Sugarbeet leaf spot disease (Cercospora beticola Sacc.)

Molecular Plant Pathology

Volumn 5, Issue 3, 2004, Pages 157-166

  Weiland, John ^a   Koch, Georg ^b  

^a AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE   (United States)

^b A Dieckmann Heimburg ^*  (Germany)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ACER PENSYLVANICUM; AMARANTHACEAE; AMARANTHUS; BETA VULGARIS; BETA VULGARIS SUBSP. VULGARIS; CERCOSPORA BETICOLA; CERCOSPORA KIKUCHII; CERCOSPORA NICOTIANAE; CERCOSPORA ZEAE-MAYDIS; FUNGI; FUNGI IMPERFECTI; HYPHOMYCETES;

EID: 2542578704     PISSN: 14646722     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1364-3703.2004.00218.x     Document Type: Review

References (98)

1. Agrios, G.N. (1988) Plant Pathology, 3rd edn. San Diego: Academic Press.
2. Anonymous (2003) Sugar and Sweetener Situation and Outlook Yearbook. Economic Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, June 2003, SSS-2003.
3. Asher, M.J.C., Luterbacher, M.C. and Frese, L. (2001) Wild Beta species as a source of resistance to sugar-beet pests and diseases. Int. Sugar J. 103, 447-456.
4. Bargabus, R.L., Zidack, N.K., Sherwood, J.E. and Jacobsen, B.J. (2002) Characterisation of systemic resistance in sugar beet elicited by a non-pathogenic, phyllosphere-colonizing Bacillus mycoides, biological control agent. Physiol. Molec. Plant Path. 61, 289-298.
5. Bargabus, R.L., Zidack, N.K., Sherwood, J.E. and Jacobsen, B.J. (2003) Oxidative burst elicited by Bacillus mycoides isolate Bac J, a biological control agent, occurs independently of hypersensitive cell death in sugar beet. Molec. Plant-Microbe Interact. 16, 1145-1153.
6. Bartsch, D. and Pohl-Orf, M. (1996) Ecological aspects of transgenic sugar beet: transfer and expression of herbicide resistance in hybrids with wild beets. Euphytica, 91, 55-58.
7. Bilgen, T., Gaskill, J.O., Hecker, R.J. and Wood, D.R. (1969) Transferring Cercospora leaf spot resistance from Beta maritima to sugarbeet by backcrossing. J. Am. Soc. Sugar Beet Techn. 15, 444-449.
8. Bleiholder, H. and Weltzien, H.C. (1972) Beiträge zur Epidemiologie von Cercospora beticola Sacc. & Zuckerrübe. II: Die Konidienbildung in Abhängigkeit von den Umweltbedingungen Temperatur, relative Luftfeuchtigkeit und Licht. Phytopath. Z. 73, 46-68.
9. Bugbee, W.M. (1995) Cercospora beticola tolerant to triphenyltin hydroxide. J. Sugar Beet Res. 30, 167-174.
10. Byford, W.J. (1996) A survey of foliar diseases of sugar beet and their control in Europe. In Proceedings of the 59th IIRB Congress. Brussels: International Institute for Beet Research, pp. 1-10.
11. Carels, N., Dekegel, D., van Heule, G. and Lepoivre, P. (1990) Symptomatological and morphological study of the resistance of wild beet species of the Patellares section to Cercospora beticola Sacc. J. Phytopathol. 130, 17-330.
12. Cerato, C. and Grassi, G. (1983) Tolerance of organo-tin compounds among Cercospora beticola isolates. Informatore Fitopatologico, 33, 67-69.
13. Chupp, C. (1953) A Monograph of the Fungus Genus Cercospora. Ithaca, NY.
14. Coons, G.H. (1975) Interspecific hybrids between Beta vulgaris L. and the wild species of Beta. J. Am. Soc. Sugar Beet Techn. 18, 281-306.
15. Coons, G.H., Owen, F.V. and Steward, D. (1955) Improvement of the sugar beet in the United States. Adv. Agron. 7, 89-139.
16. Dangl, J.L. and Jones, J.D.G. (2001) Plant pathogens and integrated defence responses to infection. Nature, 411, 826-833.
17. Daub, M.E. and Ehrenshaft, M. (2000) The photoactivated cercospora toxin cercosporin: contributions to plant disease and fundamental biology. Annu. Rev. Phytopathol. 38, 461-490.
18. Duffus, J.E. and Ruppel, E.G. (1993) Diseases. In The Sugarbeet Crop (Cooke, D.A. and Scott, R.K., eds). London: Chapman & Hall, pp. 346-427.
19. Feindt, F., Mendgen, K. and Heitefuss, R. (1981a) Feinstruktur unterschiedlicher Zellwandreaktionen im Blattparenchym anfälliger und resistenter Rüben (Beta vulgaris L.) nach Infektion durch Cercospora beticola Sacc. Phytopath. Z. 101, 248-264.
20. Feindt, F., Mendgen, K. and Heitefuss, R. (1981b) Der Einfluss der Spaltöffnungsweite und des Blattalters auf den Infektionserfolg von Cercospora beticola bei Zuckerrüben (Beta vulgaris L.) unterschiedlicher Anfälligkeit. Phytopath. Z. 101, 281-297.
21. Gao, A.G., Hakimi, S.M., Mittanck, C.A., Wu, Y., Woerner, B.M., Stark, D.M., Shah, D.M., Liang, J. and Rommens, C.M. (2000) Fungal pathogen protection in potato by expression of a plant defensin peptide. Nat. Biotechnol. 18, 1307-1310.
22. Gao, D. and Jung, C. (2002) Monosomic addition lines of Beta corolliflora in sugar beet: plant morphology and leaf spot resistance. Plant Breed, 121, 81-86.
23. Gapillout, I., Mikès, V., Milat, M.L., SimonPlas, F., Pugin, A. and Blein, J.P. (1996) Cercospora beticola toxins. Part XIV: use of fluorescent cyanine dye to study their effects on tobacco cell suspensions. Phytochemistry, 43, 387-392.
24. Georgopoulos, S.G. and Dovas, C. (1973) Occurrence of Cercospora beticola strains resistant to benzimidazole fungicides in northern Greece. Plant Dis. Report, 62, 321-324.
25. Goodwin, S.B., Dunkle, L.D. and Zismann, V.L. (2001) Phylogenetic analysis of Cercospora and Mycosphaerella based on the internal transcribed spacer region of ribosomal DNA. Phytopathology, 91, 648-658.
26. Gottschalk, T.E., Mikkelsen, J.D., Nielsen, J.E., Nielsen, K.K. and Brunstedt, J. (1998) Immunolocalization and characterization of a beta-1,3-glucanase from sugar beet, deduction of its primary structure and nucleotide sequence by cDNA and genomic cloning. Plant Sci. 132, 153-167.
27. Goudet, C., Milat, M.L., Sentenac, H. and Thibaud, J.B. (2000) Beticolins, nonpeptidic, polycyclic molecules produced by the phytopathogenic fungus Cercospora beticola, as a new family of ion channel-forming toxins. Mol. Plant-Microbe Interact. 13, 203-209.
28. Goudet, C., Véry, A.-A., Milat, M.-L., Ildefonse, M., Thibaud, J.-B., Sentenac, H. and Blein, J.-P. (1998) Magnesium ions promote assembly of channel-like structures from beticolin 0, a non-peptide fungal toxin purified from Cercospora beticola. Plant J. 14, 359-384.
29. Große-Herrenthey, U. (2001) Molekulare Analyse der genetischen Variabilität von Cercospora beticola Sacc., dem Erreger der Cercospora-Blattfleckenkrankheiten bei Zuckerrüben, und Untersuchungen zur Resistenz von Beta vulgaris ssp. maritima gegen C. beticola unter Anwendung unterschiedlicher Resistenztestsysteme. PhD thesis, Christian-Albrechts- Universität Kiel, Germany.
30. Harrison, M., Maag, G.W., Payne, M.G., Hecker, R.J. and Remmenga, E.E. (1967) Sampling for 3-hydroxytyramine and polyphenol oxidase in sugar beets. J. Am. Soc. Sugar Beet Techn. 14, 470-479.
31. Hecker, R.J. and Helmerick, R.H. (1985) Sugar-beet breeding in the Unites States. In Progress in Plant Breeding - 1 (Russell, G.E., ed.). London: Butterworths, pp. 37-61.
32. Hunger, S., Di Gaspero, G., Möhring, S., Bellin, D., Schäfer-Pregl, R., Borchardt, D.C., Durel, C.E., Werber, M., Weisshaar, B., Salamini, F. and Schneider, K. (2003) Isolation and linkage analysis of expressed disease-resistance gene analogues of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.). Genome, 46, 70-82.
33. Ioannidis, P.M. and Karaoglanidis, G.S. (2000) Resistance of Cercospora beticola Sacc. to fungicides. Adv. Sugar Beet Res. IIRB, 2, 123-147.
34. Jones, J.D.G. (2001) Putting knowledge of plant disease resistance genes to work. Curr. Opin. Plant Biol. 4, 281-287.
35. Karaoglanidis, G.S., Ioannidis, P.M. and Thanassoulopoulos, C.C. (2000) Reduced sensitivity of Cercospora beticola to sterol-demethylation-inhibiting fungicides. Plant Pathol, 49, 567-572.
36. Koch, F. (1985) Integrierte Bekämpfung der Blattfleckenkrankheit (Cercospora beticola) unter Berücksichtigung der Resistenzzüchtung. In Proceedings of the 48th IIRB Congress. Brussels: International Institute for Beet Research, pp. 307-331.
37. Koch, G. (2003) GABI-BEET: the German sugar beet genome initiative. In Proceedings of the 1st Joint IIRB-ASSBT Congress, 27 February-1 March 2003, San Antonio, TX USA, pp. 249-260.
38. Koch, G. and Jung, C. (2000) Genetic localization of Cercospora resistance genes. Adv. Sugar Beet Res. IIRB, 2, 197-210.
39. Lartey, R.T., Weiland, J.J., Caeser-TonThat, T.-C. and Bucklin-Comiskey, S. (2003) A PCR protocol for rapid detection of Cercospora beticola in sugarbeet tissues. J. Sugar Beet Res. 40, 1-10.
40. Lawrence, J.S. and Meredith, D.S. (1970) Wind dispersal of conidia of Cercospora beticola. Phytopathology, 60, 1076-1078.
41. Lewellen, R.T. and Whitney, E.D. (1976) Inheritance of resistance to race C2 of Cercospora beticola in sugarbeet. Crop Sci. 16, 558-561.
42. Lieber, H. (1982) Untersuchungen zur Erfassung der ResistenZ. der Zuckerrübe, Beta vulgaris L., gegenüber. Cercospora Beticola. Sacc. PhD thesis, Georg-August - Universität Göttingen, Germany.
43. Mannerlof, M., Lennerfors, B.-L. and Tenning, P. (1996) Reduced titer of BNYVV in transgenic sugar beets expressing the BNYVV coat protein. Euphytica, 90, 293-299.
44. Martin, S.S. (1977) Accumulation of flavadnoids betagarin and betavulgarin in Beta vulgaris infected by the fungus Cercospora beticola. Physiol. Plant Path. 11, 297-303.
45. Mechelke, W. (2000) Züchtungs- und Sortenstrategien zur ResistenZ. bei Zuckerrüben gegenüber Cercospora beticola. Zuckerindustrie, 9, 688-692.
46. Meredith, J.S. (1967) Conidium release and dispersal in Cercospora beticola. Phytopathology, 57, 889-893.
47. Meriggi, P., Rosso, F., Ioannides, P.M. and Ayala Garcia, J. (2000) Fungicide treatments against Cercospora leaf spot in sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.). Adv. Sugar Beet Res. IIRB, 2, 77-102.
48. Mesbah, M., Scholten, O.E., deBock, T.M. and Lange, W. (1997) Chromosome localisation of genes for resistance to Heterodera schachtii, Cercospora beticola and Polymyxa betae using sets of Beta procumbens and B. patellaris derived monosomic additions in B. vulgaris. Euphytica, 97, 117-127.
49. Mikès, V., Milat, M.L., Pugin, A. and Blein, J.P. (1994) Cercospora beticola toxins. Part VII: fluorometric study of their interactions with biological membranes. Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 1195, 124-130.
50. Miller, J., Rekoske, M. and Quinn, A. (1994) Genetic resistance, fungicide protection and variety approval policies for controlling yield losses from Cercospora leaf spot infection. J. Sugar Beet Res. 31, 7-12.
51. Mitchell, T.K., Chilton, W.S. and Daub, M.E. (2002) Biodegradation of the polyketide toxin cercosporin. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 68, 4173-4181.
52. Munerati, O. (1932) Sull'incrocio della barbabietola coltivata con la beta selvaggia della costa adriatica. L'industria Saccarifera Italiana, 25, 303-304.
53. Nielsen, K.K., Mikkelson, J.D., Kraugh, K.M. and Bojsen, K. (1993) An acidic class III chitinase in sugar beet: induction by Cercospora beticola, characterization, and expression in transgenic tobacco plants. Mol. Plant-Microbe Interact 6, 495-506.
54. Nielsen, K.K., Nielsen, J.E., Madrid, S.M. and Mikkelsen, J.D. (1997) Characterization of a new antifungal chitin-binding peptide from sugar beet leaves. Plant Physiol. 113, 83-91.
55. Nilsson, N.O., Hansen, M., Panagopoulos, A.M., Tuvesson, S., Ehlde, M., Christiansson, M. and Rading, I.M. (1999) QTL analysis of Cercospora leaf spot resistance in sugar beet. Plant Breed, 118, 327-334.
56. Ossenkop, A., Ladewig, E. and Manthey, R. (2002) Performance of Cercospora resistant varieties - consequences for variety testing and advisory service. Zuckerindustrie, 127, 867-871.
57. Pal, V. and Mukhopadhyay, A.N. (1984) Study of the cellulolytic and pectolytic enzymes in nine biological forms of Cercospora beticola Sacc. Acta Phytopathol. Acad. Sci. Hung. 19, 263-269.
58. Panella, L. and Frese, L. (2000) Cercospora resistance in Beta species and the development of resistant sugar beet lines. Adv. Sugar Beet Res. IIRB, 2, 163-176.
59. Pool, V.W. and McKay, M.B. (1916) Relation of stomatal movement to infection by Cercospora beticola. J. Agric. Res. 5, 1011-1038.
60. Racca, P., Jörg, E., Mittler, S. and Petersen, J. (2002) Sugarbeet leaf diseases - Forecasting approaches for the optimization of fungicide application. Zuckerindustrie, 127, 949-958.
61. Rathaiah, Y. (1977) Stomatal tropism of Cercospora beticola in sugarbeet. Phytopathology, 67, 358-362.
62. Reamon-Ramos, S.M. and Wricke, G. (1992) A full set of monosomic addition lines in Beta vulgaris from Beta webbiana: morphology and isozyme markers. Theor. Appl. Genet. 84, 411-418.
63. Rossi, V. (1995) Effect of host resistance in decreasing infection rate of Cercospora leaf spot epidemics on sugarbeet. Phytopathologia Med. 34, 149-156.
64. Rossi, V. (1999) Effect of host resistance and fungicide sprays against Cercospora leaf spot in different sugar beet-growing areas of the Mediterranean basin. Phytopathologia Med. 38, 76-88.
65. Rossi, V. (2000) Cercospora leaf spot infection and resistance in sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.). Adv. Sugar Beet Res. IIRB, 2, 17-48.
66. Rossi, V. and Battilani, P. (1991) Cercopri: a forecasting model for primary infections of Cercospora leaf spot of sugarbeet. OEPP/EPPO Bull. 00, 527-531.
67. Rossi, V., Battilani, P., Chiusa, G., Giosue, S., Languasco, L. and Racca, P. (1999) Components of rate-reducing resistance to Cercospora leaf spot in sugar beet: incubation length, infection efficiency, lesion size. J. Plant Pathol. 81, 25-35.
68. Rossi, V., Battilani, P., Chiusa, G., Giosue, S., Languasco, L. and Racca, P. (2000) Components of rate-reducing resistance to Cercospora leaf spot in sugar beet conidiation length, spore yield. J. Plant Pathol, 82, 125-131.
69. Rossi, V., Giosue, S. and Racca, P. (1999) A model integrating components of rate-reducing resistance to Cercospora leaf spot in sugar beet. J. Phytopathol, 147, 339-346.
70. Ruppel, E.G. (1972) Variation among isolates of Cercospora beticola from sugarbeet. Phytopathology, 62, 134-136.
71. Ruppel, E.G. and Scott, P.R. (1974) Strains of Cercospora beticola resistant to benomyl in the USA Plant Dis. Report, 58, 434-436.
72. Saccardo, P.A. (1876) Fungi Veneti novi vel critici. Series V. Nuovo Giornale Bot. Italiano, 8, 162-211.
73. Saito, K.-I. (1966) Studies on the Cercospora leaf spot resistance in sugar beet breeding. Mem. Fac. Agric. 6, 113-179.
74. Schäfer-Pregl, R., Borchard, D.C., Barzen, E., Glass, C., Mechelke, W., Seitzer, J.F. and Salamini, F. (1999) Localization of QTLs for tolerance to Cercospora beticola on sugar beet linkage groups. Theor. Appl. Genet. 99, 829-836.
75. Setiawan, A., Koch, G., Barnes, S.R. and Jung, C. (2000) Mapping quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for resistance to Cercospora leaf spot disease (Cercospora beticola Sacc.) in sugar beet. Theor. Appl. Genet. 100, 1176-1182.
76. Shane, W.W. and Teng, P.S. (1983) Epidemiology of Cercospora leafspot 1982. Sugarbeet Res. Ext. Rept. 13, 201-213.
77. Shane, W.W. and Teng, P.S. (1984) Cercospora beticola infection prediction model 1983. Sugarbeet Res. Ext. Rept. 14, 174-179.
78. Simon-Plas, F., Gomes, E., Milat, M.L., Pugin, A. and Blein, J.P. (1996) Cercospora beticola Toxins (X. Inhibition of Plasma Membrane H+-ATPase by Beticolin-1). Plant Physiol. 111, 773-779.
79. Skaracis, G.N. and Biancardi, E. (2000) Breeding for Cercospora resistance in sugar beet. Adv. Sugar Beet Res. IIRB, 2, 177-196.
80. Smith, G.A. (1985) Response of sugarbeet in Europe and the USA to Cercospora beticola infection. Agron. J. 77, 126-129.
81. Smith, G.A. (1987) Sugar beet. In: Principles of Cultivar Development: Crop Species (Fehr, W.R., ed.). New York: Macmillan, pp. 577-625.
82. Smith, G.A. and Campbell, L.G. (1996) Association between resistance to Cercospora and yield in commercial sugarbeet hybrids. Plant Breed, 115, 28-32.
83. Smith, G.A. and Gaskill, J.O. (1970) Inheritance of resistance to Cercospora leaf spot in sugarbeet. J. Am. Soc. Sugarbeet Techn. 16, 172-180.
84. Smith, G.A. and Ruppel, E.G. (1974) Heritability of resistance to Cercospora beticola leaf spot in sugarbeet. Crop Sci. 14, 113-115.
85. Solel, Z. and Wahl, I. (1971) Pathogenic specialization of Cercospora beticola. Phytopathology, 61, 1081-1083.
86. Srobarova, A. and Brillova, D. (1979) Study of the effect of Cercospora disease of beet on the polysaccharides of the host cell wall. Pol'nohopodarstvo, 25, 878-886.
87. Steinkamp, M.P., Martin, S.S., Hoefert, L.L. and Ruppel, E.G. (1979) Ultrastructure of lesions produced by Cercospora beticola in leaves of Beta vulgaris. Physiol. Plant Path. 15, 13-26.
88. Tao, Y., Yuan, F.H., Leister, R.T., Ausubel, F.M. and Katagiri, F. (2000) Mutational analysis of the Arabidopsis nucleotide binding site-leucine-rich repeat resistance gene RPS2. Plant Cell, 12, 2541-2554.
89. Upchurch, R.G., Meade, M.J., Hightower, R.C., Thomas, R.S. and Callahan, T.M. (1994) Transformation of the fungal soybean pathogen Cercospora kikuchii with the selectable marker. Bar. Appl. Envir. Micro. 60, 4592-4595.
90. Vereijssen, J., Schneider, J.H.M. and Termorshuizen, A.A.J. (2004) Possible root infection of Cercospora beticola in sugarbeet. Eur. J. Plant Path. 110, 103-106.
91. Weiland, J.J. (2001) Light-induced secretion of esterase by Cercospora beticola Sacc. In 10th International Congress of Molecular Plant Microbe Interaction. St Paul MN: IS-MPMI (abstract).
92. Weiland, J., Eide, J., Rivera-Varas, V. and Secor, G. (2001) Genetic diversity of Cercospora beticola in the U.S. and association of molecular markers with tolerance to the fungicide triphenyltin hydroxide (TPTH). Phytopathology, 91, 94 (abstract).
93. Weiland, J.J. and Halloin, J.M. (2001) Benzimidazole resistance in Cercospora beticola sampled from sugarbeet fields in Michigan, USA. Can. J. Plant Path. 23, 78-82.
94. Whitney, E.D. and Lewellen, R.T. (1976) Identification and distribution of races C1 and C2 of Cercospora beticola from sugarbeet. Phytopathology, 66, 1158-1160.
95. Windels, C.E., Lamey, H.A., Hilde, D., Widner, J. and Knudsen, T. (1998) A Cercospora leaf spot model for sugar beet: in practice by an industry. Plant Dis. 82, 716-726.
96. Wolf, P.F.J. and Verreet, J.A. (1997) Epidemiological development of Cercospora beticola (Sacc.) in sugar beet crops. J. Plant Dis. Protect. 104, 545-556.
97. Wolf, P.F.J. and Verreet, J.A. (2002) An integrated pest management system in Germany for the control of fungal leaf diseases in sugar beet: the IPM sugar beet model. Plant Dis. 86, 336-343.
98. Young, N.D. (1996) QTL mapping and quantitative disease resistance in plants. Annu. Rev. Phytopathol. 34, 479-501.