Ritonavir-based highly active antiretroviral therapy in human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected infants younger than 24 months of age

Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal

Volumn 24, Issue 9, 2005, Pages 793-800

  Chadwick, Ellen Gould ^a   Rodman, John H ^b   Britto, Paula ^c   Powell, Christine ^c   Palumbo, Paul ^d   Luzuriaga, Katherine ^e   Hughes, Michael ^c   Abrams, Elaine J ^f   Flynn, Patricia M ^b   Borkowsky, William ^g   Yogev, Ram ^a  

^a NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b ST JUDE CHILDREN S RESEARCH HOSPITAL   (United States)

^c HARVARD SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH   (United States)

^d RUTGERS NEW JERSEY MEDICAL SCHOOL   (United States)

^e UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SCHOOL   (United States)

^f Columbia University ^*  (United States)

^g NEW YORK UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

Infants; Pharmacokinetics; Protease inhibitors; Ritonavir

Indexed keywords

AMINOTRANSFERASE; EFAVIRENZ; LAMIVUDINE; PROTEINASE INHIBITOR; RITONAVIR; STAVUDINE; ZIDOVUDINE;

AGE DISTRIBUTION; ANEMIA; ARTICLE; CAREGIVER; CLINICAL ARTICLE; CLINICAL TRIAL; CONCENTRATION RESPONSE; DOSE RESPONSE; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG SAFETY; DRUG TOLERABILITY; FEMALE; FOLLOW UP; GENDER; HIGHLY ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; HUMAN; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS 1; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTION; INFANT; LIVER DYSFUNCTION; LIVER TOXICITY; MALE; MULTICENTER STUDY; OPEN STUDY; OUTCOMES RESEARCH; PATIENT COMPLIANCE; PHASE 1 CLINICAL TRIAL; PHASE 2 CLINICAL TRIAL; PRESCHOOL CHILD; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROSPECTIVE STUDY; SCORING SYSTEM; TREATMENT FAILURE; VIRUS INFECTION; VOMITING;

EID: 24944538700     PISSN: 08913668     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/01.inf.0000177281.93658.df     Document Type: Article

References (24)

1. Selik RM, Lindegren ML. Changes in deaths reported with human immunodeficiency virus infection among United States children less than thirteen years old, 1987 through 1999. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2003;22:635-641.
2. Gortmaker SL, Hughes M, Cervia J, et al. Effect of combination therapy including protease inhibitors on mortality among children and adolescents infected with HIV-1. N Engl J Meet. 2001;345:1522-1528.
3. Nachman SA, Stanley K, Yogev R, et al. Nucleoside analogs plus ritonavir in stable antiretroviral therapy-experienced HIV-infected children: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 2000;283:492-498.
4. Pelton SI, Johnson D, Chadwick EG, et al. A one year experience: T cell responses and viral replication in children with advanced human immunodeficiency virus type 1 disease treated with combination therapy including ritonavir. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 1999;18:650-652.
5. Kearns GL, Abdel-Rahman SM, Alander SW, Blowey DL, Leeder JS, Kauffman RE. Developmental pharmacology-drug disposition, action, and therapy in infants and children. N Engl J Med. 2003;349:1157-1167.
6. Abrams EJ, Weedon J, Steketee RW, et al. Association of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) load early in life with disease progression among HIV-infected infants. J Infect Dis. 1998;178:101-108.
7. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Revised classification system for human immunodeficiency virus infection in children less than 13 years of age. MMWR. 1994;43:1-10.
8. Yen-Lieberman B, Brambilla D, Jackson B, et al. Evaluation of a quality assurance program for quantitation of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 RNA in plasma by the AIDS Clinical Trials Group virology laboratories. J Clin Microbiol. 1996;34:2695-2701.
9. Kievits T, van Gemen B, van Strijp D, et al. NASBA isothermal enzymatic in vitro nucleic acid amplification optimized for the diagnosis of HIV-1 infection. J Virol Methods. 1991;35:273-286.
10. D'Argenio DZ, Schumitzky A. ADAPT II User's Guide: Pharmacokinetic/ Pharmacodynamic Systems Analysis Software. Los Angeles, CA: Biomedical Simulations Resource; 1997.
11. Hsu A, Granneman GR, Witt G, et al. Multiple-dose pharmacokinetics of ritonavir in human immunodeficiency virus-infected subjects. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1997;4I:898-905.
12. Mueller BU, Nelson RP Jr, Sleasman J, et al. A phase I/II study of the protease inhibitor ritonavir in children with human immunodeficiency virus infection. Pediatrics. 1998;10I:335-343.
13. Faye A, Bertone C, Teglas JP, et al. Early multitherapy including a protease inhibitor for human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected infants. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2002;2I:518-525.
14. Paediatric European Network for Treatment of AIDS (PENTA). Highly active antiretroviral therapy started in infants younger than 3 months of age: 72-week follow-up for CD4 cell count, viral load and drug resistance outcome. AIDS. 2004;18:237-245.
15. Luzuriaga K, McManus M, Mofenson L, et al. A trial of three antiretroviral regimens in HIV-1-infected children. N Engl J Med. 2004;350: 2471-2480.
16. Watson DC, Farley JJ. Efficacy of and adherence to highly active antiretroviral therapy in children infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 1999;18:682-689.
17. Paterson DL, Swindells S, Mohr J, et al. Adherence to protease inhibitor therapy and outcomes in patients with HIV infection. Ann Intern Med. 2000;133:21-30.
18. Bartlett JA. Addressing the challenges of adherence. JAIDS. 2002;2: S2-S10.
19. Denny T, Yogev R, Gelman R, et al. Lymphocyte subsets in healthy children during the first 5 years of life. JAMA. 1992;267:1484-1488.
20. Luzuriaga K, McManus M, Catalina M, et al. Early therapy of vertical human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection: control of viral replication and absence of persistent HIV-1-specific immune responses. J Virol. 2000;74:6984-6991.
21. Nadal D, Steiner F, Cheseaux JJ, et al. Ritonavir promotes increased growth in HIV-infected children. AIDS. 1998;12:2356-2357.
22. Dreimane D, Nielsen K, Deveikis A, etal. Effect of protease inhibitors combined with standard antiretroviral therapy on linear growth and weight gain in human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected children. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2001;20:315-316.
23. Buchacz K, Cervia JS, Lindsey JC, et al. Impact of protease inhibitor-containing combination antiretroviral therapies on height and weight growth in HIV-infected children. Pediatrics. 2001;108:E72.
24. Nachman SA, Lindsey JC, Pelton S, et al. Growth in human immunodeficiency virus-infected children receiving ritonavir-containing antiretroviral therapy. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2002;156:497-503.