Foliar colour as an indicator of foliar chlorophyll and nitrogen concentration and growth in Norway spruce seedlings

Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research

Volumn 20, Issue 4, 2005, Pages 329-336

  Heiskanen, Juha ^a  

^a FINNISH FOREST RESEARCH INSTITUTE   (Finland)

Author keywords

Fertilization; Picea abies; Root growth

Indexed keywords

CHLOROPHYLL; GREENHOUSES; NITROGEN; NUTRITION; SAND; SOILS;

FOLIAR CHLOROPHYLL; NITROGEN CONCENTRATION; NORWAY SPRUCE SEEDLINGS; ROOT GROWTH;

SEED;

CHLOROPHYLLS; FERTILIZATION; GREENHOUSES; NITROGEN; NUTRITION; PICEA ABIES; SAND; SEEDLINGS; SOIL;

PICEA ABIES;

EID: 24344461252     PISSN: 02827581     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/02827580510036256     Document Type: Article

References (26)

1. Bergquist, J. & Örlander, G. (1998). Browsing damage by roe deer on Norway spruce seedlings planted on clearcuts of different ages: 2. Effect of seedling vigour. Forest Ecology and Management, 105, 295-302.
2. Cram, W. H. (1984). Needle color and vigor of inbred progenies of Picea pungens. HortScience, 19, 125-126.
3. Harrington, J. T., Mexal, J. G. & Fisher, J. T. (1994). Volume displacement provides a quick and accurate way to quantify new root production. Tree Planters' Notes, 45, 121-124.
4. Heiskanen, J. (2005). Effect of nitrate and ammonium on growth of transplanted Norway spruce seedlings: A greenhouse study. Annales Botanici Fennici, 42, 1-9.
5. Heiskanen, J. & Rikala, R. (1998). Influence of different nursery container media on rooting of Scots pine and silver birch seedlings after transplanting. New Forests, 16, 27-42.
6. Ingestad, T. & Kähr, M. (1985). Nutrition and growth of coniferous seedlings at varied relative nitrogen addition rate. Physiologia Plantarum, 65, 109-116.
7. Lahti, M., Aphalo, P., Finér, L., Lehto, T., Leinonen, I., Mannerkoski, H. & Ryyppö, A. (2002). Soil temperature, gas exchange and nitrogen status of 5-year-old Norway spruce seedlings. Tree Physiology, 22, 1311-1316.
8. Landis, T. D. (1985). Mineral nutrition as an index of seedling quality. In M. L. Duryea (Ed.), Proceedings: Evaluating seedling quality: principles, procedures, and predictive abilities of major tests. Workshop held 16-18 October 1984 (pp. 20-48). Corvallis, OR: Forest Research Laboratory, Oregon State University.
9. Linder, S. (1980). Chlorophyll as an indicator of nitrogen status of seedlings. New Zealand Journal of Forestry Science, 10, 166-175.
10. Luukkanen, O., Räsänen, P. K. & Yli-Vakkuri, P. (1971). The use of needle colour in predicting growth and response to fertilization. Silva Fennica, 5, 297-313. (In Finnish with English summary.)
11. Munsell, A. H. (1954). A color notation. An illustrated system defining all colors and their relations by measured scales of hue value and chroma (10th ed.). Baltimore, MD: Munsell Color Co.
12. Nilsson, U. & Örlander, G. (1999). Vegetation management on grass-dominated clearcuts planted with Norway spruce in southern Sweden. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 29, 1015-1026.
13. den Ouden, P. & Boom, B. K. (1965). Manual of cultivated conifers. The Hague: Martinus Nishoff.
14. Proe, M. F. (1972). Plant nutrition. In J. R. Aldhouse & W. L. Mason (Eds.), Forest nursery practice. Forestry Commission Bulletin 111 (pp. 37-65). London: HMSO.
15. Richardson, A. D., Duigan, S. P. & Berlyn, G. P. (2002). An evaluation of noninvasive methods to estimate foliar chlorophyll content. New Phytologist, 153, 185-194.
16. Rikala, R., Heiskanen, J. & Lahti, M. (2004). Autumn fertilization in the nursery affects growth of Picea abies container seedlings after transplanting. Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research, 19, 409-414.
17. Smolander, A., Paavolainen, L. & Mälkönen, E. (2000). C and N transformations in forest soil after mounding for regeneration. Forest Ecology and Management, 134, 17-28.
18. Strand, M. (1997). Effect of mineral nutrient content on oxygen exchange and chlorophyll a fluorescence in needles of Norway spruce. Tree Physiology, 17, 221-230.
19. Strouts, R. G. & Winter, T. G. (2000). Diagnosis of ill-health in trees (2nd ed.). Research for Amenity Trees No. 2. DETR. Forestry Commission. London: Stationery Office.
20. Sutton, R. F. (1979). Planting stock quality and grading. Forest Ecology and Management, 2, 123-132.
21. Timmer, V. & Munson, A. D. (1991). Site-specific growth and nutrition of planted Picea mariana in the Ontario Clay Belt. IV. Nitrogen loading response. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 21, 1058-1065.
22. Utriainen, J. & Holopainen, T. (2001). Influence of nitrogen and phosphorus availability and ozone stress on Norway spruce seedlings. Tree Physiology, 21, 447-456.
23. Viro, P. J. (1959). Estimation of the effect of fertilization from needle color. Oikos, 10, 183-189.
24. Viro, P. J. (1965). Estimation of the effect of forest fertilization. Communicationes Instituti Forestales Fenniae, 59.3, 1-42.
25. Wellburn, A. R. (1994). The spectral determination of chlorophylls a and b, as well as total carotenoids, using various solvents with spectrophotometers of different resolution. Journal of Plant Physiology, 144, 307-313.
26. Wilde, S. A. & Voigt, G. K. (1952). Determination of color of nursery stock foliage by means of Munsell color charts. Journal of Forestry, 50, 622-623.