Cultural differences in affective forecasting: The role of focalism

Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin

Volumn 31, Issue 9, 2005, Pages 1296-1309

  Lam, Kent G H ^a   Buehler, Roger ^a   McFarland, Cathy ^b   Ross, Michael ^c   Cheung, Irene ^c  

^a WILFRID LAURIER UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

^b SIMON FRASER UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

^c UNIVERSITY OF WATERLOO   (Canada)

Author keywords

Affective forecasting; Culture; Focalism; Holistic thought; Impact bias

Indexed keywords

AFFECT; ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE; ARTICLE; ASIAN; CANADA; CAUCASIAN; CLINICAL TRIAL; COMPARATIVE STUDY; CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED STUDY; CULTURAL FACTOR; ETHNOLOGY; FAR EAST; FEMALE; FORECASTING; HAPPINESS; HUMAN; MALE; PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECT; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; REGRESSION ANALYSIS; SELF EVALUATION; SEX DIFFERENCE; THINKING;

AFFECT; ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE; ASIAN CONTINENTAL ANCESTRY GROUP; CANADA; CROSS-CULTURAL COMPARISON; EUROPEAN CONTINENTAL ANCESTRY GROUP; FAR EAST; FEMALE; FORECASTING; HAPPINESS; HUMANS; MALE; REGRESSION ANALYSIS; SELF ASSESSMENT (PSYCHOLOGY); SEX FACTORS; THINKING;

EID: 24344503833     PISSN: 01461672     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/0146167205274691     Document Type: Article

References (24)

1. Baron, R. M., & Kenny, D. A. (1986). The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51, 1173-1182.
2. Brislin, R. W. (1970). Back-translation for cross-cultural research. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 1, 185-216.
3. Buehler, R., & McFarland, C. (2001). Intensity bias in affective forecasting: The role of temporal focus. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 27, 1480-1493.
4. Chang, E. C., Asakawa, K., & Sanna, L.J. (2001). Cultural variations in optimistic and pessimistic bias: Do Easterners really expect the worst and Westerners really expect the best when predicting future life events? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 81, 476-491.
5. Choi, I., Dalal, R., Kim-Prieto, C., & Park, H. (2003). Culture and judgment of causal relevance. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 84, 46-59.
6. Choi, I., & Nisbett, R. E. (2000). Cultural psychology of surprise: Holistic theories and recognition of contradiction. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 79, 890-905.
7. Diener, E., & Suh, E. M. (1999). National differences in subjective well-being. In D. Kahneman, E. Diener, & N. Schwarz (Eds.), Well-being: The foundations of hedonic psychology (pp. 434-450). New York: Russell Sage.
8. Gilbert, D. T., Driver-Linn, E., & Wilson T. D. (2002). The trouble with Vronsky: Impact bias in the forecasting of future affective states. InP. Salovey&L. Feldman-Barrett (Eds.), The wisdom of feeling (pp. 144-166). New York: Guildford.
9. Gilbert, D. T., Pinel, E. C., Wilson, T. D., Blumberg, S.J., & Wheatley, T. P. (1998). Immune neglect: A source of durability bias in affective forecasting. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 75, 617-638.
10. Heine, S.J., & Lehman, D. R. (1995). Cultural variation in unrealistic optimism: Does the West feel more invulnerable than the East? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 68, 595-607.
11. Heine, S.J., Lehman, D. R., Markus, H. R., & Kitayama, S. (1999). Is there a universal need for positive self-regard? Psychological Review, 106, 766-794.
12. Ji, L.-J., Nisbett, R. E., & Su, Y. (2001). Culture, change, and prediction. Psychological Science, 12, 450-456.
13. Ji, L.-J., Peng, K., & Nisbett, R. E. (2000). Culture, control, and perception of relationships in the environment. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 75, 943-955.
14. Lehman, D. R., Chiu, C. Y, & Schaller, M. (2004). Psychology and culture. Annual Review of Psychology, 55, 689-714.
15. Loewenstein, G., & Schkade, D. (1999). Wouldn't it be nice? Predicting future feelings. In D. Kahneman, E. Diener, & N. Schwarz (Eds.), Well-being: The foundations of hedonic psychology (pp. 85-105). New York: Russell Sage.
16. Masuda, T., & Nisbett, R. E. (2001). Attending holistically versus analytically: Comparing the context sensitivity of Japanese and Americans. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 81, 922-934.
17. Nisbett, R. E., Peng, K., Choi, I., & Norenzayan, A. (2001). Culture and systems of thought: Holistic versus analytic cognition. Psychological Review, 108, 291-310.
18. Oishi, S. (2002). The experiencing and remembering of well being: A cross-cultural analysis. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 28, 1398-1406.
19. Park, D. C., Nisbett, R. E., & Hedden, T. (1999). Aging, culture, and cognition. Journal of Gerontology and Psychological Sciences, 54, 75-84.
20. Schkade, D., & Kahneman, D. (1998). Does living in California make people happy? A focusing illusion in judgments of life satisfaction. Psychological Science, 9, 340-346.
21. Scollon, C., Diener, E., Oishi, S., & Biswas-Diener, R. (2004). Emotions across cultures and methods. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 35, 304-326.
22. Wilson, T. D., & Gilbert, D. T. (2003). Affective forecasting. In M. P. Zanna (Ed.), Advances in experimental social psychology (Vol. 35, pp. 345-407). New York: Academic Press.
23. Wilson, T. D., Meyers, J., & Gilbert, D. T. (2001). Lessons from the past: Do people learn from emotional reactions that are short-lived? Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 27, 1648-1661.
24. Wilson, T. D., Wheatley, T. P., Meyers, J., Gilbert, D. T., & Axsom, D. (2000). Focalism: A source of durability bias in affective forecasting. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 78, 821-836.