Influence of different relative intensities on power output during the hang power clean: Identification of the optimal load

Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research

Volumn 19, Issue 3, 2005, Pages 698-708

  Kawamori, Naoki ^a   Crum, Aaron J ^a   Blumert, Peter A ^a   Kulik, Justin R ^a   Childers, James T ^a   Wood, Julie A ^a   Stone, Michael H ^b   Haff, G Gregory ^c  

^a MIDWESTERN STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b United States Olympic Committee   (United States)

^c WEST VIRGINIA UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

Force time curve; Ground reaction force; Rate of force development; Resistance training; Vertical jump

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE; ARTICLE; BIOMECHANICS; EXERCISE TEST; HUMAN; MALE; METHODOLOGY; PHYSICAL EDUCATION; PHYSIOLOGY; SKELETAL MUSCLE; WEIGHT LIFTING;

ADULT; ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE; BIOMECHANICS; EXERCISE TEST; HUMANS; MALE; MUSCLE, SKELETAL; PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND TRAINING; WEIGHT LIFTING;

EID: 24944575711     PISSN: 10648011     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1519/16044.1     Document Type: Article

References (55)

1. BAKER, D. Improving vertical jump performance through general, special, and specific strength training: A brief review. J. Strength Cond. Res. 10:131-136. 1996.
2. BAKER, D. Acute and long-term power responses to power training: observations on the training of an elite power athlete. Strength Cond. J. 23:47-56. 2001.
3. BAKER, D. A series of studies on the training of high-intensity muscle power in rugby league football players. J. Strength Cond. Res. 15:198-209. 2001.
4. BAKER, D., S. NANCE, AND M. MOORE. The load that maximizes the average mechanical power output during explosive bench press throws in highly trained athletes. J. Strength Cond. Res. 15:20-24. 2001.
5. BAKER, D., S. NANCE, AND M. MOORE. The load that maximizes the average mechanical power output during jump squats in power-trained athletes. J. Strength Cond. Res. 15:92-97. 2001.
6. BEMBEN, M.G., J.L. CLASEY, AND B.H. MASSEY. The effect of the rate of muscle contraction on the force-time curve parameters of male and female subjects. Res. Q. Exerc. Sport 61:96-99. 1990.
7. BOSCO, C., P. LUHTANEN, AND P.V. KOMI. A simple method for measurement of mechanical power in jumping. Eur. J. Appl. Physiol. Occup. Physiol. 50:273-282. 1983.
8. BURKHARDT, E., AND J. GARHAMMER. Biomechanical comparison of hang cleans and vertical jumps. J. Appl. Sport. Sci. Res. 2:57. 1988.
9. COHEN, J. Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences (2nd ed.). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum, 1988.
10. CRONIN, J., P.J. MCNAIR, AND R.N. MARSHALL. Developing explosive power: A comparison of technique and training. J. Sci. Med. Sport 4:59-70. 2001.
11. DUCHATEAU, J., AND K. HAINAUT. Isometric or dynamic training: Differential effects on mechanical properties of a human muscle. J. Appl. Physiol. 56:296-301. 1984.
12. ENOKA, R.M. The pull in Olympic weightlifting. Med. Sci. Sports 11:131-137. 1979.
13. FAULKNER, J.A., D.R. CLAFLIN, AND K.K. MCCULLY. Power output of fast and slow fibers from human skeletal muscles. In: Human Muscle Power. N.L. Jones, N.M. McCartney, and A.J. McComas, eds. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics, 1986. pp. 81-94.
14. FIELDING, R.A., N.K. LEBRASSEUR, A. CUOCO, J. BEAN, K. MIZER, AND M.A. FIATARONE SINGH. High-velocity resistance training increases skeletal muscle peak power in older women. J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. 50:655-662. 2002.
15. GARHAMMER, J. Weight lifting and training. In: Biomechanics of Sport. C.L. Vaughan, ed. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, 1989. pp. 169-211.
16. GARHAMMER, J. A review of power output studies of Olympic and powerlifting: Methodology, performance prediction, and evaluation tests. J. Strength Cond. Res. 7:76-89. 1993.
17. GARHAMMER, J., AND R. GREGOR. Propulsion forces as a function of intensity for weightlifting and vertical jumping. J. Appl. Sport. Sci. Res. 6:129-134. 1992.
18. HAFF, G.G., M. STONE, H.S. O'BRYANT, E. HARMAN, C. DINAN, R. JOHNSON, AND K.-H. HAN. Force-time dependent characteristics of dynamic and isometric muscle actions. J. Strength Cond. Res. 11:269-272. 1997.
19. HAFF, G.G., A. WHITLEY, L.B. MCCOY, H.S. O'BRYANT, J.L. KILGORE, E.E. HAFF, K. PIERCE, AND M.H. STONE. Effects of different set configurations on barbell velocity and displacement during a clean pull. J. Strength Cond. Res. 17:95-103. 2003.
20. HAFF, G.G., A. WHITLEY, AND J.A. POTTEIGER. A brief review: Explosive exercises and sports performance. Strength Cond. J. 23:13-20. 2001.
21. HÄKKINEN, K., H. KAUHANEN, AND P.V. KOMI. Biomechanical changes in the olympic weightlifting technique of the snatch and clean & jerk from submaximal to maximal loads. Scand. J. Sports Sci. 6:57-66. 1984.
22. HARMAN, E.A., M.T. ROSENSTEIN, P.N. FRYKMAN, AND R.M. ROSENSTEIN. The effects of arms and countermovement on vertical jumping. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. 22:825-833. 1990.
23. HARMAN, E.A., M.T. ROSENSTEIN, P.N. FRYKMAN, R.M. ROSENSTEIN, AND W.J. KRAEMER. Estimation of human power output from vertical jump. J. Appl. Sport Sci. Res. 5:116-120. 1991.
24. HOLM, S. A simple sequentially rejective multiple test procedure. Scand. J. Stat. 6:65-70. 1979.
25. HOPKINS, W.G. A scale of magnitude for effect statistics. A new view of statistics. Last updated 2003. Available at: http://sportsci.org/resource/stats/ . Accessed May 4, 2005.
26. IZQUIERDO, M., K. HAKKINEN, J.J. GONZALEZ-BADILLO, J. IBANEZ, AND E.M. GOROSTIAGA. Effects of long-term training specificity on maximal strength and power of the upper and lower extremities in athletes from different sports. Eur. J. Appl. Physiol. 87:264-271. 2002.
27. IZQUIERDO, M., J. IBANEZ, E. GOROSTIAGA, M. GARRUES, A. ZUNIGA, A. ANTON, J.L. LARRION, AND K. HAKKINEN. Maximal strength and power characteristics in isometric and dynamic actions of the upper and lower extremities in middle-aged and older men. Acta Physiol. Scand. 167:57-68. 1999.
28. JACKSON, A.S., AND M.L. POLLOCK. Generalized equations for predicting body density of men. Br. J. Nutr. 40:497-504. 1978.
29. KANEKO, M., T. FUCHIMOTO, H. TOJI, AND K. SUEI. Training effects of different loads on the force-velocity relationship and mechanical power output in human muscle. Scand. J. Sports Sci. 5:50-55. 1983.
30. KAWAMORI, N., AND G.G. HAFF. The optimal training load for the development of muscular power. J. Strength Cond. Res. 18:674-684. 2004.
31. KIRKSEY, B., M.H. STONE, B.J. WARREN, R.L. JOHNSON, M. STONE, G.G. HAFF, F.E. WILLIAMS, AND C. PROULX. The effects of 6 weeks of creatine monohydrate supplementation on performance measures and body composition in collegiate track and field athletes. J. Strength Cond. Res. 13:148-156. 1999.
32. MACALUSO, A., AND G. DE VITO. Comparison between young and older women in explosive power output and its determinants during a single leg-press action after optimisation of load. Eur. J. Appl. Physiol. 90:458-463. 2003.
33. MARCORA, S., AND M.K. MILLER. The effect of knee angle on the external validity of isometric measures of lower body neuromuscular function. J. Sports Sci. 18:313-319. 2000.
34. MERO, A., P. LUHTANEN, J.T. VIITASALO, AND P.V. KOMI. Relationships between the maximal running velocity, muscle fiber characteristics, force production and force relaxation of sprinters. Scand. J. Sports Sci. 3:16-22. 1981.
35. MIRKOV, D.M., A. NEDELJKOVIC, S. MILANOVIC, AND S. JARIC. Muscle strength testing: evaluation of tests of explosive force production. Eur. J. Appl. Physiol. 91:147-154. 2004.
36. MURPHY, A.J., AND G.J. WILSON. Poor correlations between isometric tests and dynamic performance: Relationship to muscle activation. Eur. J. Appl. Physiol. Occup. Physiol. 73:353-357. 1996.
37. MURPHY, A.J., G.J. WILSON, AND J.F. PRYOR. Use of the isoinertial force mass relationship in the prediction of dynamic human performance. Eur. J. Appl. Physiol. Occup. Physiol. 69:250-257. 1994.
38. MURPHY, A.J., G.J. WILSON, J.F. PRYOR, AND R.U. NEWTON. Isometric assessment of muscular function: The effect of joint angle. J. Appl. Biomech. 1:205-215. 1995.
39. NEWTON, R.U., AND W.J. KRAEMER. Developing explosive muscular power: implications for a mixed methods training strategy. Strength Cond. J. 16:20-31. 1994.
40. NEWTON, R.U., A.J. MURPHY, B.J. HUMPHRIES, G.J. WILSON, W.J. KRAEMER, AND K. HAKKINEN. Influence of load and stretch shortening cycle on the kinematics, kinetics and muscle activation that occurs during explosive upper-body movements. Eur. J. Appl. Physiol. Occup. Physiol. 75:333-342. 1997.
41. PRYOR, J.F., G.J. WILSON, AND A.J. MURPHY. The effectiveness of eccentric, concentric and isometric rate of force development tests. J. Hum. Mov. Stud. 27:153-172. 1994.
42. SIEGEL, J.A., R.M. GILDERS, R.S. STARON, AND F.C. HAGERMAN. Human muscle power output during upper- and lower-body exercises. J. Strength Cond. Res. 16:173-178. 2002.
43. SIFF, M.C. Supertraining. Denver: Supertraining Institute, 2004.
44. SIRI, W.E. Body composition from fluid spaces and density: Analysis of methods. In: Techniques for Measuring Body Compositon. J. Brozek and A. Henschel, eds. Washington, DC: National Academy of Sciences, 1961. pp. 223-244.
45. SLEIVERT, G., AND M. TAINGAHUE. The relationship between maximal jump-squat power and sprint acceleration in athletes. Eur. J. Appl. Physiol. 91:46-52. 2004.
46. STONE, M.H. Position statement and literature review: Explosive exercises and training. Natl. Strength Cond. Assoc. J. 15:9-15. 1993.
47. STONE, M.H., AND H.S. O'BRYANT. Weight Training: A Scientific Approach. Minneapolis: Burgess International, 1987.
48. STONE, M.H., H.S. O'BRYANT, L. MCCOY, R. COGLIANESE, M. LEHMKUHL, AND B. SCHILLING. Power and maximum strength relationships during performance of dynamic and static weighted jumps. J. Strength Cond. Res. 17:140-147. 2003.
49. STONE, M.H., S. PLISK, AND D. COLLINS. Training principles: Evaluation of modes and methods of resistance training - A coaching perspective. Sports. Biomech. 1:79-103. 2002.
50. THOMAS, M., M.A. FIATARONE, AND R.A. FIELDING. Leg power in young women: relationship to body composition, strength, and function. Med. Sci Sports Exerc. 28:1321-1326. 1996.
51. VIITASALO, J.T., AND O. AURA. Seasonal fluctuations of force production in high jumpers. Can. J. Appl. Sport Sci. 9:209-213. 1984.
52. WILSON, G.J., A.D. LYTTLE, K.J. OSTROWSKI, AND A.J. MURPHY. Assessing dynamic performance: A comparison of rate of force development tests. J. Strength Cond. Res. 9:176-181. 1995.
53. WILSON, G.J., R.U. NEWTON, A.J. MURPHY, AND B.J. HUMPHRIES. The optimal training load for the development of dynamic athletic performance. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. 25:1279-1286. 1993.
54. YOUNG, W., B. MCLEAN, AND J. ARDAGNA. Relationship between strength qualities and sprinting performance. J. Sports Med. Phys. Fitness 35:13-19. 1995.
55. YOUNG, W.B., AND G.B. BILBY. The effect of voluntary effort to influence speed of contraction on strength, muscular power, and hypertrophy development. J. Strength Cond. Res. 7:172-178. 1993.