A three-dimensional biomechanical analysis of the cat ankle joint complex: II. Effects of ankle joint orientation on evoked isometric joint torque

Journal of Applied Biomechanics

Volumn 15, Issue 2, 1999, Pages 106-119

  Lawrence III, John H ^a   Richard Nichols, T ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY   (United States)

^b EMORY UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Ankle joint; Isometric torque; Motor control; Posture

Indexed keywords

BIOELECTRIC POTENTIALS; DEGREES OF FREEDOM (MECHANICS); FUNCTIONAL ELECTRIC STIMULATION; JOINTS (ANATOMY); LIVING SYSTEMS STUDIES; MUSCLE; SENSORS; TORQUE;

MOTOR CONTROL;

BIOMECHANICS;

ANALYTIC METHOD; ANKLE; ARTICLE; BIOMECHANICS; BODY POSTURE; FUNCTIONAL ANATOMY; JOINT FUNCTION; MOTOR CONTROL; MUSCLE CONTRACTION; NONHUMAN; SENSOR; TORQUE;

EID: 2442731098     PISSN: 10658483     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1123/jab.15.2.106     Document Type: Article

References (18)

1. Abraham, L.D., & Loeb, G.E. (1985). The distal musculature of the cat: Patterns of normal use. Experimental Brain Research, 58, 580-593.
2. Allinger, T.L., & Engsberg, J.R. (1993). A method to determine the range of motion of the ankle joint complex, in vivo. Journal of Biomechanics, 26, 69-76.
3. Grill, W.M., Jr., & Mortimer, J.T. (1996). Quantification of recruitment properties of multiple contact cuff electrodes. IEEE Transactions on Rehabilitative Engineering, 4(2), 49-62.
4. Hoy, M.G., & Zernicke, R.F. (1986). The role of intersegmental dynamics during rapid limb oscillations. Journal of Biomechanics, 19, 867-877.
5. Hoy, M.G., Zernicke, R.F., & Smith, J.L. (1985). Contrasting roles of inertial and muscle moments at knee and ankle during paw-shake response. Journal of Neurophysiology, 54, 1282-1294.
6. Lan, N., & Crago, P.E. (1992). A non-invasive technique for in vivo measurement of joint torques of biarticular muscles. Journal of Biomechanics, 25, 1075-1079.
7. Lawrence, J.H. III (1994). The three-dimensional mechanics of the cat ankle joint. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Emory University, Atlanta, GA.
8. Lawrence, J.H. III, & Nichols, T.R. (1993). The effect of the ankle joint angle on the ankle torque profile in the cat. The Physiologist, 36, 14-19.
9. Lawrence, J.H. III, Nichols, T.R., & English, A.W. (1993). Cat hind limb muscles exert substantial torques outside the sagittal plane. Journal of Neurophysiology, 69, 282-285.
10. Macpherson, J.M. (1998). Strategies that simplify the control of quadrupedal stance. I. Forces at the ground. Journal of Neurophysiology, 60, 204-217.
11. Nichols, T.R. (1989). The organization of heterogenic reflexes among muscles crossing the ankle joint in the decerebrate cat. Journal of Physiology, 410, 463-477.
12. Nichols, T.R., Lawrence, J.H. III, & Bonasera, S.J (1993). Control of torque direction by spinal pathways at the cat ankle joint. Experimental Brain Research, 97, 366-371.
13. Parsons (1894).
14. Proctor, P., & Paul, J.P. (1982). Ankle joint biomechanics. Journal of Biomechanics, 15, 627-634.
15. Rushmer, D.L., Russell, C.J., Macpherson, J., Phillips, J.O., & Dunbar, D.C. (1983). Automatic postural responses in the cat: Responses to headward and tailward translation. Experimental Brain Research, 50, 45-61.
16. Sale, D., Quinlan, J., Marsh, E., Macomas, A.J., & Belanger, A.Y. (1982). Influence of joint position on ankle plantarflexion in humans. Journal of Applied Physiology: Respiratory Environmental Exercise Physiology, 52, 1636-1642.
17. Siegler, S., Moskowitz, G.D., & Freedman, W. (1984). Passive and active components of the internal moment developed about the ankle joint during human ambulation. Journal of Biomechanics, 17, 647-652.
18. Young, R.P., Scott, S.H., & Loeb, G.E. (1992). An intrinsic mechanism to stabilize posture-joint-angle dependent moment arms of the feline ankle muscles. Neuroscience Letters, 145, 137-140.