LNG vapor cloud exclusion zones for spills into impoundments

Process Safety Progress

Volumn 24, Issue 3, 2005, Pages 181-186

  Havens, Jerry ^a   Spicer, Tom ^a  

^a University of Arkansas   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ACCIDENT PREVENTION; COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS; COMPUTER SIMULATION; MATHEMATICAL MODELS; OIL SPILLS;

IMPOUNDMENTS; VAPOR CLOUD; VAPOR DISPERSION;

LIQUEFIED NATURAL GAS;

LIQUEFIED NATURAL GAS;

EID: 24344463475     PISSN: 10668527     EISSN: None     Source Type: Trade Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/prs.10080     Document Type: Article

References (14)

1. J.A. Havens and T.O. Spicer, Development of an atmospheric dispersion model for heavier-than-air gas mixtures, Final Report to U.S. Coast Guard, Contract DT-CG-23-80-C-20029, Volumes I-III, May 1985.
2. J.A. Havens and T.O. Spicer, LNG vapor dispersion prediction with the DEGADIS dense gas dispersion model, Gas Research Institute Report No. 89-0242, 1990.
3. S. Atallah, M. Sirdesai, and D.M. Jennings, Source1: A model for creating a DEGADIS input file, Gas Research Institute Report GRI-92/ 0534, January 1993. (Author's note: The SOURCE5 model was cited by the U.S. Federal Energy Regulatory Commission as having been used to determine vapor cloud exclusion zones in the Final Environmental Impact Statement for the proposed Weaver's Cove LNG Project in Fall River, MA, issued May 20, 2005.)
4. J.A. Havens and T.O. Spicer, Evaluation of 3-D hydrodynamic computer models for prediction of LNG vapor dispersion in the atmosphere, Series of reports (including final report) to the Gas Research Institute, GRI Contract No. 5083-252-0788, 1983-1988.
5. J.A. Havens and T.O. Spicer, Modification and extension of LNG vapor dispersion simulation methods for regulatory application, Series of reports to Gas Research Institute, GRI Contract No. 5086-252-1287, 1988-present.
6. J.A. Havens and T.O. Spicer, Feasibility assessment of a conjunctive modeling approach for LNG vapor dispersion prediction, Gas Research Institute Report, 1991.
7. J.A. Havens, T.O. Spicer, and H.L. Walker, Regulatory application of wind tunnel models and complex mathematical models for simulating atmospheric dispersion of LNG vapor, Gas Research Institute Report No. 92-0257, August 1994.
8. T.C. Brown, R.T. Cederwall, S.T. Chan, D.L. Ermak, R.P. Koopman, K.C. Lamson, J.W. McClure, and L.K. Morris, Falcon Series Data Report: 1987 LNG Vapor Barrier Verification Field Trials, GRI-89/0138, June 1990.
9. S.T. Chan, Numerical Simulations of LNG Vapor Dispersion from a Fenced Storage Area, J Hazard Mater 30 (1992), 195-224.
10. J.A. Havens, T.O. Spicer, and H.L. Walker, Evaluation of mitigation methods for accidental LNG releases: Volume 1/5 - Wind tunnel experiments and mathematical model simulations to study dispersion of a vapor cloud formed following LNG spillage into a diked area surrounding a storage tank, Topical Report for Gas Research Institute, November 1996.
11. J.A. Havens, T.O. Spicer, and H.L. Walker, Evaluation of mitigation methods for accidental LNG releases: Volume 2/5 - Wind tunnel experiments and mathematical model simulations to study heat transfer from a flat surface to a cold nitrogen cloud in a simulated atmospheric boundary layer, Topical Report for Gas Research Institute, November 1996.
12. T.O. Spicer, J.A. Havens, and H.L. Walker, Evaluation of mitigation methods for accidental LNG releases: Volume 5/5 - Using FEM3A for LNG accident consequence analysis, Topical Report for Gas Research Institute, April 1997.
13. J.A. Havens, T. Spicer, and K. Perry, New models predict consequences of LNG releases, Gas Technology Institute and US Department of Energy Gas TIPS 8 (Fall 2002).
14. J.A. Havens, T. Spicer, W. Sheppard, and K. Perry, LNG terminal siting: FEM3A vapor dispersion model development, Proc AIChE Ann Spring Meeting, Houston, TX, 2004.