A comparative study on the effects of paper sludge and kaolin on properties of polypropylene/ethylene propylene diene terpolymer composites

Iranian Polymer Journal (English Edition)

Volumn 14, Issue 8, 2005, Pages 705-713

  Salmah, ^a   Ismail, Hanafi ^a   Bakar, Azhar Abu ^a  

^a SCHOOL OF MATERIALS AND MINERAL RESOURCES ENGINEERING   (Malaysia)

Author keywords

Composites; Ethylene propylene diene terpolymer; Kaolin; Paper sludge; Polypropylene

Indexed keywords

COMPOSITE MATERIALS; CRYSTALLIZATION; ELASTIC MODULI; FRACTURE TOUGHNESS; POLYPROPYLENES; SEWAGE SLUDGE; TENSILE STRENGTH; THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES; THERMODYNAMIC STABILITY; WATER ABSORPTION;

ETHYLENE PROPYLENE DIENE TERPOLYMER; FILLER-MATRIX INTERACTIONS; FRACTURE SURFACES; PAPER SLUDGE;

KAOLIN;

EID: 25444498647     PISSN: 10261265     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (22)

1. Chi Ming C., Jing S.W., Jian X, L., Ying K.C., Polypropylene/calcium carbonate nanocomposites, Polymer., 43, 2981-2992 (2002).
2. Da Silva A.L.N., Rocha M.C.G., Moraes M.A.R., Valante C.A.R., Mechanical and rheological properties of composites based on polyolefin and mineral additives Polym. Test., 21, 57-60 (2001).
3. Petrovic Z.S., Javni I., Waddon A., Banhegi G., Structure and properties of polyurethane-silica nanocomposite, J. App. Polym. Sci., 76, 133-151 (2000).
4. Rong M.Z., Zhang M.Q., Zheng Y.X., Zeng H.M, Walter R., Friedrich K., Structure property relationship of irradiation grafted nano-inorganic particle filled polypropylene composite, Polymer, 42, 167-183 (2001).
5. Ismail H., Rozman H.D., Studies on the tensile properties of rubberwood fibre-natural rubber, Int. J. Polym. Mater., 41, 325-333 (1998).
6. Ismail H., Salmah, Nasir M., Dynamic vulcanization of rubberwood-filled polypropylene/natural rubber blends, Polym. Test., 20, 819-823 (2001).
7. Ismail H., Salmah, Nasir M., The effect of dynamic vulcanization on mechanical properties and water absorption of silica and rubberwood filled polypropylene/natural rubber hybrid composites, Int. J. Polym. Mater., 53, 229-238 (2003).
8. Ismail H., The potential of rubberwood as a filler in epoxidized natural rubber compounds, J. Elasto. Plast., 33, 34-46 (2001).
9. Ismail H., Rozman H.D., Jaffri R.M., Mohd Ishak Z.A., Oil palm wood flour reinforced epoxidized natural rubber composite: The effect of filler content and size, Eur. Polym. J., 33, 1627-1632 (1997).
10. Gasan J., Bledzki A. K., The influence of fiber-surface treatment on the mechanical properties of jute-polypropylene composites, Composite: Part A, 28A, 1001-1005 (1997).
11. Ismail H., Shuhelmy S., Edyham M. R., The effect of a silane coupling agent on curing characteristics and mechanical properties of bamboo fibre filled NR composites, Eur. Polym. J., 38, 39-47 (2002).
12. Ismail H., The effect of filler loading and silane coupling agent on dynamic properties and swelling behaviour of bamboo filled NR compounds, J. Elasto. Plast., 35, 149 (2003).
13. Chuai C. Z., Almdal K., Poulsen L., Plackett D., Conifer fibers as reinforcing material for polypropylene-based composites, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 80, 2833-2841 (2001).
14. Jungil S., Hyun-Joong K., Phil-Woo L., Role of paper sludge particle size and extrusion temperature on performance of paper sludge-thermoplastic polymer composites, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 82, 2709-2718 (2001).
15. Jang J., Lee E., Improvement of the flame retardancy of paper-sludge/polypropylene composites, Polym. Test., 20, 7-13 (2001).
16. Xiuying Q., Yong Z., Yinxi Z., Yutang Z., Ink-eliminated waste paper sludge flour-filled polypropylene composites with different coupling agent treatments, J. App. Polym. Sci., 89, 513-520 (2003).
17. Xiuying Q., Yong Z., Yinxi Z., Ink-eliminated paper sludge flour as filler for polypropylene, Polym. Polym. Compos., 11, 321-326 (2003).
18. Greco R., Manacarella C., Martuscelli E., Ragosta G., Polyolefin blends: 2. Effect of EPR composition on structure, morphology and mechanical properties of iPP/EPR alloys, Polymer., 28, 1929-1936 (1987).
19. Shonaike G.O., Kiat T.H., Studies on miscibility of uncompatibilized nylon 66-santoprene blends, J. App. Polym. Sci., 68, 350-357 (1998).
20. Ismail H., Salmah, Bakar A.A., The effect of paper sludge on processibility, swelling behaviour and morphology of polypropylene (PP)/ ethylene propylene diene terpolymer (EPDM) composites, J. Reinf. Plast. Comp., 2, 147-159 (2005).
21. Katz H.S., Milewski J. V., Handbook of Fillers and Reinforcements for Plastics, Van Nostrand Reinhold, London, 136 (1987).
22. Shah V., Handbook of Polymer Testing, Wiley Interscience, New York, 7 (1983).