Generalized communicative suspicion (GCS) among police officers: Accounting for the investigator bias effect

Journal of Applied Social Psychology

Volumn 35, Issue 5, 2005, Pages 1046-1066

  Masip, Jaume ^a   Alonso, Hernán ^a   Garrido, Eugenio ^a   Antón, Concha ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF SALAMANCA   (Spain)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 25144434998     PISSN: 00219029     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1559-1816.2005.tb02159.x     Document Type: Review

References (67)

1. Akehurst, L., Köhnken, G., Vrij, A., & Bull, R. (1996). Lay persons' and police officers' beliefs regarding deceptive behavior. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 10, 461-471.
2. Akehurst, L., & Vrij, A. (1999). Creating suspects in police interviews. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 29, 192-210.
3. Bull, R. (1989). Can training enhance the detection of deception? In J. C. Yuille (Ed.), Credibility assessment (pp. 83-99). Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Kluwer.
4. Bull, R. (1999). Police investigative interviewing. In A. Memon & R. Bull (Eds.), Handbook of the psychology of interviewing (pp. 279-292). Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons.
5. Buller, D. B., & Burgoon, J. K. (1996). Interpersonal deception theory. Communication Theory, 6, 203-242.
6. Burgoon, J. K., Buller, D. B., Ebesu, A. S., & Rockwell, P. (1994). Interpersonal deception: V. Accuracy in deception detection. Communication Monographs, 61, 303-325.
7. Conti, R. P. (1999). The psychology of false confessions. Journal of Credibility Assessment and Witness Psychology, 2, 14-36.
8. Decreto 315/1964, de 7 de febrero, por el que se aprueba el Texto Articulado de la Ley de Funcionarios Civiles del Estado (BOE No. 40, February 15, 1964).
9. DePaulo, B. M., & Pfeiffer, R. L. (1986). On-the-job experience and skill at detecting deception. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 16, 249-267.
10. Ekman, P., & O'Sullivan, M. (1991). Who can catch a liar? American Psychologist, 46, 913-920.
11. Ekman, P., O'Sullivan, M., & Frank, M. (1999). A few can catch a liar. Psychological Science, 10, 263-266.
12. Garrido, E., & Masip, J. (1999). How good are police officers at spotting lies? Forensic Update, 58, 14-21.
13. Garrido, E., & Masip, J. (2001). Previous exposure to the sender's behavior and accuracy at judging credibility. In R. Roesch, R. R. Corrado, & R. Dempster (Eds.), Psychology in the courts. International advances in knowledge (pp. 271-287). New York, NY: Routledge.
14. Garrido, E., Masip, J., & Herrero, C. (2004). Police officers' credibility judgments: Accuracy and estimated ability. International Journal of Psychology, 39, 254-275.
15. Garrido, E., Masip, J., Herrero, C., & Rojas, M. (2000). La detección del engaño a partir de claves conductuales por agentes de policia [Police officers' detection of deception on the basis of behavioral cues]. In A. Ovejero, M. de la Villa, & P. Vivas (Eds.), Aplicaciones en psicología social (pp. 95-105). Madrid, Spain: Biblioteca Nueva.
16. Goffman, E. (1961). Asylums: Essays on the social situation of mental patients and other inmates. New York, NY: Anchor Books.
17. Gudjonsson, G. (1992). The psychology of interrogations, confessions, and testimony. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons.
18. Gudjonsson, G. (1999). Police interviewing and disputed confessions. In A. Memon & R. Bull (Eds.), Handbook of the psychology of interviewing (pp. 327-341). Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons.
19. Gudjonsson, G., & MacKeith, J. A. C. (1982). False confessions. Psychological effects of interrogation. A discussion paper. In A. Trankell (Ed.), Reconstructing the past. The role of psychologists in criminal trials (pp. 253-269). Stockholm, Sweden: Norstedts.
20. Jöreskog, K. G, & Sörbom, D. (1993). LISREL 8. Structural equation modeling with the SIMPLIS command language. Chicago, IL: Scientific Software International.
21. Kalbfleisch, P. J. (1994). The language of detecting deceit. Journal of Language and Social Psychology, 13, 469-496.
22. Kassin, S. M. (1997). The psychology of confession evidence. American Psychologist, 52, 221-233.
23. Kassin, S. M. (2002). Human judges of truth, deception, and credibility: Confident but erroneous. Cardezo Law Review, 23, 809-816.
24. Kassin, S. M., & Fong, C. T. (1999). "I'm innocent!": Effects of training on judgments of truth and deception in the interrogation room. Law and Human Behavior, 23, 499-516.
25. Kassin, S. M., Meissner, C. A., & Norwick, R. J. (2005). "I'd know a false confession if I saw one": A comparative study of college students and police investigators. Law and Human Behavior, 29, 211-227.
26. Kassin, S. M., & Neumann, K. (1997). On the power of confession evidence: An experimental test of the "fundamental difference" hypothesis. Law and Human Behavior, 21, 469-484.
27. Kassin, S. M., & Sukel, H. (1997). Coerced confessions and the jury: An experimental test of the "harmless error" rule. Law and Human Behavior, 21, 27-46.
28. Köhnken, G. (1987). Training police officers to detect deceptive eyewitness statements: Does it work? Social Behavior, 2, 1-17.
29. Kraut, R., & Poe, D. (1980). Behavioral roots of person perception: The deception judgments of customs inspectors and laymen. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 39, 784-798.
30. Lamb, M. E. (1994). The investigation of child sexual abuse: An interdisciplinary consensus statement. Child Abuse and Neglect, 18, 1021-1028.
31. Levine, T. R., & McCornack, S. A. (1991). The dark side of trust: Conceptualizing and measuring types of communicative suspicion. Communication Quarterly, 39, 325-339.
32. Ley 26/1994, de 29 de septiembre, por la que se regula la situación de segunda actividad (BOE No. 234, September 30, 1994).
33. Ley Orgánica 2/1986, de 13 de marzo, reguladora de las Fuerzas y Cuerpos de Seguridad (BOE No. 63, March 14, 1986).
34. Masip, J., Garrido, E., & Herrero, C. (2003). When did you conclude she was lying? The impact of the moment the decision about the sender's veracity is made and the sender's facial appearance on police officers' credibility judgments. Journal of Credibility Assessment and Witness Psychology, 4, 1-36.
35. Masip, J., Garrido, E., & Rojas-Díaz, M. (2000, April). Beliefs about indicators of deception and truthfulness in a specific situation. Paper presented at the 10th European Conference of Psychology and Law, Limassol, Cyprus.
36. McCann, J. T. (1998). A conceptual framework for identifying various types of confessions. Behavioral Sciences and the Law, 16, 441-453.
37. McCornack, S. A., & Levine, T. R. (1990). When lovers become leery: The relationship between suspicion and accuracy in detecting deception. Communication Monographs, 57, 219-230.
38. Meissner, C. A., & Kassin, S. M. (2002). "He's guilty!": Investigator bias in judgments of truth and deception. Law and Human Behavior, 26, 469-480.
39. Millar, M. G., & Millar, K. (1997). The effects of cognitive capacity and suspicion on truth bias. Communication Research, 24, 556-570.
40. Milne, R., & Bull, R. (1999). Investigative interviewing: Psychology and practice. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons.
41. Newcomb, T. M. (1943). Personality and social change. New York, NY: Dryden.
42. Newcomb, T. M., Koenig, K. E., Flacks, R., & Warwick, D. P. (1967). Persistence and change: Bennington College and its students after twenty-five years. New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons.
43. Orden de l de octubre de 1999, por la que se modifica la Orden de 30 de junio de 1995, por la que se establece el baremo de méritas aplicable a la promoción interna de los funcionarios del Cuerpo Nacional de Policía (BOE No. 240, October 7, 1999).
44. Orden de 24 de octubre de 1989, por la que se desarrolla el reglamento de ingreso, formación, promoción y perfeccionamiento de funcionarios del Cuerpo Nacional de Policía (BOE No. 259, October 28, 1989).
45. Orden de 30 de junio de 1995, por la que se establece el baremo de méritos aplicable a la promoción interna de los funcionarios del Cuerpo Nacional de Policía (BOE No. 116, July 13, 1995).
46. Porter, S., Woodworth, M., & Birt, A. R. (2000). Truth, lies, and videotape: An investigation of the ability of federal parole officers to detect deception. Law and Human Behavior, 24, 643-658.
47. Raskin, D. C., & Steller, M. (1989). Assessing credibility of allegations of child sexual abuse: Polygraph examinations and statement analysis. In H. Wegener, F. Lösel, & J. Haisch (Eds.), Criminal behavior and the justice system (pp. 290-302). New York, NY: Springer-Verlag.
48. Real Decreto 1556/1995, de 21 de septiembre, por el que se desarrolla la Ley 26/1994, de 29 de septiembre, por la que se regula la situación de segunda actividad (BOE No. 244, October 12, 1995).
49. Real Decreto 614/1995, de 21 de abril, por el que se aprueba el Reglamento de los procesos selectivos y de formación en el Cuerpo Nacional de Policía (BOE No. 118, May 18, 1995).
50. Real Decreto 884/1989, de 14 dejulio, por el que se aprueba el Reglamento de régimen disciplinario del Cuerpo Nacional de Policía (BOE No. 171, July 19, 1989).
51. Robinson, W. P. (1996). Deceit, delusion, and detection. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
52. Ross, L. (1977). The intuitive psychologist and his shortcomings: Distortions in the attribution process. In L. Berkowitz (Ed.), Advances in experimental social psychology (Vol. 10, pp. 174-221). New York, NY: Academic Press.
53. Saarni, C., & Lewis, M. (1993). Deceit and illusion in human affairs. In M. Lewis & C. Saarni (Eds.), Lying and deception in everyday life (pp. 1-29). London, UK: Guilford.
54. Sánchez, M. (1997). Derecho de la función pública [Public-duty law; 2nd ed.]. Madrid, Spain: Tecnos.
55. Stiff, J. B., Kim, H. J., & Ramesh, C. N. (1992). Truth biases and aroused suspicion in relational deception. Communication Research, 19, 326-345.
56. Taylor, R., & Vrij, A. (2000). The effects of varying stake and cognitive complexity on beliefs about the cues to deception. International Journal of Police Science and Management, 3, 111-123.
57. Toris, C., & DePaulo, B. M. (1984). Effects of actual deception and suspiciousness of deception on interpersonal perceptions. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 47, 1063-1073.
58. Undeutsch, U. (1989). The development of statement reality analysis. In J. C. Yuille (Ed.), Credibility assessment (pp. 101-119). Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Kluwer.
59. Vrij, A. (1992). Credibility judgments of detectives: The impact of nonverbal behavior, social skills, and physical characteristics on impression formation. Journal of Social Psychology, 133, 601-610.
60. Vrij, A. (1994). The impact of information and setting on detection of deception by police detectives. Journal of Nonverbal Behavior, 18, 117-136.
61. Vrij, A. (1998a). Interviewing suspects. In A. Memon, A. Vrij, & R. Bull (Eds.), Psychology and law. Truthfulness, accuracy, and credibility (pp. 124-146). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.
62. Vrij, A. (1998b). Nonverbal communication and credibility. In A. Memon, A. Vrij, & R. Bull (Eds.), Psychology and law. Truthfulness, accuracy, and credibility (pp. 32-58). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.
63. Vrij, A. (2000). Detecting lies and deceit. The psychology of lying and the implications for professional practice. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons.
64. Vrij, A., & Graham, S. (1997). Individual differences between liars and the ability to detect lies. Expert Evidence, 5, 144-148.
65. Vrij, A., & Mann, S. (2001a). Telling and detecting lies in a high-stake situation: The case of a convicted murderer. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 15, 187-203.
66. Vrij, A., & Mann, S. (2001b). Who killed my relative? Police officers' ability to detect real-life high-stake lies. Psychology, Crime, and Law, 7, 119-132.
67. Vrij, A., & Semin, G. R. (1996). Lie experts' beliefs about nonverbal indicators of deception. Journal of Nonverbal Behavior, 20, 65-80.