Spirit of stone: Technical considerations in the treatment of the Jade Body

Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies

Volumn 65, Issue 1, 2002, Pages 99-128

  Lo, Vivienne ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 2442479253     PISSN: 0041977X     EISSN: 14740699     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1017/s0041977x02000058     Document Type: Article

References (65)

1. See Donald Harper, Early Chinese medical literature, 76-95
2. See Nathan Sivin, Traditional medicine in contemporary China (Ann Arbor: Center for Chinese Studies, The University of Michigan, 1987), 34, 122 n.11
3. and Paul Unschuld, Medicine in China: a history of ideas (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1985), 75, 81-3
4. 'Maishu shiwen', 74
5. On the dating of the Zhangjiashan tomb in Hubei and the identity of its occupant, see Zhangjiashan Hanmu zhujian zhengli xiaozu, 'Jiangling Zhangjiashan Hanjian gaishu', Wenwu 1985, 1, 9-15
6. 'Maishu shiwen', 74
7. Collected in Morohashi, vol. 7, 803
8. Mawangdui Hanmu boshu, vol. 4, 147
9. These are described in Donald Harper, 'The bellows technique in Laozi V and Warring States macrobiotic hygiene', Early China 21, 1995
10. Jing may refer to the finest qi, to reproductive essences, often manifest as semen
11. See Harper, Early Chinese medical literature, 4 regarding the wooden tablet in Mawangdui tomb no. 3 that records the burial date. Mawangdui Hanmu bosuu, vol. 4, 131-41
12. See the discussion in Angus Graham, Disputers of the Tao: philosophical argument in ancient China. (La Salle, IL: Open Court, 1999), 340-56
13. Shiji 105, 2798. References to (Beijing: Zhonghua shuju, 1962)
14. See Li Ling, ' Shiti fang gu, yejine he liandan' in Wenwu tiandi 1992, 4, 17-18
15. See also Wang Yucheng, 'Dong Han daofu shili' in Kaogu xuebao 1991, 1, 54
16. and Yamada Keiji, The origins of acupuncture, moxibustion and decoction (Kyoto: International Research Centre for Japanese Studies, 1998)
17. Bronze and bone arrowheads and needles are commonly found in Shang burial sites. Needham's note: Cf. NCNA Chinese Bulletin, 29 June 1961
18. Zuo Zhuan, Chenggong 10
19. See Zuoshi chunqiu shizhu (Jilin: Jilin wenshi chubanshe, 1995), 426
20. See also the discussion in Yamada Keiji, The origins of acupuncture, 4-5
21. Shi Shuqing , 'Gudai keji shiwu sikao', in Wenmu 1962.3, 47-48
22. See Ma Jixing and Zhou Shirong, 'Kaogu fajuezhong suojian bianshi de chubu tansuo'. Ma Jixing, 'Taixicun Shangmuzhong chutu de yiliao qiju bianlian', Wenwu, 1979, 6, 54-7
23. See also Ye Youxin 'Shishi Dong Han huaxiangshi shang kehua de yizhen', 60-68
24. and Shangdong zhongyi xueyuan xuebao 10, 1986, 1, 48-55 and 1986, 4, 55-61
25. Ma Jixing's arguments are set out in two papers. See Ma Jixing, ' Gaocheng Taixi shisihao mu bianlian kao' in Hebeisheng Wenwu yanjiusuo, Gaocheng Taixi Shangdai yizhi, (Beijing: Wenwu, 1985), 199-203
26. and Ma Jixing, 'Taixicun Shangmuzhong chutu de yiliao qiju bianlian', Wenwu 1979, 6, 54-7
27. Ma Jixing, 'Taixicun Shangmuzhong chutu de yiliao qiju bianlian', 6, 55
28. The Northern Song work Taiping shenghui fang records the use of a pidao to lian 'sickle' bad blood in cases of infant erysipelas
29. tr. Harper, Early Chinese medical literature, 267
30. Just like the wandering government advisers we meet in the Warring States philosophic literature Chunyu Yi roamed from one court to another seeking patronage. His travels took him through the commanderies of Qi, Jibei and Zichuan , an area that is roughly equivalent to modern Shandong. I am grateful to Elisabeth Hsu for her unpublished map of the travels of Chunyu Yi
31. Xie Zhaozhe, fl. Wanli period (1573-1619). Wu zazu 'Five miscellanies', Reprinted in Guoxue zhenben wenku series, 1935, 220
32. Paul Unschuld, Medicine in China, 95
33. Yamada, The origins of acupuncture
34. Opinions about the date and authorship of Zhouli have varied widely from the Duke of Zhou to Liu Xin (-46-+23). See William G. Boltz, 'Chou li', in Loewe, Early Chinese texts, 25-9
35. Zhuangzi juan 9, pian 29. SBBY, vol. 176, fasc. 4, 21b. Mengzi juan 7. 9. SBBY, vol. 8, fasc. 3, 8
36. Mauangdui Hanmu boshu, Vol. 4, 17
37. I have discussed this thesis in detail in Vivienne Lo, 'Tracking the pain'
38. Xue Yao, 'Jiangxi chutu de jijian qingtongqi', Kaogu, 1963.8, 416-18
39. Ma Jixing and Zhou Shirong ' Kaogu fajuezhong suojian bianshi de chubu tansuo'
40. tr. Harper, Early Chinese medical literature, 276
41. See the translations in ibid., 229, 231-2 and 235-6
42. See Zhou Shirong, 'Hunan Shimen xian Zaoshi faxian Shangyin yizhi', Kaogu, 1962.3, 145
43. Ma Jixing and Zhou Shirong, ' Kaogu fajuezhong suojian bianshi de chubu tansuo', 53 n. 17. The authors saw this stone personally at the Hunan Provincial Museum
44. Maivangdui Hanmu boshu, Vol. 4, 164
45. I have argued this at length in my doctoral thesis. See Vivienne Lo, ' The influence of yangsheng culture on early Chinese medical theory'
46. Lingshiu juan 1, pian 1 'Jiuzhen shier juan', SBBY, vol.205, fasc. 1, 1-4
47. Zhenjiu dacheng 4. Yang Jizhou, (Tianjin: Tianjin kexue jishu 1992], 144-5
48. Vivienne Lo, 'Crossing the inner pass: a nei/wai distinction in Early Chinese medicine', EASTM 17, 2000, 15-65
49. The two terms guan and jie are eventually elided into the single term guanjie 'the joints'
50. Huainanzi jiaoshi, 2044
51. Donald Wagner discusses the development of wrought iron and steel working in Han times in Iron and steel in ancient China (Leiden, Boston and Cologne: E. J. Brill, 1993), 267-88
52. Vivi Sylwan, 'Investigation of silk from Edsen-gol and Lop-nor', Reports from the Scientific Expedition to the north-western provinces of China under the leadership of Dr Sven Hedin, Stockholm, 1949, 85
53. Hunansheng bowuguan, Changsha Mawangdui yihao haninii 1 (Beijing: Zhongguo kexueyuan kaogu yanjiusuo, 1973)
54. Zhang Yanchane and Zhu Jianpine (ed.) Wuwei Handai yijian yanjiu. (Beijing: Yuanzineng chubanshe, 1996), 21-23
55. See the discussion in Zhane Yanchang and Zhu Jianping (ed.), Wuwei Handai yijian yanjiu, 86-90
56. See He Zhiiiuo, 'Woguo zuizao de renti jinemail qidiao' Zhongguo Wenwubao 1994, 15 (April 17)T 4 for the first description of the discovery of the figuríne
57. A detailed discussion of the figurine can be found in He Zhiguo, 'Xi Han renti jingmai qidiao kao', Daziran tansuo 1995, 3, 116-20
58. Shiji, 105, 2792
59. Zhenjiu jiayijing 3 (Beijing: Renmin weisheng, 1979), 331
60. See also Zhenjiu dacheng 7 (Tianjin: Tianjin kexue jishu, 1992), 367
61. See also Lu and Needham, Celestial Lancets, 80-81
62. I have discussed the figurine in Zhiguo and.Lo, 'The channels'. It should be noted that other reproductions of the stone relief do not show the number of needles so clearly
63. Shiji, 105, 2804
64. Zhenjiu jiayijing 3, 407, 404, 390 and 336
65. Guanzi (Taibei: Shangwu), vol. 2, 92