inhibit the insulin receptor. A potential mechanism for cytokine-mediated insulin resistance J. Biol. Chem. 276 2001 25889-25893
95. B. Emanuelli P. Peraldi C. Filloux D. Sawka-Verhelle D. Hilton E. Van Obberghen SOCS-3 is an insulin-induced negative regulator of insulin signaling J. Biol. Chem. 275 2000 15985-15991
96. M. Fasshauer S. Kralisch M. Klier U. Lossner M. Bluher J. Klein R. Paschke Insulin resistance-inducing cytokines differentially regulate SOCS mRNA expression via growth factor- and Jak/Stat-signaling pathways in 3T3-L1 adipocytes J. Endocrinol. 181 2004 129-138
97. L. Rui M. Yuan D. Franz S. Shoelson M.F. White SOCS-1 and SOCS-3 block insulin signaling by ubiquiting-mediated degradation of IRS-1 and IRS-2 J. Biol. Chem. 277 2002 42394-42398
98. K. Ueki T. Kondo C.R. Kahn Suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 (SOCS-1) and SOCS-3 cause insulin resistance through inhibition of tyrosine phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate proteins by discrete mechanisms Mol. Cell. Biol. 24 2004 5434-5446
99. Y. Kawazoe T. Naka M. Fujimoto et al. Signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)-induced STAT inhibitor 1 (SSI-1)/suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 (SOCS1) inhibits insulin signal transduction pathway through modulating insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS-1) phosphorylation J. Exp. Med. 193 2001 263-269
100. R.R. Prattali G.C. Barreiro C.T. Caliseo F.Y. Fugiwara M. Ueno P.O. Prada L.A. Velloso M.J. Saad J.B. Carvalheira Aspirin inhibits serine phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate 1 in growth hormone treated animals FEBS Lett. 579 2005 3152-3158
101. T. Zhu E.L. Goh D. LeRoith P.E. Lobie Growth hormone stimulates the formation of a multiprotein signaling complex involving p130(Cas) and CrkII, resultant activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase/stress-activated protein kinase (JNK/SAPK) J. Biol. Chem. 273 1998 33864-33875
102. T. Kadowaki T. Yamauchi Adiponectin and adiponectin receptors Endocr. Rev. 26 2005 439-451
103. K.S. Lam A. Xu K.C. Tan L.C. Wong S.C. Tiu S. Tam Serum adiponectin is reduced in acromegaly and normalized after correction of growth hormone excess J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 89 2004 5448-5453
104. D.E. Berryman E.O. List K.T. Coschigano K. Behar J.K. Kim J.J. Kopchick Comparing adiposity profiles in three mouse models with altered GH signaling Growth Horm. IGF Res. 14 2004 309-318
105. L. Nilsson N. Binart M. Bohlooly-Y M. Bramnert E. Egecioglu J. Kindblom P.A. Kelly J.J. Kopchick C.J. Ormandy C. Ling H. Billig Prolactin and growth hormone regulate adiponectin secretion and receptor expression in adipose tissue Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 331 2005 1120-1126
106. A. Fukuhara M. Matsuda M. Nishizawa K. Segawa et al. Visfatin: A protein secreted by visceral fat that mimics the effects of insulin Science 307 2005 426-430
107. S. Kralisch J. Klein U. Lossner M. Bluher R. Paschke M. Stumvoll M. Fasshauer Hormonal regulation of the novel adipocytokine visfatin in 3T3-L1 adipocytes J. Endocrinol. 185 2005 R1-R8
108. Y. Terauchi Y. Tsuji S. Satoh et al. Increased insulin sensitivity and hypoglycaemia in mice lacking the p85 alpha subunit of phosphoinositide 3-kinase Nat. Genet. 21 1999 230-235
109. K. Ueki C.M. Yballe S.M. Brachmann D. Vicent J.M. Watt C.R. Kahn L.C. Cantley Increased insulin sensitivity in mice lacking p85β subunit of phosphoinositide 3-kinase Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 99 2002 419-424
110. F. Mauvais-Jarvis K. Ueki D.A. Fruman M.F. Hirshman K. Sakamoto L.J. Goodyear M. Iannacone D. Accili L.C. Cantley C.R. Kahn Reduced expression of the murine p85α subunit of phosphoinositide 3-kinase improves insulin signaling and ameliorates diabetes J. Clin. Invest. 109 2002 141-149
111. S.M. Brachmann K. Ueki J.A. Engelman R.C. Kahn L.C. Cantley Phosphoinositide 3-kinase catalytic subunit deletion and regulatory subunit deletion have opposite effects on insulin sensitivity in mice Mol. Cell. Biol. 25 2005 1596-1607
112. L.A. Barbour J. Shao L. Qiao W. Leitner M. Anderson J.E. Friedman B. Draznin Human placental growth hormone increases expression of the p85 regulatory unit of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and triggers severe insulin resistance in skeletal muscle Endocrinology 145 2004 1144-1150
113. D.L. Le Roith C. Bondy S. Yakar J.-L. Liu A. Butler The somatomedin hypothesis 2001 Endocr. Rev. 22 2001 53-74
114. D.R. Clemmons Roles of insulin-like growth factor-I and growth hormone in mediating insulin resistance in acromegaly Pituitary 5 2002 181-183
115. D.R. Clemmons The relative roles of growth hormone and IGF-1 in controlling insulin sensitivity J. Clin. Invest. 113 2004 25-27
116. B. Lamothe B. Baudry P. Desbois L. Lamotte D. Bucchini P. De Meyts R.L. Joshi Genetic engineering in mice: Impact on insulin signalling and action Biochem. J. 335 1998 193-204
117. C.R. Kahn J.C. Bruning M.D. Michael R.N. Kulkarni Knockout mice challenge our concepts of glucose homeostasis and the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus J. Pediatr. Endocrinol. Metab. 13 Suppl. 6 2000 1377-1384
118. F. Mauvais-Jarvis R.N. Kulkarni C.R. Kahn Knockout models are useful tools to dissect the pathophysiology and genetics of insulin resistance Clin. Endocrinol. (Oxford) 57 2002 1-9
119. S.L. Marban J.A. DeLoia J.D. Gearhart Hyperinsulinemia in transgenic mice carrying multiple copies of the human insulin gene Dev. Genet. 10 1989 356-364
120. D. Accili J. Drago E.J. Lee M.D. Johnson M.H. Cool P. Salvatore L.D. Asico P.A. Jose S.I. Taylor H. Westphal Early neonatal death in mice homozygous for a null allele of the insulin receptor gene Nat. Genet. 12 1996 106-109
121. M.D. Michael R.N. Kulkarni C. Postic S.F. Previs G.I. Shulman M.A. Magnuson C.R. Kahn Loss of insulin signaling in hepatocytes leads to severe insulin resistance and progressive hepatic dysfunction Mol. Cell 6 2000 87-97
122. J.C Bruning M.D. Michael J.N. Winnay T. Hayashi D. Horsch D. Accili L.J. Goodyear C.R. Kahn A muscle-specific insulin receptor knockout exhibits features of the metabolic syndrome of NIDDM without altering glucose tolerance Mol. Cell 2 1998 559-569
123. R.N. Kulkarni J.C. Bruning J.N. Winnay C. Postic M.A. Magnuson C.R. Kahn Tissue-specific knockout of the insulin receptor in pancreatic beta cells creates an insulin secretory defect similar to that in type 2 diabetes Cell 96 1999 329-339
124. H. Tamemoto T. Kadowaki K. Tobe et al. Insulin resistance and growth retardation in mice lacking insulin receptor substrate-1 Nature 372 1994 182-186
125. E. Araki M.A. Lipes M.E. Patti J.C. Bruning B. Haag III R.S. Johnson C.R. Kahn Alternative pathway of insulin signalling in mice with targeted disruption of the IRS-1 gene Nature 372 1994 186-190
126. D.J. Withers J.S. Gutierrez H. Towery D.J. Burks J.M. Ren S. Previs Y. Zhang D. Bernal S. Pons G.I. Shulman S. Bonner-Weir M.F. White Disruption of IRS-2 causes type 2 diabetes in mice Nature 391 1998 900-904
127. Y. Kido D.J. Burks D. Withers J.C. Bruning C.R. Kahn M.F. White D. Accili Tissue-specific insulin resistance in mice with mutations in the insulin receptor, IRS-1, and IRS-2 J. Clin. Invest. 105 2000 199-205
128. L. Powell-Braxton P. Hollingshead C. Warburton M. Dowd S. Pitts-Meek D. Dalton N. Gillett T.A. Stewart IGF-I is required for normal embryonic growth in mice Genes Dev. 7 1993 2609-2617
129. L. Powell-Braxton P. Hollingshead D. Giltinan S. Pitts-Meek T. Stewart Inactivation of the IGF-I gene in mice results in perinatal lethality Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 629 1993 300-301
130. J. Baker J.P. Liu E.J. Robertson A. Efstratiadis Role of insulin-like growth factors in embryonic and postnatal growth Cell 75 1993 73-82
131. J.P. Liu J. Baker A.S. Perkins E.J. Robertson A. Efstratiadis Mice carrying null mutations of the genes encoding insulin-like growth factor I (Igf-1) and type 1 IGF receptor (Igf1r) Cell 75 1993 59-72
132. H.P. Guler J. Zapf E.R. Froesch Short term metabolic effects of recombinant human insulin-like growth factor-1 in healthy adults N. Engl. J. Med. 317 1987 137-140
133. R. Jacob E. Barret G. Plewe K.D. Fagin R.S. Sherwin Acute effects of insulin-like growth factor I on glucose and amino acid metabolism in the awake fasted rat. Comparison with insulin J. Clin. Invest. 83 1989 1717-1723
134. E.J. Schoenle P.D. Zenobi T. Torresani E.A. Werder M. Zachmann E.R. Froesch Recombinant human insulin-like growth factor I (rhIGF I) reduces hyperglycaemia in patients with extreme insulin resistance Diabetologia 34 1991 675-679
135. L.A. Morrow M.B. O'Brien D.E. Moller J.S. Flier A.C. Moses Recombinant human insulin-like growth factor-I therapy improves glycemic control and insulin action in the type A syndrome of severe insulin resistance J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 79 1994 205-210
136. M.A. Bach E. Chin C.A. Bondy The effects of subcutaneous insulin-like growth factor-I infusion in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 79 1994 1040-1045
137. T.D. Cheetham J.M. Holly K. Clayton S. Cwyfan-Hughes D.B. Dunger The effects of repeated daily recombinant human insulin-like growth factor I administration in adolescents with type 1 diabetes Diabet. Med. 12 1995 885-892
138. A.C. Moses L.A. Morrow M. O'Brien D.E. Moller J.S. Flier Insulin-like growth factor I (rhIGF-I) as a therapeutic agent for hyperinsulinemic insulin-resistant diabetes mellitus Diabetes Res. Clin. Pract. 28 1995 S185-S194
139. A.C. Moses S.C. Young L.A. Morrow M. O'Brien D.R. Clemmons Recombinant human insulin-like growth factor I increases insulin sensitivity and improves glycemic control in type II diabetes Diabetes 45 1996 91-100
140. A. Ullrich J. Schlessinger Signal transduction by receptors with tyrosine kinase activity Cell 61 1990 203-212
141. A. Ullrich A. Gray A.W. Tam et al. Insulin-like growth factor I receptor primary structure: Comparison with insulin receptor suggests structural determinants that define functional specificity EMBO J. 5 1986 2503-2512
142. G. Steele-Perkins J. Turner J.C. Edman J. Hari S.B. Pierce C. Stover W.J. Rutter R.A. Roth Expression and characterization of a functional human insulin-like growth factor I receptor J. Biol. Chem. 263 1988 11486-11492
143. G.L. Dohm C.W. Elton M.S. Raju et al. IGF-1-stimulated glucose transport in human skeletal muscle and IGF-1 resistance in obesity and NIDDM Diabetes 39 1990 1028-1032
144. M.A. Soos J. Whittaker R. Lammers A. Ullrich K. Siddle Receptors for insulin and insulin-like growth factor-I can form hybrid dimers. Characterisation of hybrid receptors in transfected cells Biochem. J. 270 1990 383-390
145. M.A. Soos C.E. Field K. Siddle Purified hybrid insulin/insulin-like growth factor-I receptors bind insulin-like growth factor-I, but not insulin, with high affinity Biochem. J. 290 1993 419-426
146. E.M. Bailyes B.T. Nave M.A. Soos S.R. Orr A.C. Hayward K. Siddle Insulin receptor/IGF-I receptor hybrids are widely distributed in mammalian tissues: Quantification of individual receptor species by selective immunoprecipitation and immunoblotting Biochem. J. 327 1997 209-215
147. T. O'Connell D.R. Clemmons IGF-I/IGF-binding protein-3 combination improves insulin resistance by GH-dependent and independent mechanisms J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 87 2002 4356-4360
148. S. Yakar J.-L. Liu A.M. Fernandez Y. Wu A.V. Schally J. Frystyk S.D. Chernausek M.W. Mejia D. LeRoith Liver-specific igf-1 gene deletion leads to muscle insulin insensitivity Diabetes 50 2001 1110-1118
149. A.M. Fernandez J.K. Kim S. Yakar J. Dupont C. Hernandez-Sanchez A.L. Castle J. Filmore G.I. Shulman D. Le Roith Functional inactivation of the IGF-1 and insulin receptors in skeletal muscle causes type 2 diabetes Genes Dev. 15 2001 1926-1934
150. M. Haluzik S. Yakar O. Gavrilova J. Setser Y. Boisclair D. LeRoith Insulin resistance in the liver-specific IGF-1 gene-deleted mouse is abrogated by deletion of the acid-labile subunit of the IGF-binding protein-3 complex: Relative roles of growth hormone and IGF-1 in insulin resistance Diabetes 52 2003 2483-2489
151. S. Yakar J. Setser H. Zhao B. Stannard M. Haluzik V. Glatt M.L. Bouxsein J.J. Kopchick D. LeRoith Inhibition of growth hormone action improves insulin sensitivity in liver IGF-1 deficient mice J. Clin. Invest. 113 2004 96-105