The allometry and scaling of the size of vertebrate eyes

Vision Research

Volumn 44, Issue 17, 2004, Pages 2043-2065

  Howland, Howard C ^a   Merola, Stacey ^a   Basarab, Jennifer R ^a  

^a Department of Obstetrics Gynecology   (United States)

Author keywords

Allometry; Axial length; Eye; Ocular size; Vertebrate

Indexed keywords

ALLOMETRY; ANIMAL TISSUE; ARTICLE; BIRD; BODY WEIGHT; CONTROLLED STUDY; EYE; EYE AXIS LENGTH; FISH; MAMMAL; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REPTILE; SCALE UP; STATISTICAL ANALYSIS; STATISTICAL MODEL; VERTEBRATE;

ANIMALS; ANTHROPOMETRY; BIRDS; BODY WEIGHT; EYE; FISHES; MAMMALS; PRIMATES; REPTILES; RODENTIA; VERTEBRATES;

EID: 2442419863     PISSN: 00426989     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.visres.2004.03.023     Document Type: Article

References (48)

1. Allyn R. A dictionary of fishes. 1947;Great Outdoors Publishers, St. Petersburg, FL
2. Altman P.L., Dittmer D.S. Growth: Including reproduction and morphological development. 1962;Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology, Washington, DC
3. American Kennel Club The complete dog book. 1938;Halcyon House, New York
4. Andersen S.R., Munk O. An extract of Detmar Wilhelm Soemmerring's thesis: A comment on the horizontal section of eyes in man and animals. 1971;Murksgaard, Copenhagen
5. Bellairs A.D.A. The life of reptiles. Vol. II:1970;Universe Books, New York
6. Carlander K.D. Handbook of freshwater fishery biology. 1969;Iowa State University Press, Ames, IA
7. Christie I. Birds: A guide to a mixed collection. 1985;Howell Book House, New York
8. Duke-Elder S. System of ophthalmology. 1963;The C.V. Mosby Company, St. Louis, MO
9. Gay C.W. The principles and practices of judging livestock. 1914;The Macmillan Company, New York
10. Grzimek B. Grzimek's animal life encyclopedia. Vol. 6:1975;Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York
11. Grzimek B. Grzimek's encyclopedia of mammals. Vols. 1-5:1990;McGraw-Hill, New York
12. Hall M.I. Another look at Leukart's Law. American zoologist. 40(6):2000;1041
13. Halliday T.R., Adler K. The encyclopedia of reptiles and amphibians. 1986;Facts on File, New York
14. Howland H.C., Masci J. The phylogenetic allometry of the semicircular canals of small fishes. Zeitschrift fur Morphologie der Tiere. 75:1973;283-296
15. Howland H.C., Sivak J.G. Penguin vision in air and water. Vision Research. 24:1984;1905-1909
16. Hueter R.E. Adaptations for spatial vision in sharks. Journal of Experimental Zoology. 5(Suppl.):1991;130-141
17. Hughes A. The topography of vision in mammals of contrasting life style: Comparative optics and retinal organisation. Crescitelli F. Handbook of sensory physiology, VII/5: The visual system in vertebrates. 1977;613-656 Springer-Verlag, Berlin
18. Hughes A. A useful table of reduced schematic eyes. Vision Research. 19:1979;1273-1275
19. Hutchinson W. Hutchinson's dog encyclopedia. 1935;Hutchinson & Co, London
20. Kroger R.H.H., Fernald R.D. Regulation of eye growth in the African cichlid fish Haplochromis burtoni. Vision Research. 34:1994;1807-1814
21. Lord R.D. Jr. A comparative study of the eyes of some Falconiform and Passeriform birds. The American Midland Naturalist. 56:1956;325-344
22. Martin G.R., Brooke M.deL. The eye of a procellariiform seabird, the manx shearwater, Puffinus puffinus: Visual fields and optical structure. Brain, Behavior and Evolution. 37:1991;65-78
23. Mathis U., Schaeffel F., Howland H.C. Visual optics in toads (Bufo americanus). Journal of Comparative Physiology. 163:1988;201-213
24. Mayne, R. (1965). The "match" of the semicircular canals to the dynamic requirements of various species. In Proceedings of the symposium on the role of the vestibular organs in the exploration of space (NASA) (pp. 57-67)
25. Murphy C.J., Bellhorn R.W., Willimas T., Burns M.S., Schaeffel F., Howland H.C. Refractive state, ocular anatomy, accommodative range of the sea otter (Enhydra lutris). Vision Research. 30:1990;23-32
26. Murphy C.J., Evans H.E., Howland H.C. Towards a schematic eye for the great horned owl. Dunker H., Fleischer G. Functional morphology in vertebrates. 1985;703-706 Gustav Fischer Verlag, New York
27. Murphy C.J., Howland H.C. The optics of comparative ophthalmology. Vision Research. 27:1987;599-607
28. Nellis D.W., Sivak J.G., McFarland W.N., Howland H.C. Characteristics of the eye of the Indian mongoose (Herpestes auropunctuatus). Canadian Journal of Zoology. 67:1989;2814-2820
29. Nelson J.S. Fishes of the world. 1984;John Wiley & Sons, New York
30. Neuweiler G. Bau und Leistung des Flughundauges (Pteropus giganteus gig. Brunn.). Zeitschrift fur vergleichende Physiologie. 46:1962;13-56
31. Northmore D.P.M., Granda A.M. Ocular dimensions and schematic eyes of freshwater and sea turtles. Visual Neuroscience. 7:1991;627-635
32. Norton T.T., McBrien N.A. Normal development of refractive state and ocular component dimensions in the tree shrew (Tupaia belangeri). Vision Research. 32:1992;833-842
33. Patten J.W. The light horse breeds: their origin, characteristics, and principal uses. 1960;A.S. Barnes, New York
34. Perrins C.M. The illustrated encyclopedia of birds. 1990;Prentice Hall Editions, New York
35. Perrins C.M., Middleton A.L.A. The encyclopedia of birds. 1985;Facts on File, New York
36. Pettigrew J.D., Dreher B., Hopkins C.S., McCall M.J., Brown M. Peak density and distribution of ganglion cells in the retinae of microchiropteran bats: implications for visual acuity. Brain, Behavior and Evolution. 32:1988;39-56
37. Ritland, S. (1982). The Allometry of the Vertebrate Eye. Diss. University of Chicago. Ann Arbor: UMI. T28274
38. Rochon-DuVigneaud A. Les yeux et la vision des vertebrates. 1943;Libraires de L'Academie de Medecine, Paris
39. Rouse J.E. World cattle. 1973;University of Oklahoma Press, Norman, OK
40. Schmidt-Nielsen K. Scaling: why is animal size so important? 1984;Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK
41. Sivak J.G., Howland H.C. Refractive state of the brown kiwi (Apteryx australis). Canadian Journal of Zoology. 65:1987;2833-2835
42. Sivak J.G., Howland H.C., McGill-Harelstad P. Vision of the Humboldt penguin (Spheniscus humboldti) in air and water. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B. 229:1987;467-472
43. Sivak J.G., Howland H.C., West J., Weerheim J. The eye of the hooded seal, Crystophora cristata, in air and water. Journal of Comparative Physiology. 165:1989;771-777
44. Terres J.K. The Audubon Society encyclopedia of North American birds. 1980;Alfred A. Knopf, New York
45. Troilo D., Judge S.J. Ocular development and visual deprivation myopia in the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus). Vision Research. 33:1993;1311-1324
46. Walls G.L. The vertebrate eye and its adaptive radiation. (Facsimile of 1942 Edition):1967;Hafner Publishing Co, New York
47. Wheeler A. The world encyclopedia of fishes. 1985;Macdonald and Co, London
48. Whitaker J.O. Audubon Society field guide to North American mammals. 1980;Alfred A. Knopf, New York