An evaluation of mouthguard requirements and dental injuries in New Zealand rugby union

British Journal of Sports Medicine

Volumn 39, Issue 9, 2005, Pages 650-654

  Quarrie, K L ^a,d   Gianotti, S M ^b   Chalmers, D J ^c   Hopkins, W G ^d  

^a Research and Injury Prevention   (New Zealand)

^b ACC   (New Zealand)

^c UNIVERSITY OF OTAGO   (New Zealand)

^d AUCKLAND UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY   (New Zealand)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ACCIDENT PREVENTION; ADOLESCENT; ADULT; ARTICLE; COST CONTROL; HEALTH CARE ORGANIZATION; HUMAN; LAW ENFORCEMENT; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MANDATORY PROGRAM; MOUTH PROTECTOR; NEW ZEALAND; PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT; REIMBURSEMENT; RUGBY; SELF REPORT; TOOTH INJURY; WORKMAN COMPENSATION;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; COHORT STUDIES; FOOTBALL; HUMANS; MALE; MOUTH PROTECTORS; NEW ZEALAND; RISK FACTORS; TOOTH INJURIES;

EID: 24644500811     PISSN: 03063674     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1136/bjsm.2004.016022     Document Type: Article

References (33)

1. Bird YN, Waller AE, Marshall SW, et al. The New Zealand Rugby injury and Performance Project. V. Epidemiology of a season of rugby injury. Br J Sports Med 1998;32:319-25.
2. Durie RM, Munroe AD. A prospective survey of injuries in a New Zealand schoolboy rugby population. New Zealand Journal of Sports Medicine 2000;28:84-90.
3. Garraway M, Macleod D. Epidemiology of rugby football injuries. Lancet 1995;345:1485-7.
4. Garraway WM, Lee AJ, Hutton SJ, et al. Impact of professionalism on injuries in rugby union. Br J Sports Med 2000;34:348-51.
5. Roux CE, Goedeke R, Visser GR, et al. The epidemiology of schoolboy rugby injuries. S Afr Med J 1987;71:307-13.
6. Bathgate A, Best JP, Craig G, et al. A prospective study of injuries to elite Australian rugby union players. Br J Sports Med 2002;36:265-9; discussion 269.
7. Targett SG. Injuries in professional Rugby Union. Clin J Sport Med 1998;8:280-5.
8. Chalmers DJ, Gulliver P, Stephenson S. Routine surveillance of injuries and safety behaviour in rugby union football. Dunedin: Injury Prevention Research Unit, University of Otago, 2003.
9. McIntosh AS. Risk compensation, motivation, injuries, and biomechanics in competitive sport. Br J Sports Med 2005;39:2-3.
10. Quarrie KL, Cantu RC, Chalmers DJ. Rugby union injuries to the cervical spine and spinal cord. Sports Med 2002;32:633-53.
11. IRB. The Laws of the Game of Rugby Football. http://www.irb.com (accessed 27 May 2005).
12. Chalmers DJ. Mouthguards. Protection for the mouth in rugby union. Sports Med 1998;25:339-49.
13. Gerrard DF. The use of padding in rugby union. An overview. Sports Med 1998;25:329-32.
14. Gerrard DF. External knee support in rugby union. Effectiveness of bracing and taping. Sports Med 1998;25:313-17.
15. Hume PA, Gerrard DF. Effectiveness of external ankle support. Bracing and taping in rugby union. Sports Med 1998;25:285-312.
16. Wilson BD. Protective headgear in rugby union. Sports Med 1998;25:333-7.
17. McIntosh AS, McCrory P. Effectiveness of headgear in a pilot study of under 15 rugby union football. Br J Sports Med 2001;35:167-9.
18. McIntosh A, McCrory P, Finch CF. Performance enhanced headgear: a scientific approach to the development of protective headgear. Br J Sports Med 2004;38:46-9.
19. Marshall SW, Waller AE, Loomis DP, et al. Use of protective equipment in a cohort of rugby players. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2001;33:2131-8.
20. Chalmers DJ, Gulliver P, Stephenson S. Routine surveillance of injuries and safety behaviour in rugby union football. Dunedin: Injury Prevention Research Unit, University of Otago, 2002.
21. Waller AE, Feehan M, Marshall SW, et al. The New Zealand Rugby Injury and Performance Project. I. Design and methodology of a prospective follow-up study. Br J Sports Med 1994;28:223-8.
22. Gerrard DF, Waller AE, Bird YN. The New Zealand Rugby Injury and Performance Project. II. Previous injury experience of a rugby-playing cohort. Br J Sports Med 1994;28:229-33.
23. Quarrie KL, Alsop JC, Waller AE, et al. The New Zealand rugby injury and performance project. VI. A prospective cohort study of risk factors for injury in rugby union football. Br J Sports Med 2001;35:157-66.
24. Kay EJ, Kakarla P, Macleoa DA, et al. Oro-facial and dental injuries in club rugby union players. Br J Sports Med 1990;24:271-3.
25. Blignaut JB, Carstens IL, Lombard G. Injuries sustained in rugby by wearers and non-wearers of mouthguards. Br J Sports Med 1987;21:5-7.
26. Chapman PJ. The prevalence of orofacial injuries and use of mouthguards in Rugby Union. Aust Dent J 1985;30:364-7.
27. Upson N. Dental injuries and the attitudes of rugby players to mouthguards. Br J Sports Med 1982;16:241-4.
28. Upson N. Mouthguards, an evaluation of two types for Rugby players. Br J Sports Med 1985;19:89-92.
29. Chapman PJ. Orofacial injuries and mouthguards: a study of the 1984 Wallabies. Br J Sports Med 1985;19:93-5.
30. Chapman PJ, Nasser BP. Attitudes to mouthguards and prevalence of orofacial injuries in four teams competing at the second Rugby World Cup. Br J Sports Med 1993;27:197-9.
31. Chapman PJ, Nasser BP. Prevalence of orofacial injuries and use of mouthguards in high school Rugby Union. Aust Dent J 1996;41:252-5.
32. Jennings DC. Injuries sustained by users and non-users of gum shields in local rugby union. Br J Sports Med 1990;24:159-65.
33. Newsome PR, Tran DC, Cooke MS. The role of the mouthguard in the prevention of sports-related dental injuries: a review. Int J Paediatr Dent 2001;11:396-404.