AANA Journal Course: Update for nurse anesthetists. 1 - The Starting resistor: A model for explaining and treating obstructive sleep apnea

AANA Journal

Volumn 72, Issue 2, 2004, Pages 133-138

  Stalford, Catherine B ^a,b  

^a St Mary's Hospital Richmond   (United States)

^b VIRGINIA COMMONWEALTH UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Airway; Anesthesia complications; Obstructive sleep apnea; Starting resistor

Indexed keywords

ANESTHETIC AGENT;

AIRWAY; ANESTHESIA; BREATHING MECHANICS; BREATHING MUSCLE; BREATHING REFLEX; HUMAN; LUNG COMPLICATION; MORBIDITY; OROPHARYNX; POSITIVE END EXPIRATORY PRESSURE; POSTOPERATIVE COMPLICATION; PRESSURE; REVIEW; RISK; SLEEP APNEA SYNDROME; THEORETICAL MODEL; AIRWAY RESISTANCE; BIOLOGICAL MODEL; EDUCATION; INCIDENCE; METHODOLOGY; NURSE ANESTHETIST; NURSING; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; PERIOPERATIVE PERIOD; POLYSOMNOGRAPHY; RISK FACTOR; SUPINE POSITION;

AIRWAY RESISTANCE; ANESTHESIA; ANESTHETICS; CONTINUOUS POSITIVE AIRWAY PRESSURE; HUMANS; INCIDENCE; MODELS, BIOLOGICAL; NURSE ANESTHETISTS; OROPHARYNX; PERIOPERATIVE CARE; POLYSOMNOGRAPHY; RESPIRATORY MECHANICS; RESPIRATORY MUSCLES; RISK FACTORS; SLEEP APNEA, OBSTRUCTIVE; SUPINE POSITION;

EID: 2442658286     PISSN: 00946354     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Review

References (42)

1. Kryger MH. Sleep apnea: from the needles of Dionysius to continuous positive airway pressure. Arch Intern Med. 1983;143:2301-2303.
2. Young T, Palta M, Dempsey J, Skatrud J, Weber S, Badr S. The occurrence of sleep-disordered breathing among middle-aged adults. N Engl J Med. 1993;328:1230-1235.
3. Bresnitz EA, Goldberg R, Kosinski RM. Epidemiology of obstructive sleep apnea. Epidemiol Rev. 1994;16:210-227.
4. Tishler PV, Larkin EK, Schluchter MD, Redline S. Incidence of sleep-disordered breathing in an urban adult population. JAMA. 2003;289:2230-2237.
5. Keamy MF, Cadieux RJ, Kofke WA, Kales A. The occurrence of obstructive sleep apnea in a recovery room patient. Anesthesiology. 1987;66:232-234.
6. VanDercar DH, Martinez AP, Lisser EA. Sleep apnea syndromes: a potential contraindication for patient-controlled analgesia. Anesthesiology. 1991;74:623-624.
7. Rennotte MT, Baele P, Aubert G, Rodenstein DO. Nasal continuous positive airway pressure in the perioperative management of patients with obstructive sleep apnea submitted to surgery. Chest. 1995;107:367-374.
8. Ostermeier AM, Roizen MF, Hautkappe M, Klock PA, Klafta JM. Three sudden postoperative respiratory arrests associated with epidural opioids in patients with sleep apnea. Anesth Analg. 1997;85:452-460.
9. Gupta RM, Parvizi J, Hanssen AD, Gay P. Postoperative complications in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome undergoing hip or knee replacement: a case-control study. Mayo Clin Proc. 2001;76:897-905.
10. Ayappa I, Rapoport DM. The upper airway in sleep: physiology of the pharynx. Sleep Med Rev. 2003;7:9-33.
11. Eastwood PR, Szollosi I, Platt PR, Hillman DR. Collapsibility of the upper airway during anesthesia with isoflurane. Anesthesiology. 2002;97:786-793.
12. Suehiro K, Shimizu J, Yi GH, et al. Direct coronary artery perfusion from the left ventricle. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2001;121:307-315.
13. Pranevicius M, Pranevicius O. Cerebral venous steal: blood flow diversion with increased tissue pressure. Neurosurgery. 2002;51:1267-1274.
14. Rocco AG, Philip JH, Boas RA, Scott D. Epidural space as a Starling resistor and elevation of inflow resistance in a diseased epidural space. Reg Anesth. 1997;22:167-177.
15. Fogel RB, Malhotra A, Shea SA, Edwards JK, White DP. Reduced genioglossal activity with upper airway anesthesia in awake patients with OSA. J Appl Physiol. 2000;88:1346-1354.
16. Strollo PJ, Rogers RM. Obstructive sleep apnea. N Engl J Med. 1996;334:99-104.
17. Wiegand L, Zwillich CW, White DP. Collapsibility of the human airway during normal sleep. J Appl Physiol. 1989;66:1800-1808.
18. Knill RL, Moote CA, Skinner MI, Rose EA. Anesthesia with abdominal surgery leads to intensive REM sleep during the first postoperative week. Anesthesiology. 1990;73:52-61.
19. Hoffstein V, Mateika S. Differences in abdominal and neck circumferences in patients with and without obstructive sleep apnoea. Eur Respir J. 1992;5:377-381.
20. Koenig JS, Thach BT. Effects of mass loading on the upper airway. J Appl Physiol. 1988;64:2294-2299.
21. Woodson BT, Garancis JC, Toohill RJ. Histopathologic changes in snoring and OSA syndrome. Laryngoscope. 1991;101:1318-1322.
22. Bowes G, Townsend ER, Bromley SM, Kozar LF, Phillipson EA. Role of carotid body and of afferent vagal stimuli in the arousal response to airway occlusion in sleeping dogs. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1981;123:644-647.
23. Berthon-Jones M, Sullivan CE. Ventilation and arousal responses in normal sleeping humans. J Appl Physiol. 1984;54:59-67.
24. Kimoff RF, Cheong TH, Olha AE, et al. Mechanisms of apnea termination in obstructive sleep apnea: role of chemoceptor and mechanoceptor stimuli. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1994;149:707-714.
25. Issa FG, McNamara SG, Sullivan CE. Arousal responses to airway occlusion in sleeping dogs: comparison of nasal and tracheal occlusions. J Appl Physiol. 1987;62:1832-1836.
26. Guilleminault C, Connolly SJ, Winkle RA. Cardiac arrhythmia and conduction disturbances during sleep in 400 patients with sleep apnea syndrome. Am J Cardiol. 1983;52:490-494.
27. Palomaki H, Partinen M, Juvela S, Kaste M. Snoring as a risk factor of sleep-related brain infarction. Stroke. 1989;20:1311-1315.
28. Smoller JW, Pollack MH, Otto MW, Rosenbaum JF, Kradin RL. Panic anxiety, dyspnea, and respiratory disease: theoretical and clinical considerations. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1996;154:6-17.
29. National Institutes of Health. Sleep Apnea: Is Your Patient at Risk? Bethesda, Md: National Institutes of Health; 1995. NIH publication 95-3803.
30. Mathru M, Esch O, Lang J, et al. Magnetic resonance imaging of the upper airway: effects of propofol anesthesia and nasal continuous positive airway pressure in humans. Anesthesiology. 1996;84:273-279.
31. Drummond GB. Influence of thiopentone on upper airway muscles. Br J Anaesth. 1989;63:12-21.
32. Robinson RW, Zwillich CW, Bixler EO, Cadieux RJ, Kales A, White DP. Effects of oral narcotics on sleep-disordered breathing in healthy adults. Chest. 1987;91:197-203.
33. Litman DO, Hayes JL, Basco MG, et al. Use of dynamic negative airway pressure to assess sedative-induced upper airway obstruction. Anesthesiology. 2002;96:342-345.
34. Beydon L, Lafaso F, Heyer L, Delaunay L, Goldenberg F. Nitrous oxide induces central and obstructive apnoeas in normal subjects [abstract]. Br J Anaesth. 1994;72(suppl 1):A113.
35. Nandi PR, Charlesworth CH, Taylor SJ, Nunn JF, Dore CJ. Effect of general anaesthesia on the pharynx. Br J Anaesth. 1991;66:157-162.
36. Knill RL, Reeder MK, Goldman MD, et al. Late postoperative nocturnal dips in oxygen saturation in patients undergoing major abdominal vascular surgery: predictive value of pre-operative overnight pulse oximetry. Anaesthesia. 1992;47:110-115.
37. Phillipson EA, Sullivan CE. Arousal: the forgotten response to respiratory stimuli. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1978;118:807-809.
38. Lofsky A. Sleep apnea and narcotic postoperative pain medication: a morbidity and mortality risk. Anesthesia Patient Safety Foundation Newsletter. Summer 2002;17:24-25.
39. Benumof JL. Creation of observational unit may decrease sleep apnea risk. Anesthesia Patient Safety Foundation Newsletter. Fall 2002;17:39.
40. Benumof JL. Obstructive sleep apnea in the adult obese patient: implications for airway management. J Clin Anesth. 2001;13:144-156.
41. Connolly LA. Anesthetic management of obstructive sleep apnea patients. J Clin Anesth. 1991;3:461-469.
42. Moyers G. Use of the Cook airway exchange catheter in "bridging" the potential difficult extubation: a case report. AANA J. 2002;70:275-278.