Violence and sex in television programs do not sell products in advertisements

Psychological Science

Volumn 16, Issue 9, 2005, Pages 702-708

  Bushman, Brad J ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; ADVERTIZING; ARTICLE; COMMERCIAL PHENOMENA; FEMALE; HUMAN; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; SEXUAL BEHAVIOR; TELEVISION; VIOLENCE;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; ADVERTISING; COMMERCE; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; SEXUAL BEHAVIOR; TELEVISION; VIOLENCE;

EID: 25144474906     PISSN: 09567976     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-9280.2005.01599.x     Document Type: Article

References (37)

1. Ailawadi, K.L., Lehmann, D.R., & Neslin, S.A. (2001). Market response tu a major policy change in the marketing mix: Learning from Procter & Gamble's value pricing strategy. Journal of Marketing. 65, 44-61.
2. Ajzen, I., & Fishbein, M. (1977). Attitude-behavior relations: A theoretical analysis and review of empirical research. Psychological Bulletin, 84, 888-914.
3. Allen, M., D'Alessio, D., & Brezgel, K.A. (1995). A meta-analysis summarizing the effects of pornography: II. Aggression after exposure. Human Communication Research, 22, 258-283.
4. Allen, M., Emrners, T., & Gebhardt, L. (1995). Exposure to pornography and acceptance of the rape myths. Journal of Communication, 45, 5-26.
5. American Psychological Association. (1993). Violence and youth: Psychology's response. Washington, DC: Author.
6. Anderson, C.A., & Bushman, B.J. (2002). Media violence and societal violence. Science, 295, 2377-2378.
7. Arbuckle, J.L. (1999). AMOS (Version 4.01) [Computer software]. Chicago: SmallWaters Corp.
8. Bagozzi, R.P., Baumgartner, H., & Yi, Y. (1991). Coupon usage and the theory of reasoned action. Advances in Consumer Research, 8, 24-27.
9. Bagozzi, R.P., Baumgartner, H., & Yi, Y. (1992). State versus action orientation and the theory of reasoned action: An application to coupon usage. Journal of Consumer Research, 18, 505-518.
10. Bawa, K., & Shoemaker, R. (1989). Analyzing incremental sales from a direct mail coupon promotion. Journal of Marketing, 53, 66-78.
11. Bushman, B.J. (2003. August). If the television program bleeds, memory for the advertisement recedes. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Psychological Association, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
12. Bushman, B.J., A Bonacci, A.M. (2002). Violence and sex impair memory for television ads. Journal of Applied Psychology, 87, 557-564.
13. Bushman, B.J., & Phillips, C.M. (2001). If the television program bleeds, memory for the advertisement recedes. Current Directions in Psychological Science. 10, 44-47.
14. Chakraborty, C., & Cole, C. (1991). The effects of coupon characteristics on brand choice: A laboratory study. Psychology and Marketing, 8, 145-159.
15. Chaudhuri, A. (2001). The chain of effects from brand trust and brand affect to brand performance: The role of brand loyalty. Journal of Marketing. 65, 81-93.
16. Cheong, K.J. (2003). Observations: Are cents-off coupons effective? Journal of Advertising Research, 33, 73-78.
17. Furnham, A., & Gunter, B. (1987). Effects of time of day and medium of presentation on immediate recall of violent and nonviolent news. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 1, 255-262.
18. Geer, J.H., Judice, S., & Jackson, S. (1994). Reading times for erotic material: The pause to reflect. The Journal of General Psychology, 121, 345-352.
19. Geer, J.H., & McGlone, M.S. (1990). Sex differences in memory for erotica. Cognition and Emotion, 4, 71-78.
20. Hamilton, J.T. (1998). Channeling violence: The economic market for violent television programming. Princeton. NJ: Princeton University Press.
21. Kim, S.J. (1994). "Viewer discretion is advised": A structural approach to the issue of television violence, University of Pennsylvania Law Review, 142, 1383-1441.
22. Kunkel, D., Cope, K.M., Maynard Farinola, W.J., Biely, E., Rollin, E., & Donnerstein, E. (1999). Sex on TV. Menlo Park, CA: Kaiser Family Foundation.
23. Lam, S.Y., Vandenbosch, M., Hulland, J., & Pearce, M. (2001). Evaluating promotions in shopping environments: Decomposing sales response into attraction, conversion, and spending effects. Marketing Science, 20, 194-215.
24. Lang, A., Newhagen, J., & Reeves, B. (1996). Negative video as structure: Emotion, attention, capacity, and memory. Journal of Broadcasting and Electronic Media, 40, 460-477.
25. Linz, D.G., Donnerstein, E., & Penrod, S. (1988). Effects of long-term exposure to violent and sexually degrading depictions of women. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 55, 758-768.
26. National Television Violence Study. (1998). National Television Violence Study (Vol. 3). Santa Barbara: University of California, Santa Barbara. Center for Communication and Social Policy.
27. Nielsen Media Research. (2000). Nielsen television index, national audience demographics (Vol. 1). New York: Author.
28. Parents Television Council. (2003). Sex loses its appeal: A state of the industry report on sex on TV, Retrieved December 15, 2003, from http://www.parentstv.org/ptc/publications/reports/stateindustrysex/main.asp
29. Promotion Marketing Association. (2000). Coupon usage statistics. Retrieved July 21, 2004, from http://couponing.about.com/cs/aboutcouponing/a/ couponusage2000.htm
30. Schindler, R.M. (1992). A coupon is more than a low price: Evidence from a shopping-simulation study. Psychology and Marketing, 9, 431-451.
31. Shimp, T.A., & Kavas, A. (1984). The theory of reasoned action applied to coupon usage. Journal of Consumer Research, 11, 795-809.
32. Sutel, S. (2004). New crop of odd Super Bowl ads to debut. Retrieved June 2005 from AP Online: http://newslink.nandomedia.com/SportServer/football/nfl/ playoffs/v-fresno/story/1127283p-7844151c.html
33. Tuylor, G.A. (2001). Coupon response in services. Journal of Retailing, 77, 139-151.
34. Television Bureau of Advertising. (2003). Media comparison study by the Television Bureau of Advertising. (Available from the Television Bureau of Advertising, 3 East 54th Street, New York, NY 10022-3108)
35. Wells, G.L., & Windschitl, P.D. (1999). Stimulus sampling and social psychological experimentation. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 25, 1115-1125.
36. Willianwon, S.S., Kosmitzki, C., & Kibler, J.L. (1995). The effects of viewing violence on attention in women. The Journal of Psychology, 129, 717-721.
37. Zillmann, D. (2000). Influence of unrestrained access to erotica on adolescents' and young adults' dispositions toward sexuality. Journal of Adolescent Health, 27S, 41-44.