Sediment provenance and Karoo rift basin evolution in the Kilombero Rift Valley, Tanzania

South African Journal of Geology

Volumn 104, Issue 2, 2001, Pages 137-150

  Nilsen, O ^a   Hagen, E ^a   Dypvik, H ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF OSLO   (Norway)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 25444510655     PISSN: 10120750     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2113/1040137     Document Type: Article

References (65)

1. Andriessen, A.M., Coolen, J.J. and Hebeda, E.H. (1985). K-Ar hornblende dating of late Pan-African metamorphism in the Furua Granulite Complex of Southern Tanzania. Precambrian Research, 30, 351-360.
2. Appel, P., Möller, A., Schenk, V. and Muhongo, S. (1993). Granulite facies metamorphism in the Pan African Mozambique Belt of Tanzania. proceedings of the 16th Colloquium On African Geology, Mbabane, Swaziland, 19-21.
3. Coolen, J.J.M.M.M., Priem, H.N.A., Verdurmen, E.A.T. and Verschure, R.H. (1982). Possible zircon U-Pb evidence for Pan-African granulite facies metamorphism in the Mozambique belt of Southern Tanzania. Precambrian Research, 17, 31-40.
4. Deer, W.A., Howie, R.A. and Zussman, J. (1992). An introduction to the rock-forming minerals. Longman, Essex, U.K., 696 pp.
5. Dingle, R., Siesser, W.G. and Newton, A.R. (1983). Mesozoic and Tertiary Geology of Southern Africa. A.A. Balkema, Holland, 375 pp.
6. Dypvik, H., Nesteby, H., Ruden, F., Aagaard, P., Johansson, T., Msindai, J. and Massay, C. (1990). Upper Paleozoic and Mesozoic sedimentation in the Rukwa - Tukuyu Region, Tanzania. Journal Of African Earth Science, 11, 437-456.
7. Dypvik, H., Nilsen, O. and Kaaya, C. (1997). The Karoo (Permian) succession of the Kilombero Valley, Tanzania. In: Jacob, A.W.B., Delvaux, D. and Khan, M.A. (eds.), Lithospheric Structure, Evolution And Sedimentation In Continental Rifts, Proceediungs of IGCP Project 400, Geophysical Bulletin, 48, 53-56.
8. Dypvik, H., Hankel, O., Nilsen, O., Kaaya, C. and Kilembe, E. (2001). The lithostratigraphy of the Karoo supergroup in the Kilombero Rift Valley, Tanzania. Journal Of African Earth Science, 32 (In press).
9. Ebinger, C. (1989). Tectonic development of the western branch of the East African rift system. Geological Society Of America Bulletin, 101, 885-903.
10. Ebinger, C., Deino, A.L., Tesha, A.L., Becker, T. and Ring, U. (1993). Tectonic controls of rift basin morphology: Evolution of the Northern Malawi (Nyasa) rift. Journal Of Geophysical Resesarch, 98, 17821-17836.
11. Frostick, L.E. and Reid, I. (1989). Is structure the main control of river drainage and sedimentation in rifts? Journal Of African Earth Science, 8, 165-183.
12. Gabert, G. (1973). Über granitische Gesteine des Dodoman und Usagaran im südlichen Hochland von Tanzania (Ostafrika). Geologische Jahrbuch, 6, 1-50.
13. Gabert, G. and Wendt, I. (1974), Datierung von granitischen Gesteine im Dodoman- und Usagaran-System und in der Ndembara-Serie (Tanzania). Geologische Jahrbuch, 11, 3-55.
14. Galehouse, J.S. (1971). Pointcounting. In: R.E. Carver (ed.). Procedures in sedimentary petrology. Wiley, New York, USA, 385-407.
15. Goldich, S. (1938). A study of rock weathering. Journal Of Geology, 46, 17-58.
16. Hankel, O. (1987). Lithostratigraphic subdivision of the Karoo rocks of the Luwego Basin (Tanzania) and their biostratigraphic classification based on microfloras, macrofloras, fossil woods and vertebrates. Geologische Rundschau, 76, 539-565.
17. Hankel, O. (1994). Early Permian to Middle Jurassic rifting and sedimentation in East Africa and Madagascar. Geologische Rundschau, 83, 703-710.
18. Hepworth, J.V. (1972). The Mozambique orogenic belt and its foreland in northeast Tanzania: a photogeologically-based study. Journal Of The Geological Society Of London, 128, 461-500.
19. Holmes, A. (1951). The sequence of Precambrian orogenic belts in south and central Africa. 18th International Geological Congress, Great Britain, Report, 14, 254-269.
20. Kaaya, C. (1992). Depositional environmentof late Permian Karoo beds in the Ruhuhu Basin and Mikumi area of Tanzania. Geological Institute Of The University Of Köln Sonderveröffentlichungen, 83, 126pp.
21. Kennedy, W.Q. (1964). The structural differentiation of Africa in the Pan-African (± 500 million years) tectonic episode. 8th Annual Report Of The Research Institute On African Geology, Leeds University, U.K., 48-49.
22. Kent, P.E., Hunt, M.A. and Johnstone, M.A. (1971). The geology and geophysics of coastal Tanzania. Natural Environment Research Council, Institute Of Geological Science, Geophysical Paper, 6, 101pp.
23. Kjolhamar, B. (1996). Petrografisk og diagenetisk utvikling av permiske Karoo bergarter i Kilomberoriften Tanzania. Thesis (Cand. scient)(unpublished), University of Oslo, Norway (In Norwegian), 174 pp.
24. Kogbe, C. A. and Burollet, P. F. (1990). A review of continental sediments in Africa. Journal Of African Earth Science, 10, 1-25.
25. Kreuser, T. (1983). Stratigraphie der Karoo-Becken in Ost-Tanzania. Geological Institute Of The University Of Köln Sonderveröffentlichungen, 45, 217 pp.
26. Kriegsman, L.M. (1995). The Pan African event in East Antarctica: A view from Sri Lanka and the Mozambique Belt. Precambrian Reseasrch, 75, 263-277.
27. Kröner, A. (1984). Late Precambrian plate tectonics and orogeny: A need to redefine the term Pan-African. In: Klerkx, J. and Michot, J. (eds.): Geologie Africaine . Musée Royal de l'Afrique Centrale, Tervuren, 1984, 23-28.
28. Lambiase, J. J. (1989). The framework of African rifting during the Phanerozoic. Journal Of African Earth Science, 8, 183-190.
29. Lambiase, J. J. (1990). A model for tectonic control of lacustrine stratigraphic sequences in continental rift basins. American Association Of Petroleum Geologists Memoir, 50, 265-276.
30. Leake, B.E. (1978). Nomenclature of amphiboles American Mineralogist, 63, 1023-1052.
31. Leeder, M.R. and Gawthorpe, R.L. (1987). Sedimentary models for extensional tilt- block/ half-graben basins. In: Coward, M.P., Dewey, J.F. and Hancock P.L. (eds.) Continental extensional tectonics. Geological Society Of London Special Publication, 28, 139-152.
32. Leeder, M.R. (1995). Continental rifts and proto-oceanic rift troughs. In: Busby, C.J. and Ingersoll, R.V. (eds.) Tectonics of sedimentary basins. Blackwell, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA, 119-148.
33. Loughnan, F.C. (1969). Chemical weathering of the silicate minerals. Elsevier, New York, USA, 154 pp.
34. Maboko, M.A.H., Boelrijk, N.A.I.M., Priem, H.N.A. and Verdurmen, E.A.T. (1985). Zircon U-Pb and biotite Rb-Sr dating of the Wami River granulites, Eastern Granulites, Tanzania: evidence for approximately 715 Ma old (Pan-African) granulite facies metamorphism and a prolonged cooling history. Precambrian Research, 30, 316-378.
35. 39Ar technique. Journal Of African Earth Science, 9, 159-167.
36. McConnell, R.B. (1972). Geological development of the rift system of eastern Africa. Geological Society Of America Bulletin, 83, 2549-2572.
37. Morley, C.K. (1989). Extension, detachments, and sedimentation in continental rifts with particular reference to East Africa. Tectonics, 8, 1175-1192.
38. Morley, C.K., Cunningham, S.M., Harper, R.M. and Wescott, W.A. (1992). Geology and geophysics of the Rukwa Rift, East Africa. Tectonics, 11, 68-81.
39. Mruma, A.H. (1989). Stratigraphy, metamorphism and tectonic evaluation of the early Proterozoic Usagaran Belt, Tanzania. Res Terrae (Department of Geology, University of Oulu, Finland), Ser.A, .2, 193 pp.
40. Mruma, A.H. (1995). Usagaran and Mozambiquian: Two radiometrically different Proterozoic belts east of the Tanzanian Archaean craton. In: Kohring, R. and Schlüter, T. (eds.): Current geoscientific research in Uganda and Tanzania. Berliner Geowissenschaftliche Abhandlungen, Reihe A: Geologie und Palaeontologie, 175; 7-15.
41. Muhongo, S. (1990). Evolution of the Proterozoic granulite complexes in eastern Tanzania and implications for the geodynamic evolution of the Mozambique Belt of East Africa. Thesis, (Dr.rer.nat.) (unpublished), Technischen Universität Berlin 1990, 228 pp.
42. Muhongo, S. (1993). The Proterozoic granulite terrains in Eastern Tanzania: Deformation, metamorphism and geochronology. Proceedings Of The 16th Colloquium On African Geology, Mbabane, Swaziland, 221-223.
43. Muhongo, S. (1995). Neoproterozoic collision tectonics in the Mozambique Belt of East Africa: evidence from the Uluguru mountains, Tanzania. Journal Of African Earth Science, 19, 153-168.
44. Muhongo, S. and Lenoir, J.L. (1994). Pan-African granulite facies metamorphism in the Mozambique Belt of Tanzania. Journal Of The Geological Society Of London, 151, 343-347.
45. th International Conference, Nairobi, Kenya, 97-124.
46. Nilsen, O., Dypvik, H., Kaaya, C. and Kilembe, E. (1999). Tectonosedimentary development of the (Permian) Karoo sediments in the Kilombero Rift Valley, Tanzania. Journal Of African Earth Science, 29, 393-409.
47. Noble, W.P., Foster, D.A. and Gleadow, A.J.W. (1997). The post-Pan-African thermal and extensional history of crystalline basement rocks in eastern Tanzania. Tectonophysics, 275, 331-350.
48. Norplan (1994). Tanesco - Lower Kibansi Hydropower Project. Project definition report. Annex B. Ground conditions. Unpublished company report, Oslo, 1994, (unpaginated).
49. Pettijohn, F.J. (1957). Sedimentary rocks. Harper and Row, New York, USA, 718 pp.
50. Prosser, S. (1993). Rift-related linked depositional systems and their seismic expression. In: Williams, G.D. and Dobb, A. (eds.): Tectonics and Seismic Sequence Stratigraphy. Geological Society OF London Special Publication, 71, 35-66.
51. Quennell, A. M., Mckinlay, A. C. M. and Aitken, W. G. (1956). Summary of the geology of Tanganyika - Part 1: Introduction and stratigraphy. Geological Survey Of Tanganyika Memoir, 1, 264 pp.
52. Rosendahl, B.R. (1987). Architecture of continental rifts with special reference to East Africa. Annual Reviews Of Earth And Planetary Science, 15, 445-503.
53. Rosendahl, B.R., Kaczmarick, K. and Kilembe, E. (1995). The Tanganyika, Malawi, Rukwa, and Turkana rift zones of East Africa: An intercomparison of rift architectures, structural styles and stratigraphies. In: Ojakangas, R.W., Dickas, A.B. and Green, J.C. (eds): Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Basement Tectonics, (Duluth, 1992), Kluwer Academic, Boston , 1995, 139-146.
54. Rosendahl, B.R., Kilembe, E. and Kaczmarick, K. (1992). Comparison of the Tanganyika, Malawi, Rukwa and Turkana Roft zones from analyses of seismic reflection data. Tectonophysics, 213, 235-256.
55. Sampson, D.N. and Wright, A.E. (1964). The geology of the Uluguru Mountains. Geological Survey Of Tanzania Bulletin, 37, 69 pp.
56. Shackleton, R.M. (1986). Precambrian collision tectonics in Africa. In: Coward, M.P. and Ries, A.C. (eds.): Collision Tectonics. Geological Society OF London Special Publication, 19, 329-349.
57. Scholz, C.A. (1995). Seismic stratigraphy of an accommodation-zone margin rift-lake delta. Lake Malawi, Africa. In: Lambiase J.J. (ed.): Hydrocarbon habitat in rift basins, Geological Society Of London Special Publication, 80, 183-195.
58. Schlische, R.W. (1991). Half-graben basin filling models: new constraints on continental extensional basin development. Basin Research, 3, 123-141.
59. Spence, J. (1957). The geology of part of the eastern province of Tanganyika. Geological Survey Of Tanzania Bulletin, 28, 62 pp.
60. Stockley, G.M. (1943). The pre-Karroo stratigraphy of Tanganyika. Geological Magazine, 80, 161-170.
61. Tanganyika Geological Survey Department (1952). Geological map of East Africa 1: 2000 000. Tanganyika Geological Survey Department, Dodoma, (Inter-Territorial Geological Conference 1952).
62. Tiercelin, J.J., Chorowicz, J., Bellon, H., Riehert, J.P., Mwanbene, J.T. and Walgenwitz, F. (1988). East African Rift System, offset age and tectonic significance of the Tanganyika - Rukwa - Malawi intracontinental transcurrent fault zone. Tectonophysics, 148, 241-252.
63. Wopfner, H. and Kaaya, C. Z. (1992). Syndepositional Karoo rifting in the Ruhuhu and Selous Basins - Tanzania. UNESCO, Geology for Economic Development, Newsletter, 9, 159-168.
64. Wopfner, H. (1994). The Malagasy Rift, a chasm in the Tethyan margin of Gondwana Journal Of Southeast Asian Earth Science, 9, 451-461.
65. Wopfner, H. and Kaaya, C.Z. (1991). Stratigraphy and morphotectonics of Karoo deposits of the northern Selous Basin, Tanzania. Geological Magazine, 128, 319-334.