Assessment of calcium status in Maine forests: Review and future projection

Canadian Journal of Forest Research

Volumn 35, Issue 5, 2005, Pages 1109-1121

  Huntington, T G ^a  

^a U S GEOLOGICAL SURVEY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ACIDITY; ATMOSPHERIC SPECTRA; CALCIUM; CLIMATE CHANGE; HARDWOODS; HARVESTING; SOIL MECHANICS; WEATHERING;

ACIDIC DEPOSITION; CALCIUM STATUS; FOREST SOILS; MINERAL WEATHERING;

FORESTRY;

ACID DEPOSITION; CALCIUM; GROWTH RATE; HARVESTING;

ACIDITY; ATMOSPHERE; CALCIUM; FORESTS; HARDWOODS; HARVESTING; SOIL MECHANICS; WEATHERING;

MAINE; NORTH AMERICA; UNITED STATES; WESTERN HEMISPHERE; WORLD;

ABIES; CONIFEROPHYTA; INSECTA; PICEA;

EID: 24644471492     PISSN: 00455067     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1139/x05-034     Document Type: Article

References (96)

1. Adams, M.B. 1999. Acidic deposition and sustainable forest management in the central Appalachians, USA. For. Ecol. Manage. 122: 17-28.
2. Adams, M.B., Burger, J.A., Jenkins, A.B., and Zelazny, L. 2000. Impact of harvesting and atmospheric pollution on nutrient depletion of eastern hardwood forests. For. Ecol. Manage. 138: 301-319.
3. April, R., and Newton, R. 1992. Mineralogy and mineral eeathering. In Atmsopheric deposition and forest nutrient cycling. Edited by D.W. Johnson and S.E. Lindberg. Springer-Verlag, New York. pp. 378-425.
4. Bailey, S.W., Hornbeck, J.W., Driscoll, C.T., and Gaudett, H.E. 1996. Calcium inputs and transport in a base poor forest ecosystem as interpreted by Sr isotopes. Water Resour. Res. 32: 707-719.
5. Baker, J.P., Bernard, D.P., Christensen, S.W., Sale, M.J., Freda, J., Heltcher, K. et al. 1990. Biological effects of changes in surface water acid-base chemistry. In Acid deposition: state of science and technology report 13. Vol. II. Edited by P.M. Irving. National Acid Precipitation Assessment Program, Washington, D.C.
6. Binkley, D., Driscoll, C.T., Allen, H.L., Shoenberger, P., and McAvoy, D. 1989. Acidic deposition and forest soils: context and case studies of the southeastern United States. Ecol. Stud. 72.
7. Blum, J.D., Klaue, A., Nezat, C.A., Driscoll, C.T., Johnson, C.E., Siccama, T.G. et al. 2002. Mycorrhizal weathering of apatite as an important calcium source in base-poor forest ecosystems. Nature (London), 417: 729-731.
8. Bondietti, E.A., Momoshima, N., Shortle, W.C., and Smith, K.T. 1990. A historical perspective on divalent cation trends in red spruce stemwood and the hypothetical relationship to acidic deposition. Can. J. For. Res. 20: 1850-1858.
9. Briggs, R.D., Hornbeck, J.W., Smith, C.T., Lemin, R.C.J., and McCormack, M.L.J. 2000. Long-term effects of forest management on nutrient cycling in spruce-fir forests. For. Ecol. Manage. 138: 285-299.
10. Bulger, A.J., Dolloff, C.A., Cosby, B.J., Eshleman, K.N., Webb, J.R., and Galloway, J.N. 1995. The "Shenandoah National Park: fish in sensitive habitats" (SNP: FISH) project. An integrated assessment of fish community responses to stream acidification. Water Air Soil Pollut. 85: 309-314.
11. Chase, A.I., and Young, H.E. 1978. Pulping, biomass and nutrient studies of woody shrubs and shrub sizes of tree species. Bulletin B749, University of Maine, Orono, Me.
12. Church, M.R., Thornton, K.W., Shaffer, P.W., Stevens, D.L., Rochelle, B.P., Holdren, G.R. et al. 1989. Direct/Delayed Response Project: future effects of long-term sulfur deposition on surface water chemistry in the northeast and southern Blue Ridge Province (results of the DDRP). Report EPA/600/3-89/061a-d. US Environmental Protection Agency, Corvallis, Ore.
13. Clark, A., III., Phillips, D.R., and Frederick, D.J. 1986. Weight, volume, and physical properties of major hardwood species in the Piedmont. USDA For. Serv. Res. Pap. SE-255.
14. Clow, D.W., and Mast, M.A. 1999. Trends in precipitation and stream-water chemistry in the northeastern United States 1984-1996. USGS Fact Sheet FS 117-99.
15. Cooter, E.J., and LeDuc, S. 1995. Recent frost date trends in the northeastern U.S. Intl. J. Climatol. 15: 65-75.
16. Cosby, B.J., Hornberge, G.M., Galloway, J.N., and Wright, R.F. 1985. Time scales of catchment acidification. Environ. Sci. Technol. 19: 1144-1149.
17. Couture, S., 1995. Response of the Laflamme Lake wathershed, Quebeck, to reduced, sulphate deposition (1981-1992). Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 52: 1936-1995.
18. DeHayes, D.H., Schaberg, P.G., Hawley, G.J., and Strimbeck, G.R. 1999. Acid rain impacts on calcium nutrition and forest health. Bioscience, 49: 789-800.
19. Dijkstra, F.A., VanBreemen, N., Jongman, A.G., Davies, G.R., and Likens, G.E. 2003. Calcium weathering in forested soils and the effect of different tree species. Biogeochemistry, 62: 253-275.
20. Driscoll, C.T., Postek, K.M., Kretser, W., and Raynal, D.J. 1995. Long-term trends in the chemistry of precipitation and lake water in the Adirondack region of New York, USA. Water Air Soil Pollut. 85: 583-588.
21. Driscoll, C.T., Lawrence, G.B., Bulger, A.J., Butler, Y.J., Eagar, C., Lambert, K.F. et al. 2001. Acidic deposition in the northeastern United States: sources and inputs, ecosystem effects, and management strategies. Bioscience, 51: 180-198.
22. Drohan, J.R., and Sharpe, W.E. 1997. Long-term changes in forest soil acidity in Pennsylvania, USA. Water Air Soil Pollut. 95: 299-311.
23. Dudley, R.W., and Hodgkins, G.A. 2002. Trends in streamflow, river ice, and snowpack for coastal river basins in Maine during the 20th century. USGS Fact Sheet FS 2005-3001.
24. Dyer, R.F. 1967. Fresh and dry weight, nutrient elements and pulping characteristics of northern white cedar, Thuja occidentalis. Maine Agric. Exp. Stn. Tech. Bull. No. 27.
25. Federer, C.A., Hornbeck, J.W., Tritton, L.M., Martin, W.C., Pierce, R.S., and Smith, C.T. 1989. Long-term depletion of calcium and other nutrients in eastern US. For. Environ. Manage. 13: 593-601.
26. Ferguson, R.H., and Longwood, F.R. 1960. The timber resources of Maine. USDA Forest Service, Northeastern Forest Experiment Station, Upper Darby, Penn.
27. Fernandez, I.J. 1992. Characterization of eastern US spruce-fir soils. In Ecology and decline of red spruce in the eastern United States. Ecol. Stud. 96: 41-63.
28. Fernandez, I.J., Rustad, L.E., and Lawrence, G.B. 1993. Estimating total soil mass, nutrient content, and trace metals in soils under a low elevation spruce-fir forest. Can. J. Soil Sci. 73: 317-328.
29. Fernandez, I.J., Rustad, L.E., David, M., Nadelhoffer, K., and Mitchell, M. 1999. Mineral soil and solution responses to experimental N and S retention and exports in a forested watershed. Environ. Monit. Assess. 55: 165-185.
30. Fernandez, I.J., Rustad, L.E., Norton, S.A., Kahl, J.S., and Cosby, B.J. 2003. Experimental acidification causes soil base-cation depletion at the Bear Brook Watershed in Maine. Soil Sci Soc. Am. J. 67: 1909-1919.
31. Frich, P., Alexander, L.V., Della-Marta, P., Gleason, B., Haylock, M., Klein-Tank, A.M.G., and Peterson, T.C. 2002. Observed coherent changes in climatic extremes during the second half of the twentieth century. Clim. Res. 19: 193-212.
32. Griffith, D.M., and Alerich, C.L., 1996. Forest statistics for Maine, 1995. USDA For. Serv. Res. Bull. NE-135.
33. Groisman, P.Y., Knight, P.W., and Karl, T.R. 2001. Heavy precipitation and high streamflow in the United States: trends in the 20th century. Bull. Am. Meteorol. Assoc. 82: 219-246.
34. Haines, T.A., Norton, S.A., Kahl, J.S., Pauwels, S.J., Jagoe, C.H., and Fay, C.W. 1990. Intensive studies of stream fish populations in Maine. Report EP 1.23/600/3-90/043. US EPA Environmental Research Laboratory, Corvallis, Ore.
35. Hamburg, S.P., Yanai, R.D., Arthur, M.A., Blum, J.D., and Siccama, T.G. 2003. Biotic control of calcium cycling in northern hardwood forests: acid rain and aging forests. Ecosystems, 6: 399-406.
36. Helsel, D.R., and Hirsch, R.M. 1992. Statistical methods in water resources. Techniques of Water-Resources Investigation, Book 4, Chapter A3 [online]. USGS, Reston, Va. Available from http://water.usgs.gov/pubs/twri/ twri4a3/.
37. Hicks, B.B., Hosker, R.P., Meyers, T.P., and Womack, J.D. 1991. Dry deposition inferential measurement techniques. I. Design and tests of a prototype meterological and chemical system for determining dry deposition. Atmos. Environ. 25A: 2345-2359.
38. Hodgkins, G.A., James, I.C., and Huntington, T.G. 2002. Historical changes in lake ice-out dates as indicators of climate change in New England. Intl. J. Climatol. 22: 1819-1827.
39. Hodgkins, G.A., Dudley, R.W., and Huntington, T.G. 2003. Changes in the timing of high river flows in New England over the 20th century. J. Hydrol. 278: 244-252.
40. Hornbeck, J.W., Smith, C.T., Martin, C.W., Tritton, L.M., and Pierce, R.S. 1990. Effects of intensive harvesting on nutrient capitals of three forest types in New England. For. Ecol. Manage. 30: 55-64.
41. Hornbeck, J.W., Bailey, S.W., Buso, D.C., and Shanley, J.B. 1997. Streamwater chemistry and nutrient budgets for forested watersheds in New England: variability and management implications. For. Ecol. Manage. 93: 73-89.
42. Huntington, T.G. 2000. The potential for calcium depletion in forest ecosystems of southeastern United States: review and analysis. Global Biogeochem. Cycles, 14: 623-638.
43. Huntington, T.G., Hodgkins, G.A., Keim, B.D., and Dudley, R.W. 2004. Changes in the proportion of precipitation occurring as snow in New England (1949 to 2000). J. Clim. 17: 2626-2636.
44. 2 enrichment. Global Change Biol. 5: 493-495.
45. Iverson, L.R., and Prasad, A.M. 1998. Predicting abundance of 80 tree species following climate change in the eastern United States. Ecol. Monogr. 68: 465-485.
46. James, K.O.W. 1993. Quality assurance report. NADP/NTN Deposition Monitoring, Laboratory Operations, Central Analytical Laboratory, January-December 1991. National Acid Deposition Program. Natural Resource Ecology Laboratory, Colorado State University, Fort Collins Colo.
47. Jeffries, D.S., Clair, T.A., Dillon, P.J., Papineau, M., and Stainton, M.P., 1995. Trends in surface water acidification at ecological monitoring sites in southeastern Canada (1981-1993). Water Air Soil Pollut. 85: 577-582.
48. Johnson, A.H., Anderson, S.B., and Siccama, T.G. 1994. Acid rain and soils of the Adirondacks. I. Changes in pH and available calcium. Can. J. For. Res. 24: 193-198.
49. Johnson, C.E., Johnson, A.H., and Siccama, T.G. 1991. Whole-tree clear-cutting effects on exchangeable cations and soil acidity. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 55: 502-508.
50. Johnson, D.W., and Henderson, G.S., 1989. Terrestrial nutrient cycling. In Analysis of biogeochemical cycling processes in Walker Branch Watershed. Edited by D.W. Johnson and R.I. VanHook. Springer-Verlag, New York. pp. 233-300.
51. Johnson, D.W., and Todd, D.E. 1990. Nutrient cycling in forests of Walker Branch Watershed, Tennessee: roles of uptake and leaching in causing soil changes. J. Environ. Qual. 19: 97-104.
52. Johnson, D.W., and Lindberg, S.E. (Editors). 1992. Atmospheric deposition and forest nutrient cycling. Ecol. Stud. 91.
53. Johnson, D.W., Henderson, G.S., and Todd, D.E. 1988. Changes in nutrient distribution in forests and soils of Walker Branch Watershed, Tennessee, over an eleven-year period. Biogeochemistry, 5: 275-293.
54. Joslin, J.D., and Wolfe, M.H. 1992. Tests of the use of net throughfall sulfate to estimate dry and occult sulfur deposition. Atmos. Environ. 26A: 63-72.
55. Kahl, J.S., Norton, S.A., Cronan, C.S., Fernandez, I.J., Bacon, L.C., and Haines, T.A. 1991. Maine. In Acid deposition and aquatic ecosystems. Edited by D.F. Charles. Springer-Verlag, New York, pp. 203-235.
56. Kahl, J.S., Norton, S.A., Haines, T.A., Rochette, E.A., Heath, R.H., and Nodvin, S.C. 1992. Mechanisms of episodic acidification in low-order streams in Maine, USA. Environ. Pollut. 78: 37-44.
57. Kahl, S., Norton, S., Fernandez, I.J., Rustad, L.E., and Handley, M., 1999. Nitrogen and sulfur input-output budgets in the experimental and reference watersheds, Bear Brook Watershed in Maine (BBWM). Environ. Monit. Assess. 55: 113-131.
58. Keim, B.D., Wilson, A., Wake, C., and Huntington, T.G. 2003. Are there spurious temperature trends in the United States Climate Division Database? Geophys. Res. Lett. 30(27): 1404. doi: 10.1029/2002GL016295
59. Kennedy, M.J., Hedin, L.O., and Derry, L.A. 2002. Decoupling of unpolluted temperate forests from rock nutrient sources revealed by natural 87Sr/86Sr tracer addition. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99: 9639-9644.
60. Kirchner, J.W., and Lydersen, E. 1995. Base cation depletion and potential long-term acidification of Norwegian catchments. Environ. Sci. Tech. 29: 1953-1960.
61. Lawrence, G.B., David, M.B., and Shortle, W.S. 1995. A new mechanism for calcium loss in forest floor soils. Nature (London), 378: 162-165.
62. Lawrence, G.B., David, M.B., Lovett, G.M., Murdoch, P.S., Burns, D.A., Stoddard, J.L. et al. 1999. Soil calcium status and the response of stream chemistry to changing acidic deposition rates in the Catskill Mountains of New York. Ecol. Appl. 9: 1059-1072.
63. Likens, G.E., Driscoll, C.T., and Buso, D.C. 1996. Long-term effects of acid rain: responses and recovery of a forest ecosystem. Science (Washington, D.C.), 272: 244-246.
64. Likens, G.E., Driscoll, C.T., Buso, D.C., Siccama, T.G., Johnson, C.E., Lovett, G.M. et al. 1998. The biogeochemistry of calcium at Hubbard Brook. Biogeochemistry, 41: 89-173.
65. Lindberg, S.E., Bredemeier, M., Schafer, D.A., and Qi, L., 1990. Atmospheric concentrations and deposition of nitrogen and major ions in conifer forests in the United States and Federal Republic of Germany. Atmos. Environ. 24: 2207-2220.
66. Lynch, J.A., Bowersox, V.C., and Grimm, J.W. 2000. Acid rain reduced in the eastern United States. Environ. Sci. Technol. 34: 940-949.
67. Mast, M.A., and Turk, J.T. 1999. Environmental characteristics and water quality of hydrologic benchmark stations in the eastern United States, 1963-95. US Geological Survey Circular 1173-A. USGS, Washington, D.C.
68. McLaughlin, S.B., and Wimmer, R. 1999. Tansley Review 104. Calcium physiology and its role in terrestrial ecosystem processes. New Phytol. 142: 373-417.
69. Miller, E.K., Blum, J.E., and Friedland, A.J. 1993. Determination of soil exchangeable-cation loss and weathering rates using Sr isotopes. Nature (London), 362: 438-441.
70. MSFS. 1998. Timber supply outlook for Maine: 1995-2045. Department of Conservation, Maine State Forest Service, Augusta, Me.
71. NADP 2003. National Atmospheric Deposition Program, (NRSP-3)/National Trends Network. NADP Program Office, Illinois State Water Survey, Champaign, Ill.
72. NAPAP. 1998. National Acid Precipitation Assessment Program biennial report to Congress: an integrated assessment. National Council National Science and Technology Council, Committee on Environment and Natural Resources, Silver Spring, Md.
73. Nezat, C.A., Blum, J.D., Klauel, A., Johnson, C.E., and Siccama, T.G. 2004. Influence of landscape position and vegetation on long-term weathering rates at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, New Hampshire, USA. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 68: 3065-3078.
74. Nizich, S.V., Pierce, T., and Hohenstein, W. 1995. National air pollutant trends, 1900-1994. US EPA Report EPA-454/R-95-011. US EPA, Research Triangle Park, N.C.
75. Norton, S.A., Kahl, J.S., Fernandez, I.J., Haines, T.A., Rustad, L.E., Nodvin, S. et al. 1999. The Bear Brook Watershed, Maine, (BBWP) USA. Environ. Monit. Assess. 55: 7-51.
76. Peden, M.E., 1986. Methods of collection and analysis of wet deposition. Report 381. Illinois State Water Survey, Champaign, Ill.
77. Powell, D.S., and Dickson, D.R. 1984. Forest statistics for Maine: 1971 and 1982. USDA For. Serv. Resour. Bull. NE-81.
78. Department of Fisheries and Oceans. 2000. The effects of acid rain on Atlantic salmon of the Southern Upland of Nova Scotia. Department of Fisheries and Oceans, Maritimes Regional Habitat Status Report 2000/2E, May 2000.
79. Robarge, W.P., and Johnson, D.W. 1992. The effects of acidic deposition on forested soils. Adv. Agron. 47: 1-83.
80. Rustad, L.E., Kahl, J.S., Norton, S.A., and Fernandez, I.J. 1994. Under-estimation of dry deposition by throughfall in mixed northern hardwood forests. J. Hydrol. 162: 319-336.
81. Schaberg, P.G., DeHayes, D.H., and Hawley, G.J. 2001. Anthropogenic calcium depletion: A unique threat to forest ecosystem health? Ecosyst. Health, 7: 214-228.
82. Shortle, W.C., Smith, K.T., Minocha, R., Larwence, G.B., and David, M.B. 1997. Acidic deposition, cation mobilization, and biochemical indicators of stress in health red spruce. J. Environ. Qual. 26: 871-876.
83. Smith, C.T., McCormack, M.L., Jr., Hornbeck, J.W., and Martin, C.W. 1986. Nutrient and biomass removals from a red spruce - balsam fir whole-tree harvest. Can. J. For. Res. 16: 381-388.
84. Stoddard, J.L., Jeffries, D.S., Lükewille, A., Clair, T.A., Dillon, P.J., Driscoll, C.T. et al. 1999. Regional trends in aquatic recovery from acidification in North America and Europe. Nature (London), 401: 575-578.
85. Stoddard, J.L., Kahl, J.S., Deviney, F.A., DeWalle, D.R., Driscoll, C.T., Herlihy, A.T. et al. 2003. Response of surface water chemistry to the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990. Report EPA/620/R-03/001. US Environmental Protection Agency, Corvallis, Ore.
86. Switzer, G.L., and Nelson, L.E. 1972. Nutrient accumulation and cycling in Loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) plantation ecosystems: the first twenty years. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 36: 143-147.
87. Townsend, A.R., Braswell, B.H., Holland, E.A., and Penner, J.E. 1996. Spatial and temporal patterns in terrestrial carbon storage due to deposition of fossil fuel nitrogen. Ecol. Appl. 6: 806-814.
88. Turner, R.S., Brandt, C.C., Schmoyer, D.D., Goyert, J.C., VanHoesen, K.D., Allison, L.J. et al. 1993. Direct/Delayed Response Project database. ESD Publ. 2871. Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge, Tenn.
89. US EPA. 2000. National air pollutant emission trends, 1900-1998. US EPA Report EPA-454/R-00-002. US EPA, Research Triangle Park, N.C.
90. US Forest Service. 1972. Properties of major southern pines. U.S. For. Serv. Res. Pap. FPL-176-177.
91. Watmough, S.A., and Dillon, P.J. 2003. Calcium losses from a forested catchment in south-central Ontario, Canada. Environ. Sci. Technol. 37: 3085-3089.
92. Watt, W.D. 1997. The Atlantic Region acid rain monitoring program in acidified Atlantic Salmon rivers; trends and present status. DFO Canadian Stock Assessment Secretariat Research Document 97/28.
93. Watt, W.D., Scott, C.D., Zamora, P.Z., and White, W.J. 2000. Acid toxicity levels in Nova Scotian rivers have not declined in synchrony with the decline in sulfate levels. Water Air Soil Pollut. 118: 203-229.
94. Young, H.E., and Carpenter, P.M. 1967. Weight, nutrient element and productivity studies of seedlings and saplings of eight tree species in natural ecosystems. Maine Agric. Exp. Stn. Tech. Bull. 28.
95. Young, H.E., Carpenter, P.N., and Altenberger, R.A. 1965. Preliminary tables of some chemical elements in seven tree species in Maine. Maine Agric. Exp. Stn. Tech. Bull. TB020.
96. Young, H.E., Ribe, J.H., and Wainwright, K. 1980. Weight tables for tree and shrub species in Maine. Maine Life Sci. Agric. Exp. Stn. Misc. Rep. 230.