Determination of caffeine, theobromine, and theophylline in standard reference material 2384, baking chocolate, using reversed-phase liquid chromatography

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry

Volumn 52, Issue 11, 2004, Pages 3259-3263

  Thomas, Jeanice Brown ^a   Yen, James H ^a   Schantz, Michele M ^a   Porter, Barbara J ^a   Sharpless, Katherine E ^a  

^a NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY   (United States)

Author keywords

Caffeine; Chocolate; Liquid chromatography; Reversed phase; Standard reference material; Theobromine; Theophylline

Indexed keywords

ACETONITRILE; CAFFEINE; ETOFYLLINE; THEOBROMINE; THEOPHYLLINE; THEOPHYLLINE DERIVATIVE; WATER;

ANALYTIC METHOD; ARTICLE; CACAO; CHEMICAL COMPOSITION; DRUG DETERMINATION; ELUTION; FLOW RATE; FOOD INDUSTRY; PH MEASUREMENT; QUANTITATIVE DIAGNOSIS; RADIATION DETECTION; REPRODUCIBILITY; REVERSED PHASE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY; STANDARD; TECHNOLOGY; ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION;

CACAO; CAFFEINE; CHROMATOGRAPHY, HIGH PRESSURE LIQUID; REFERENCE STANDARDS; THEOBROMINE; THEOPHYLLINE;

THEOBROMA CACAO;

EID: 2542417510     PISSN: 00218561     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/jf030817m     Document Type: Article

References (19)

1. Nutrition Labeling and Education Act of 1990. Public Law 101-535 [H. R. 3562], November 8, 1990.
2. Sharpless, K. E.; Colbert, J. C.; Greenberg, R. R.; Schantz, M. M.; Welch, M. J. Recent Developments in Food-Matrix Reference Materials at NIST. Fresenius' J. Anal. Chem. 2001, 370, 275.
3. Certificate of Analysis, Standard Reference Material 2384 Baking Chocolate. Standard Reference Materials Program, National Institute of Standards and Technology: Gaithersburg, MD, 2002.
4. Windholz M. The Merck Index of Chemicals and Drugs, 9th ed.,; Merck: Rahway, NJ, 1976; pp 1625, 8896, and 8897.
5. Kreiser, W.; Martin, R., J., High-Pressure Liquid Chromatographic Determination of Theobromine and Caffeine in Cocoa and Chocolate Products. J. AOAC, 1978, 61, 1424-1427.
6. Kreiser, W.; Martin, R., High-Pressure Liquid Chromatographic Determination of Theobromine and Caffeine in Cocoa and Chocolate Products: Collaborative Study. J. AOAC, 1980, 63, 591-594.
7. Abuirjeie, M. A.; El-Din, S. M.; Mahmoud, I. I. Determination of Theobromine, Theophylline, and Caffeine in Various Food Products Using Derivative UV-Spectrophotometric Techniques an High-Performance Liquid Chromatography. J. Liq. Chrom. 1992, 15, 101-125.
8. Meyer, A.; Ngiruwonsanga, T.; Henze, G. Determination of Adenine, Caffeine, Theophylline, and Theobromine by HPLC with Amperometric Detection. Fresenius' J. Anal. Chem. 1996, 356, 284-287.
9. Mou, S.-F.; Chen, Q.-C.; Hou, X.-P.; Ni, Z.-M. Simultaneous Determination of Caffeine, Theobromine, and Theophylline in Foods and Pharmaceutical Preparations by Using Ion Chromatography. Anal. Chim. Acta 1998, 371, 287-296.
10. Chen, Q.-C.; Wang, J. Simultaneous Determination of Artificial Sweeteners, Preservatives, Caffeine, Theobromine, and Theophylline in Food and Pharmaceutical Preparations by Ion Chromatography. J. Chrom. A 2001, 937, 57-64.
11. Lunte, C. E.; Zhao Y. Determination of Caffeine and Its Metabolites by Micellar Electrokinetic Capillary Electrophoresis. J. Chrom. B 1997, 688, 265-274.
12. Muhtadi, F. J.; El-Hawary, S. S.; Hifnawy, M. S. Comparative HPLC and GLC Determination of Caffeine in Different Food Products. J. Liq. Chrom. 1990, 13, 1013-1028.
13. Sharpless, K. E.; Brown Thomas, J.; Nelson, B. C.; Phinney, C. S.; Sieber, J. R.; Wood, L. J.; Yen, J. H. "Value Assignment of Nutrient Concentrations in Standard Reference Material 2384 Baking Chocolate. J. Agric. Food Chem. 2002, 50, 7069-7075.
14. AOAC Official Method 980.14. Theobromine and Caffeine in Cacao Products: Liquid Chromatographic Method. Official Methods of Analysis of AOAC International, 17th ed.; Horwitz, W., Ed.; AOAC International: Gaithersburg, MD, 2002.
15. Phinney, C. S.; Leigh, S. D.; Schantz, M. M.; Sharpless, K. E.; Welch, M. J.; Yen, J. H. Value Assignment of Fatty Acid Concentrations in Food-Matrix Standard Reference Materials, in preparation.
16. May, W.; Parris, R.; Beck, C.; Fassett, J.; Greenberg, R.; Guenther, F.; Kramer, G.; Wise, S.; Gills, T.; Colbert, J.; Gettings, R.; MacDonald, B. Definitions of Terms and Modes Used at NIST for Value-Assignment of Reference Materials for Chemical Measurements. NIST Special Publication 260-136, U.S. Government Printing Office: Washington, DC, 2000.
17. Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement, 1st ed.; ISO: Geneva, Switzerland, 1993; ISBN 92-67-10188-9. See also: Taylor, B. N.; Kuyatt, C. E. Guidelines for Evaluating and Expressing the Uncertainty of NIST Measurement Results; NIST Technical Note 1297; U.S. Government Printing Office: Washington, DC, 1994. Available at http://www.physics.nist.gov/Pubs/guidelines/contents.html
18. Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement, 1st ed.; ISO: Geneva, Switzerland, 1993; ISBN 92-67-10188-9. See also: Taylor, B. N.; Kuyatt, C. E. Guidelines for Evaluating and Expressing the Uncertainty of NIST Measurement Results; NIST Technical Note 1297; U.S. Government Printing Office: Washington, DC, 1994. Available at http://www.physics.nist.gov/Pubs/guidelines/contents.html
19. Accuracy (Trueness and Precision) of Measurement Results, Part 2: Basic Method of Repeatability and Reproducibility of a Standard Measurement Method. ISO 5725; ISO: Geneva, Switzerland, 1997. See also, http://www.itl.nist.gov/div898/handbook.