Pediatricians advocating for children: An annotated bibliography

Current Opinion in Pediatrics

Volumn 16, Issue 3, 2004, Pages 281-285

  Wright, Clyde J ^a   Katcher, Murray L ^a,b,c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AND PUBLIC HEALTH   (United States)

^b State of Wisconsin ^*  (United States)

^c WISCONSIN DIVISION OF PUBLIC HEALTH   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CHILD; COMMUNITY CARE; HEALTH CARE POLICY; HEALTH SCIENCE; HISTORY; HUMAN; LAW; MEDICAL EDUCATION; MEDICAL LITERATURE; MEDICAL PRACTICE; PEDIATRICIAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROFESSIONAL PRACTICE; PUBLICATION; REVIEW;

CHILD; CHILD ADVOCACY; CHILD HEALTH SERVICES; HUMANS; PEDIATRICS; PHYSICIAN'S ROLE;

EID: 2542478099     PISSN: 10408703     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/01.mop.0000126603.31572.03     Document Type: Review

References (67)

1. McDermott JF, Bolman WM, Arensdorf AM, et al.: The concept of child advocacy. Am J Psychiatry 1973, 130:1203-1206.
2. Geraghty KE, Wynia MK: Advocacy and community: the social roles of physicians in the last 1000 years: parts I, II, and III. Medscape Gen Med 2000 Oct 30:E29. Available at: http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/418847. Accessed April 23, 2004. A comprehensive overview, in three parts, of the major organizational, conceptual, and political changes that created Western medicine as a profession having both the responsibility to advocate for individual patients and also concerns for the larger community.
3. Burke EC: Abraham Jacobi, MD: the man and his legacy. Pediatrics 1998, 101:309-312. A history of the life of Dr. Abraham Jacobi presented as one that exemplifies the balance between clinical duties and advocacy.
4. Strain JE: The American Academy of Pediatrics response to the growing health needs of children. Am J Dis Child 1991, 145:536-539. An explanation of the AAP's plan to promote access to child health care. The plan focuses especially on preventive health care, primary medical care, and extended care requiring coordination of services.
5. st century. Curr Probl Pediatr 1992, 22:215-222. An exploration of how research has supported innovative advocacy programs, with examples showing how grassroots efforts, such as those supported by the AAP's CATCH program (Community Access to Child Health), can provide innovations in child care at a local level that may be further expanded to a wider level.
6. Wright CJ, Katcher ML: Pediatricians and advocacy. J Ambul Gen Pediatr (Japan) 2003, 6:272-279.
7. Bilken D. Advocacy comes of age. Except Child 1976:308-313. A look at advocacy as an independent movement of "consumers" and their allies to monitor and change human service agencies.
8. th century.
9. Bergman AB: Using politics to improve the health of children. Health Matrix 1994, 4(1):31-39. The author relates his 30-year experience with advocacy, including his experience with the residency training program at the University of Washington.
10. O'Brien S, Parker S, Greenberg J, et al.: Putting children first: the pediatrician as advocate. Contemp Pediatr 1997, 14:103-118. A presentation of case studies to define the essential aspects of patient and public advocacy. This article includes a list of child advocacy organizations, with addresses and web sites.
11. Dolins JC: Pediatricians: a special interest group for children. Pediatr Ann 1995, 24:413-417. A brief political history of the United States, noting the role of special interest groups and the successful efforts that have been made in bringing children's health issues to policy debate, providing expertise on children's health, and organizing grassroots efforts.
12. Rudolf MC, Bundle A, Damman A, et al.: Exploring the scope for advocacy by paediatricians. Arch Dis Child 1999, 81:515-518. A report on a study performed by the authors to ascertain the type and extent of problems requiring advocacy. The authors present a classification system to identify the root causes underlying the problems.
13. Castell-McGregor SN, Winefield HR: Advocacy for children. J Paediatr Child Health 1990, 26:1-3. The authors relate the growing importance of advocacy and how it has been addressed in Australia.
14. Micik SH, Alpert JJ: The pediatrician as advocate. Pediatr Clin North Am 1985, 31:243-249. An exploration of the role of pediatricians as advocates, stressing their expertise in child development, their extensive relationship with parents, the use of anticipatory guidance, and the respect they garner from governmental agencies through their efforts. A list of recommendations is given for successful presentation of issues to legislators.
15. Flynn MB: Power, professionalism, and patient advocacy. Am J Surg 1995, 170:407-409. An address that focuses on how traditional ethical standards and patient advocacy are challenged by recent changes in the medical climate.
16. Altemeier W: The time for political advocacy for children is now. Pediatr Ann 1995, 24:396-398. The article considers the creation of third-party payers, ie, Medicare and Medicaid, their effect on the field of medicine, and the use of advocacy as a "springboard" from which physicians are able to fight for patients in response to these effects.
17. Blum BB, Blank S: Children's services in an era of budget deficits. Am J Dis Child 1991, 145:575-578. The authors provide a brief overview of the state of funding for children's services in light of budget deficits.
18. Berger LR: The pediatrician's role in child advocacy. Adv Pediatr 1982, 29:273-291. A call to pediatricians to fulfill their advocacy role in education, community action, research, litigation, and government action. It includes case presentations of a successful advocacy efforts.
19. Berkowitz CD: Serving the underserved: impact on resident education. Am J Dis Child 1991, 145:544-545. The article suggests that faculty make use of residents' giving medical care to underserved populations, in order to encourage lifelong advocacy efforts.
20. Paine R, Sachs R, Krause T, et al.: Educating medical students and residents as health protectors and patient advocates. Am J Prev Med 1993, 9:117-121. A description of a study in which medical students, through a 4-year cycle, act as ombudspersons, are introduced to principles of preventive medicine, and deliver care to indigent patients. A case-control evaluation of the health status of patients in this program vs a standard clinic was pending at the time of writing.
21. Godkin MA: Community advocacy, physician roles, and medical education. Fam Med 1993, 25:170-171. The author implores physicians to extend their role from treating individuals to addressing the needs of the larger community through a variety of advocacy roles. The author also notes that no studies have been performed to evaluate the relationship between advocacy training and future behavior as physicians.
22. Jobe AC, Coale MM, Kolasa K, et al.: Leadership development for medical students: beyond the prescription pad. Fam Med 1993, 25:179-181. Details of the development of a leadership-training program for medical students, in order to assist the students in becoming effective community leaders.
23. Lozano P, Biggs VM, Sibley BJ, et al.: Advocacy training during pediatric residency. Pediatrics 1994, 94:532-536. The authors describe a voluntary program designed to increases residents' exposure to advocacy without interfering with clinical training.
24. DeWitt TG, Starr S: Educating pediatric residents in community settings. Curr Opin Pediatr 1995, 7:489-493. A historical account and literature review of community-based training of pediatric residents.
25. Archer D: The community health advocacy program: changing the relations between the community and the medical campus. Med Health R I 1996, 79:420-421. A description of a program designed and implemented by medical students that provides the local community with health and social services through education. The program has built "new bridges" between the medical school and the local community.
26. Farrell PM: Avenues for child advocacy. Pharos Alpha Omega Alpha Honor Med Soc 1997, 60(2):38-42. The author gives a brief history of child advocacy from the original goals of the APS, founded in 1889, to the present time, when the "greatest challenges in improving the health of children are social, not medical." He also conducted a survey of 54 American Medical School Pediatric Department Chairs (AMSPDC) to determine opportunities for child advocacy.
27. Olson CA, Stoddard J, DeMuri G: A community pediatrics/public health rotation for pediatric residents. Acad Med 1998, 73:598-599. A description of a 1 -month rotation developed for senior residents aimed to increase understanding of population-based health interventions and community-oriented approaches to primary care, with emphasis on the medically underserved.
28. Berman S: Training pediatricians to become child advocates. Pediatrics 1998, 102:632-636. A detailed presentation of the principles and processes of becoming an effective child advocate, with stress on the need to increase pediatric residents' education and participation in advocacy.
29. Botash AS: Academia's role in community access to child health. Pediatrics 1999, 103:1424-1425. A recommendation to all academic health centers to encompass the core values of the CATCH program: improving child health, increasing access to health care, and promoting advocacy at the community level, as well as a description of an advocacy training program for residents implementing these values.
30. Shope TR, Bradley BJ, Taras HL: A block rotation in community pediatrics. Pediatrics 1999, 104:143-147. The development, implementation, and evaluation of a 1-month rotation in community pediatrics aimed to address eight core training areas, noting that residents continued their involvement in the community after their rotation had ended.
31. Lawton E, Leiter K, Todd J, et al.: Welfare reform: advocacy and intervention in the health care setting. Public Health Rep 1999, 114:540-549. Welfare reform, equating to loss of benefits for certain groups, adversely affects the health of children. This article describes a screening intervention created to provide information to families on welfare issues and to advocate for them.
32. Patrick WK: Global health challenges: trends in public health training, research and advocacy. Asia Pac J Public Health 2000, 12(suppl):S8-S12. Consideration of how public health training programs must address the implications to the traditional role of public health as the disease model changes to one that has social class and poverty as the major determinants of morbidity and mortality.
33. Takayama JI, Song EH: Child advocacy training for pediatrics residents. Acad Med 2001, 76:561-562. A description of an innovative program for residents at the University of California, San Francisco, that allowed them to perform 1-month rotations that combined seminars and fieldwork related to community health.
34. Kotzer AM, Smyth M, Gill A, et al.: Grassroots advocacy in action: successes and opportunities for pediatric nurses. J Soc Pediatr Nurs 2001, 6(1):39-41, 48. A look at successful efforts by the SPN in injury prevention and teaching about national and state political action.
35. Shroyer JE, Williams M: Improving advocacy through new technology. J Pediatr Health Care 2000, 14:134-139. Based on a forum presented by the American League of Lobbyists, the authors explain the utility of the Internet in advocacy efforts. The e-mail addresses of current senators and representatives, web addresses of pertinent sites, and advice on writing effective e-mail are included.
36. Shelov S: The use of media to impact legislation. Pediatr Ann 1995, 24:419-425. Advice on how to handle interviews, the news show, radio exposure, and printed media, and how to construct thoughtful and to-the-point messages.
37. Bergman AB: The practice of political medicine. Pediatr Ann 1995, 24:405-408. An article by an experienced advocate giving excellent practical suggestions and strong examples of the results of effective advocacy efforts.
38. Kelley BR: Standing on large shoulders to advocate for children. J Pediatr Health Care 2000, 14:25-27A. A history of the work of the National Association of Pediatric Nurse Associates and Practitioners in advocating for children as well as current efforts, presented as a "president's message."
39. Paulson JA: Pediatric advocacy. Pediatr Clin North Am 2001, 48:1307-1318. The history of advocacy in pediatrics and recent efforts. Includes a listing of organizations and fellowships that offer advocacy experiences.
40. Christoffel KK: Public health advocacy: process and product. Am J Public Health 2000, 90:722-726. An innovative approach to understanding the advocacy process by using imagery of an assembly line, with the products of public health advocacy resulting from three stages: information, strategy, and action.
41. Knitzer JE: Child advocacy: a perspective. Am J Orthopsychiatry 1996, 46:200-215. A comprehensive examination of the concept of child advocacy and its roots.
42. Palfrey JS: Keeping children and families in the center of our concern. Ambulatory Pediatric Association presidential address. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 1997, 151:337-340. Keeping children and families as a focal point and discovering their needs, developing coalitions, and developing successful initiatives are basic to advocacy efforts.
43. Hein K: Getting involved with the Federal Government: six questions and answers. Pediatr Ann 1995, 24:427-431. Through experience as a Robert Wood Johnson fellow and Executive Officer at the Institute of Medicine in Washington, DC, the author provides first-hand information on the politics of formulating health policy.
44. Kempe CH: Child abuse: the pediatrician's role in child advocacy and preventive pediatrics. Am J Dis Child 1978, 132:255-260. The author provides a brief overview of advocacy in pediatrics and the role of advocacy in treating and preventing child abuse. The article includes an overview of the life of Abraham Jacobi and his wife, Mary Putnam, and their early advocacy efforts.
45. Rivara FP: Injury prevention: the pediatrician as child advocate. J Dev Behav Pediatr 1981, 2:160-162. Because injuries are the leading cause of death in children beyond the first year of life, the author identifies injury prevention as an important opportunity for child advocacy.
46. Smith GS: The physician's role in injury prevention: beyond the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Report. J Gen Intern Med 1990, 5(suppl):S67-S73. An outline of the US Preventive Services Task Force's recommendations for prevention strategies to reduce injuries.
47. Dolins JC, Christoffel KK: Reducing violent injuries: priorities for pediatrician advocacy. Pediatrics 1994, 94:638-651. The authors present a systematic approach to advocacy efforts. They suggest first clarifying the goal of the program; then developing educational, legislative, and regulatory strategies; and finally, evaluating the effectiveness of the advocacy action plan with process evaluation and injury outcome evaluation.
48. Sege R, Dietz W: Television viewing and violence in children: the pediatrician as agent for change. Pediatrics 1994, 94:600-607. An overview of childhood learning and violence on television and the role that pediatricians can play by educating the family, advocating in the community, and working on legislative agendas; examples of these interventions are given.
49. Charren P, Gelber A, Arnold M: Media, children, and violence: a public policy perspective. Pediatrics 1994, 94:631-637. The authors endorse an anti-violence, pro-children's agenda, which does not involve efforts to ban violence. Their strategy endorses focusing on children's issues and well-being, enhancing the role of television, avoiding censorship, and increasing the role of parents and caregivers.
50. Wilson-Brewer R, Spivak H: Violence prevention in schools and other community settings: the pediatrician as initiator, educator, collaborator, and advocate. Pediatrics 1994, 94:623-630. The authors endorse educational strategies to teach youth a range of nonviolent options and also instill in them the desire to choose a nonviolent response and suggest the role of pediatricians to advocate publicly about violence and its role in child health.
51. American Academy of Pediatrics: Task Force on Violence. The role of the pediatrician in youth violence prevention in clinical practice and at the community level. Pediatrics 1999, 103:173-181. In this policy statement, the AAP reviews the crucial need for pediatricians to address the threat of violence to American youth.
52. Aitken ME, Rowlands LA, Wheeler JG: Advocating for children's health at the state level: lessons learned. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2001, 155:877-880. This case study reviews how a community needs assessment to identify and address local health care issues was performed.
53. Zakocs RC, Earp JAL, Runyan CW: State gun control advocacy tactics and resources. Am J Prev Med 2001, 20:251-257. A survey of organizations likely to be involved with state-level gun control to assess tactics used to advocate for gun control laws and the relationship between financial resources and tactics used.
54. Davidson EC, Gibbs CE, Chapin J: The challenge of care for the poor and underserved in the United States: an American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists perspective on access to care for underserved women. Am J Dis Child 1991, 145:546-549. The concerns of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists about the lack of access to pregnancy-related services, which is a major factor associated with low birth weight and infant mortality.
55. Holm R, Shaheen P: Influencing the political process through coalitions: the Michigan council for maternal and child health. Pediatr Ann 1995, 24:409-412. A narrative account of how a coalition of Michigan hospitals, medical professional groups, and voluntary public agencies fought to preserve funding for maternal and child health in the face of proposed 25% cuts.
56. Haggerty RJ: Care of the poor and underserved in America: older adolescents: a group at special risk. Am J Dis Child 1991, 145:569-571. A look at how changing demographics and job markets have left older adolescents out of the mainstream of society, and, importantly for pediatricians, without health services.
57. Wright JD: Children in the streets: health, social policy, and the homeless young. Am J Dis Child 1991, 145:516-519. A brief overview of the issues surrounding homeless children in the United States, who, despite small differences in the prevalence of disease compared to nonhomeless children, suffer from greater consequences and sequelae.
58. Kleinman LC: Children in crisis: a role for the physician caring for the poor. Conn Med 1990, 54:327-329. Reflections of a young doctor searching for role models of physicians dedicated to the service of those in need.
59. Williamson DL, Drummond J: Enhancing low-income parents' capacities to promote their children's health: education is not enough. Public Health Nurs 2000, 17:121-131. A detailed description of the efforts through Head Start of educating parents regarding their children's health care. The authors state that health education must be accompanied by policy, advocacy, and social action strategies that challenge and attempt to modify structural conditions that contribute to health disparities.
60. Thomas SB: Community health advocacy for racial and ethnic minorities in the United States: issues and challenges for health education. Health Educ Q 1990, 17:13-19. An overview on the role of health policy in addressing social inequalities in minority group health and the central role played by community health advocacy, which includes health education interventions designed to recognize socioeconomic barriers to health. A list of responsibilities for health educators is provided.
61. Hutchins VL, Grason H, Aliza B, et al.: Community Access to Child Health (CATCH) in the historical context of community pediatrics. Pediatrics 1999, 103:1373-1383. The origins of the CATCH program, which supports community pediatricians in their advocacy efforts on behalf of children, that stemmed from the individual advocacy efforts of Philip J. Porter, MD, combined with the agenda of the AAP.
62. Grason H, Aliza B, Hutchins VL, et al.: Pediatrician-led community child health initiatives: case summaries from the evaluation of the Community Access to Child Health program. Pediatrics 1999, 103:1394-1419. Case summaries selected based on time of initiation, level of CATCH involvement, project location, nature of services, project setting, and target populations. All programs evaluated involved CATCH, based on the premise that with information, support, and tools, pediatricians can be agents of change in their communities.
63. Dyson AE: Advisory committee perspective. Pediatrics 1999, 103:1426-1427. The author provides insight on CATCH from her perspective as member of the CATCH Evaluation Advisory Committee. She believes the most important aspect of CATCH is that its creation signaled the AAP's recognition that the health of all children in the community is a collective responsibility.
64. Lister ED, Herzog A: From advocacy to ambassadorship: physician participation in healthcare governance. J Healthc Manag 2000, 45:108-116. The author describes the unique role of physician leaders who take governance positions in health care organizations.
65. Haggerty RJ: The changing role of the pediatrician in child health care. Am J Dis Child 1974, 127:545-549.
66. Oberstar JV: Physician-legislators: physicians practicing public service. JAMA 1999, 281:862. A brief overview of physicians that were serving in the US Senate and House of Representatives at the time of publication.
67. Ekegren K: Resources for child advocacy. J Soc Pediatr Nurs 2001, 6:95-96. A bulletin featuring three important resources, including a UNICEF report, "The State of the World's Children 2001: Early Childhood," which supports focusing on early childhood development as an important advocacy issue.