Comparison of muscle activation using various hand positions during the push-up exercise

Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research

Volumn 19, Issue 3, 2005, Pages 628-633

  Cogley, Robert M ^a   Archambault, Teasha A ^a   Fibeger, Jon F ^a   Koverman, Mandy M ^a   Youdas, James W ^a   Hollman, John H ^a  

^a Mayo Clinic College of Medicine   (United States)

Author keywords

Electromyography; Pectoralis major; Triceps brachii

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE; ARTICLE; COMPARATIVE STUDY; ELECTROMYOGRAPHY; EXERCISE; FEMALE; HAND; HUMAN; MALE; MUSCLE CONTRACTION; PECTORALIS MAJOR MUSCLE; PHYSIOLOGY; SEX DIFFERENCE; SKELETAL MUSCLE;

ADULT; ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE; ELECTROMYOGRAPHY; EXERCISE; FEMALE; HAND; HUMANS; MALE; MUSCLE CONTRACTION; MUSCLE, SKELETAL; PECTORALIS MUSCLES; SEX FACTORS;

EID: 24944465294     PISSN: 10648011     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1519/15094.1     Document Type: Article

References (22)

1. ANDERSON, D.S., M.F. JACKSON, D.S. KROPF, AND G.L. SODERBERG. Electromyographic analysis of selected muscles during sitting push-ups: Effects of position and sex. Phys. Ther. 64:24-28. 1984.
2. BIGLAND, B., AND O.C. LIPPOLD. The relation between force, velocity and integrated electrical activity in human muscles. J. Physiol. 123:214-224. 1954.
3. BLACKARD, D.O., R.L. JENSEN, AND W.P. EBBEN. Use of EMG analysis in challenging kinetic chain terminology. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. 31:443-448. 1999.
4. DONKERS, M.J., K.N. AN, E.Y. CHAO, AND B.F. MORREY. Hand position affects elbow joint load during push-up exercise. J. Biomech. 26:625-632. 1993.
5. GEIGER, B. Training notebook: Angle play. Muscle Fitness January:46-48. 2004.
6. HALEM, D. Pump up with push-ups: Train your pecs at home with 9 variations of this classic movement. Muscle Fitness 63:116-120;129. 2002.
7. HENDEL, A.P. Living better with the "push-up." Available at: http://www.bodyjam.com/pushup/php3. Accessed May 10, 2004.
8. HISLOP, H.J., AND J. MONTGOMERY. Daniels and Worthingham's Muscle Testing: Techniques of Manual Examination (7th ed.). Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders Company, 2002.
9. INVERGO, J.J., T.E. BALL, AND M. LOONEY. Relationship of push-ups and absolute muscular endurance to bench press strength. J. Appl. Sport Sci. Res. 5:121-125. 1991.
10. KEPPEL, G. Design and Analysis: A Researcher's Handbook (3rd ed.). England Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall, 1991.
11. KHAZEI, D. Push-up power: Five variations on this classic exercise. Men's Fitness 10:56-57. 1994.
12. KNAPIK, J.J., M.A. SHARP, M. CANHAM-CHERVAK, K. HAURET, J.F. PATTON, AND B.H. JONES. Risk factors for training-related injuries among men and women in basic combat training. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. 33:946-954. 2001.
13. LEAR, L.J., AND M.T. GROSS. An electromyographical analysis of the scapular stabilizing synergists during a push-up progression. J. Orthop. Sports Phys. Ther. 28:146-57. 1998.
14. MAYHEW, J.L., T.E. BALL, M.D. ARNOLD, AND J.C. BOWEN. Push-ups as a measure of upper body strength. J. Appl. Sport Sci. Res. 5:16-21. 1991.
15. MOORE, K.L. Clinically Oriented Anatomy (3rd ed.). Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins, 1992.
16. MOSELEY, J.B., JR., F.W. JOBE, M. PINK, J. PERRY, AND J. TIBONE. EMG analysis of the scapular muscles during a shoulder rehabilitation program. Am. J. Sports Med. 20:128-134. 1992.
17. SCHULER, L. Push League. Available at: http://www. menshealth.com/cda/ article/0,2823,s1-1-0-0-596,00.html. Accessed May 10, 2004.
18. SIGNORILE, J.F., A.J. ZINK, AND S.P. SZWED. A comparative electromyographical investigation of muscle utilization patterns using various hand positions during the lat pull-down. J. Strength Cond. Res. 16:539-546. 2002.
19. TOWNSEND, H., F.W. JOBE, M. PINK, AND J. PERRY. Electromyographic analysis of the glenohumeral muscles during a baseball rehabilitation program. Am. J. Sports Med. 19:264-272. 1991.
20. UHL, T.L., T.J. CARVER, C.G. MATTACOLA, S.D. MAIR, AND A.J. NITZ. Shoulder musculature activation during upper extremity weight-bearing exercise. J. Orthop. Sports Phys. Ther. 33:109-17. 2003.
21. VOIGHT, K. The right moves: Building pecs: The do's and don'ts of a perfectly proper push-up. Los Angeles Times Health S8. 2000.
22. WEEDE, T., AND W.J. KRAEMER. Muscle and fitness blueprint for arms. Muscle Fitness Insert. 2002.