Effects of light and substrate on planted conifer seedlings in coastal British Columbia

Northwest Science

Volumn 78, Issue 2, 2004, Pages 101-110

  Chen, Han Y H ^a   Kayahara, Gordon J ^b   Klinka, Karel ^c  

^a LAKEHEAD UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

^b ONTARIO MINISTRY OF NATURAL RESOURCES   (Canada)

^c UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

GROWTH; LIGHT; LIMITING FACTOR; SEEDLING ESTABLISHMENT; SILVICULTURE; SUBSTRATE; SURVIVAL;

BRITISH COLUMBIA; CANADA; NORTH AMERICA;

ABIES; ABIES AMABILIS; CONIFEROPHYTA; CONIUM; CONIUM MACULATUM; PSEUDOTSUGA; PSEUDOTSUGA MENZIESII; TSUGA HETEROPHYLLA;

EID: 2442558134     PISSN: 0029344X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (35)

1. Bernsten, C. M. 1960. Planting Sitka spruce and Douglas-fir on decayed wood in coastal Oregon. USDA Forest Service Research Note 197. Pacific Northwest Forest Range Experiment Station, Portland, Oregon
2. Busse, M. D. 1994. Downed bole-wood decomposition in lodgepole pine forests of central Oregon. Soil Science Society of America Journal 58:221-227.
3. Canham, C. D., A. R. Berkowitz, V. R. Kelly, G. M. Lovett, S. V. Ollinger, and J. Schnurr. 1996. Biomass allocation and multiple resource limitation in tree seedlings. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 26:1521-1530.
4. Carter, M. R. 1993. Soil Sampling and Methods of Analysis. Canadian Society of Soil Science. Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton, Florida.
5. Christy, E. J., and R. N. Mack. 1984. Variation in demography of juvenile Tsuga heterophylla across the substratum mosaic. Journal of Ecology 72:75-91.
6. Christy, E. J., P. Sollins, and J. M. Trappe. 1982. First-year survival of Tsuga heterophylla without mycorrhiza and subsequent ectomycorrizal development on decaying logs and mineral soil. Canadian Journal of Botany 60:1601-1605.
7. Crawford, P. G., and C. D. Oliver. 1990. Pacific silver fir. Pages 17-25 In R. M. Burns and B. H. Honkala (technical co-ordinators), Silvics of North America. USDA Forest Service Agriculture Handbook 654. Washington, D.C.
8. Green, R. N., and K. Klinka. 1994. A field guide to site identification and interpretation for the Vancouver Forest Region. British Columbia Ministry of Forests Land Management Handbook No. 28. Research Branch, Victoria, British Columbia.
9. Green, R. N., R. L. Trowbridge, and K. Klinka. 1993. Towards a taxonomic classification of humus forms. Forest Science Monographs 29.
10. Harmon, M. E., and J. F. Franklin. 1989. Tree seedlings on logs in Picea-Tsuga forests of Oregon and Washington. Ecology 70:48-59.
11. Harmon, M. E., J. F. Franklin, F. J. Swanson, P. Sollins, S. V. Gregory, J. D. Lattin, N. H. Anderson, S. P. Cline, N. G. Aumen, J. R. Sedell, G. W. Lienkaemper, K. Cromack, Jr., and K. W. Cummins. 1986. Ecology of coarse woody debris in temperate ecosystems. Advanced Ecological Research 15:133-302.
12. Hart, S. C. 1999. Nitrogen transformations in fallen boles and mineral soil of an old-growth forest. Ecology 80:1385-1394.
13. Harvey, A. E., M. F. Jurgensen, M. J. Larsen, and R. T. Graham. 1987. Relationship among soil microsite, ectomycorrhizae, and natural conifer regeneration of old-growth forests in western Montana. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 17:58-62.
14. Heilman, P. E. 1990. Forest management challenged in the Pacific Northwest. Journal of Forestry 88:16-23.
15. Hermann, R. K., and D. P. Lavender. 1990. Douglas-fir. Pages 527-540 In R. M. Burns and B. H. Honkala (technical co-ordinators), Silvics of North America. USDA Forest Service Agriculture Handbook 654. Washington, D.C.
16. Hicks, C. R. 1993. Fundamental Concepts in the Design of Experiments. 4th edition. Saunders, New York.
17. Hope, S. M., and C. -Y. Li. 1997. Respiration, nitrogen fixation, and mineralizable nitrogen spatial and temporal patterns within two Oregon Douglas-fir stands. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 72:501-509.
18. Jurgensen, M. F., A. E. Harvey, R. T. Graham, M. J. Larsen, J. R. Tonn, and D. S. Page-Dumroese. 1990. Sustaining site productivity in North American forests: problems and prospects. Pages 392-415 In S. P. Gessel, D. S. Lacate, G. F. Weetman, and R. F. Powers (editors), Sustained Productivity of Forest Soils. Proceedings of the 7th North American Soils Conference, University of British Columbia, Faculty of Forestry Publication, Vancouver, British Columbia.
19. Krankina, O. M., M. E. Harmon, and A. V. Griazkin. 1999. Nutrient stores and dynamics of woody detritus in a boreal forest: modelling potential implications at the stand level. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 29:20-32.
20. Kropp, B. R. 1982. Formation of mycorrhizae on non-mycorrhizal western hemlock outplanted on rotten wood and mineral soil. Forest Science 28:706-710.
21. Laiho, R., and C. E. Prescott. 1999. The contribution of coarse woody debris to carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus cycles in three Rocky Mountain coniferous forests. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 29:1592-1603.
22. Maser, C., R. F. Tarrant, J. M. Trappe, and J. F. Franklin. 1988. From the forest to the sea: a story of fallen trees. USDA Forest Service General Technical Report PNW-GTR-229. Pacific Northwest Forest Experiment and Range Station, Portland, Oregon.
23. Maser, C., and J. M. Trappe (editors). 1984. The seen and unseen world of the fallen tree. USDA Forest Service General Technical Report PNW-164. Pacific Northwest Forest and Range Experiment Station, Portland, Oregon.
24. Minore, D. 1972. Germination and early growth of coastal tree species on organic seed beds. USDA Forest Service Research Paper PNW-135. Pacific Northwest Forest Range Experiment Station, Portland, Oregon.
25. Neter, J., M. H. Kutner, C. J. Nachtsheim, and W. Wasserman. 1996. Applied Linear Statistical Models. 4th edition. Richard D. Irwin, Inc., Chicago, Illinois.
26. Powers, R. F. 1980. Mineralizable soil nitrogen as an index of nitrogen availability to forest trees. Soil Science Society of America Journal 44:1314-1320.
27. Price, W. J. 1978. Analytic Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry. Heydon and Son Ltd. London, United Kingdom.
28. Reed, K. L., J. S. Shumway, R. B. Walker, and C. S. Bledsoe. 1983. Evaluation of the interaction of two environmental factors affecting Douglas-fir seedling growth: light and nitrogen. Forest Science 29:193-203.
29. Soil Classification Working Group. 1998. The Canadian system of soil classification. Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada. Publication 1646 (Revised). Ottawa, Ontario.
30. Taylor, R. F. 1935. Available nitrogen as a factor influencing the occurrence of Sitka spruce and western hemlock seedlings in the forests of southeastern Alaska. Ecology 16:580-602.
31. Thomas, R. B., and B. R. Strain. 1991. Root restriction as a factor in photosynthetic acclimation of cotton seedlings growth in elevated carbon dioxide. Plant Physiology 96:627-634.
32. Trewartha, G. T., and L. H. Horn. 1980. An Introduction to Climate. 5th edition. McGraw-Hill, New York.
33. Waggoner, P. E., A. B. Peck, and W. E. Reifsnyder. 1959. The climate of shade. A tobacco tent and a forest stand compared to open fields. Bulletin 626. Connecticut Agriculture Experiment Station, New Haven, Connecticut.
34. Walters, M. B., and P. B. Reich. 1996. Are shade tolerance, survival, and growth linked? Low light and nitrogen effects on hardwood seedlings. Ecology 77:841-853.
35. Will, R. E., and R. O. Teskey. 1997. Effect of elevated carbon dioxide concentration and root restriction on net photosynthesis, water relations and foliar carbohydrate status of loblolly pine seedlings. Tree Physiology 17:655-661.