Nd isotopic, petrologic and geochemical investigation of the Tulawaka East gold deposit, Tanzanian Craton

Precambrian Research

Volumn 139, Issue 3-4, 2005, Pages 147-163

  Cloutier, Jonathan ^a,b   Stevenson, Ross K ^a   Bardoux, Marc ^a  

^a UNIVERSITÉ DU QUÉBEC À MONTRÉAL   (Canada)

^b GEOTOP UQAM McGill   (Canada)

Author keywords

Aplite; Archean; Geochemistry; Greenstone belt; Isotope; Nd; Petrology; Sm; Tanzania; Tanzanian Craton; Tulawaka

Indexed keywords

GEOCHEMISTRY; GOLD; GREENSTONE BELT; MINERALIZATION; ORE DEPOSIT; SAMARIUM-NEODYMIUM DATING;

AFRICA; EAST AFRICA; EASTERN HEMISPHERE; SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA; TANZANIA; WORLD;

EID: 24344439874     PISSN: 03019268     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.precamres.2005.06.002     Document Type: Article

References (59)

1. W. Abouchami, M. Boher, A. Michard, and F. Albarède A major 2.1 Ga event mafic magmatism in West Africa: an early stage of crustal accretion J. Geophys. Res. 95 B11 1990 17605 17629
2. F. Albarède The growth of the continental crust Tectonophysics 296 1998 1 14
3. E. Anders, and N. Grevesse Abundances of the elements: meteoritic and solar Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 53 1 1989 197 214
4. Barth, H., 1987. Assessment of the regional geology, gold and base metal potential in the Lake Victoria region, Tanzania. Open file report Federal Institute of Geosciences and Natural Resources (BRG), Hanover.
5. K. Bell, and M.H. Dodson The geochronology of the Tanzanian Shield J. Geol. 89 1981 109 128
6. M.R. Bhatia, and K.A.W. Crook Trace element characteristics of greywackes and tectonic setting discrimination of sedimentary basins Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. 92 1996 181 193
7. G. Borg New aspects of lithostratigraphy and evolution of the Siga Hills, an Archean granite-greenstone terrain in NW Tanzania Zeitschrift Angewandte Geologie 38 1992 89 93
8. G. Borg The Geita gold deposits, NW-Tanzania. Geology, ore petrology, geochemistry and timing of events Geologisches Jahrbuch D100 1993 545 595
9. G. Borg, and T. Krogh Isotopic age data of single zircons from Archean Sukumaland Greenstone belt, Tanzania J. Afr. Earth Sci. 29 2 1999 301 312
10. G. Borg, D.R. Lyatuu, and D. Rammlmair Genetic aspects of the Geita and Jubilee reef, Archean BIF-hosted gold deposits, Tanzania Geologische Rundschau 79 1990 355 371
11. Borg, G., Shackelton, R.M., 1997. The Tanzania and NE Zaire Cratons. Greenstone Belts. In: De Wit, Maarten, J., Ashwal, Lewis, D. (Eds.), Oxford Monographs on Geology and Geophysics, vol. 35, pp. 608-619.
12. F.W. Breaks, and J.M. Moore The Ghost Lake batholith, Superior Province of northwestern Ontario: a fertile S-type, peraluminous granite-rare element pegmatite system Can. Mineral. 30 1992 835 875
13. B.W. Chappel, and A.J.R. White I- and S-type Granites in the Lachlan Fold Belt, Southern Australia 1982 Science Press Beijing, China pp. 87-101
14. Clifford, T.N., 1970. The Structural Framework of Africa. Edinburgh, pp. 1-26.
15. W. Compston, and A. Kröner Multiple zircon growth within early Archean tonalite gneiss from the Ancient Gneiss Complex, Swaziland Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 87 1988 13 28
16. K.C. Condie Plate Tectonics and Crustal Evolution 1989 Pergamon Oxford p. 476
17. D.J. DePaolo Neodymium isotopes in the Colorado Front Range, and crust-mantle evolution in the Proterozoic Nature 291 1981 193 196
18. D.J. DePaolo Trace element and isotopic effects of combined wallrock assimilation and fractional crystallization Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 53 1981 189 202
19. Dougherty-Page, J.S., 1994. The evolution of the Archean continental crust of northern Zimbabwe (unpublished). Ph.D. thesis, Milton Keynes, Open University, 244 pp.
20. Y. Ducharme, R.K. Stevenson, and N. Machado Sm-Nd geochemistry and U-Pb geochronology of the Preissac and Lamotte leucogranites, Abitibi Subprovince Can. J. Earth Sci. 34 1997 1059 1071
21. A. Ewart, K.D. Collerson, K. Regelous, J.I. Wendt, and Y. Niu Geochemical evolution within the Tonga-Kermadec-Lau Arc-Back-arc systems: the role of varying mantle wedge composition in space and time J. Petrol. 39 1998 331 368
22. R.J. Goldfarb, D.I. Groove, and S. Gardoll Orogenic gold and geologic time: a global synthesis Ore Geol. Rev. 18 2001 1 75
23. L.P. Gromet, R.F. Dymek, L.A. Haskin, and R.L. Korotev The "North American shale composite": Its compilation, major and trace element characteristics Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 48 1984 2469 2482
24. G. Gruau, C. Chauvel, and B.M. Jahn Anomalous Sm-Nd ages for the early Archean Onverwacht Group volcanics Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. 104 1990 27 34
25. P. Henry, R.K. Stevenson, and C. Gariépy Late Archean mantle composition and crustal growth in the Western Superior Province of Canada: neodymium and lead isotopic evidence from the Wawa, Quetico and Wabigoon subprovinces Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 62 1998 143 157
26. H.D. Holland The Chemistry of the Atmosphere and Oceans 1978 Wiley New York
27. B.-M. Jahn, and K.C. Condie Evolution of the Kaapvaal Craton as viewed from geochemical and Sm-Nd isotopic analyses of intracratonic pelites Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 59 1995 2239 2258
28. H.A. Jelsma, M.L. Vinyu, P.J. Valbracht, G.R. Davies, J.R. Wijbrans, and E.A.T. Verdumen Constraints on Archean crustal evolution of the Zimbabwe craton: a U-Pb zircon, Sm-Nd and Pb-Pb whole-rock isotope study Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. 124 1996 55 70
29. S. Kuehn, J. Ogola, and P. Sango Regional setting and nature of gold mineralization in Tanzania and southwest Kenya Precambrian Res. 46 1990 71 82
30. Y. Larbi, R.K. Stevenson, F. Breaks, N. Machado, and C. Gariépy Age and isotopic composition of late Archean leucogranites: implications for continental collision in the western Superior Province Can. J. Earth Sci. 36 1999 495 510
31. J.L. Lenoir, J.-P. Liégeois, K. Theunissen, and J. Klerkx The Paleoproterozoic Ubendian shear belt in Tanzania: geochronology and structure J. Afr. Earth Sci. 19 1994 169 184
32. M.A.H. Makobo, and E. Nakamura Nd and Sr isotopic mapping of the Archean-Protezocoic boundary in southeastern Tanzania using granites as probes for crustal growth Precambrian Res. 77 1996 105 115
33. Manya, S., 2001. Geochemical investigation of Archean greenstones in Rwamagaza area, north-western Tanzania. M.Sc. Thesis (unpublished) University of Dar es Salaam.
34. S. Manya, and M.A.H. Maboko Dating basaltic volcanism in the Neoarchean Sukumaland Greenstone Belt of the Tanzania Craton using the Sm-Nd method: implications for the geological evolution of the Tanzania Craton Precambrian Res. 121 2003 35 45
35. McLennan, S.M., Hemming, S., McDaniel, D.K., Hanson, G.N., 1993. Geochemical approaches to sedimentation, provenance and tetonics: Boulder, Colorado. Geological Society of America, Special Paper, vol. 284, pp. 21-40.
36. P.J. Patchett, and N.T. Arndt Nd isotopes and tectonics of 1.9-1.7 Ga crustal genesis Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 78 1986 329 338
37. J.A. Pearce, and J.R. Cann Tectonic setting of basic volcanic rocks determined using trace element analyses Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 19 1973 290 300
38. J.A. Pearce, N.B.W. Harris, and A.G. Tindle Trace element discrimination diagrams for the tectonic interpretation of granitic rocks J. Petrol. 25 1984 956 983
39. J.A. Pearce, and D.W. Peate Tectonic implication of the composition of volcanic arc magmas Annu. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci. 23 1995 251 285
40. A. Potrel, J.J. Peucat, and C.M. Fanning Archean crustal evolution of the West African Craton: example of the Amsaga Area (Reguibat Rise). U-Pb and Sm-Nd evidence for crustal growth and recycling Precambrian Res. 107 1998 107 117
41. Rammlmair, D., Höhndorf, A., Borg, G., Hiza, G.N., 1990. Nouvelles datations isotopiques des granites et des gabros de la région "greenstone"-granitique du Sukumaland, N.W.-Tanzania (abstract volume). 15th Colloquium of African Geology, Nancy 43.
42. P. Richard, N. Shimizu, and J.J. Allčgre A natural tracer: an application to oceanic basalts Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 31 1976 269 278
43. U. Ring Aspects of the kinematic history and mechanisms of superposition of the Proterozoic mobile belts of eastern Central Africa (northern Malawi and southern Tanzania) Precambrian Res. 62 1993 207 226
44. Robinson, S.D., Aubertin, R.A., 2000. Prelimininary report on re-logging of diamond drill core (East zone gold deposit). Pangea Minerals (Tanzania) limited - Tulawaka Project 24.
45. B. Scaillet, and G. Prouteau Oceanic slab melting and mantle metasomatism Sci. Prog. 84 2001 335 354
46. Shand, S.J., 1927. Eruptive rocks: their genesis composition, classification, and their relation to ore-deposits. With a chapter on meteorites: (1949), third ed., London, 488 pp.
47. R.K. Stevenson, and P.J. Patchett Implications for the evolution of continental crust from Hf isotope systematics of Archean detrital zircons Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 54 1990 1683 1697
48. Sun, S.S., McDonough, W.F., 1989. Chemical and isotopic systematic of oceanic basalts. Implication for mantle composition and processes, pp. 313-345.
49. Tassel, A., 2003. Tanzania's gold boom continues. African Mining 8.
50. Taylor, P.N., Kramers, J.D., Moorbath, S., Wilson, J.F., Orpen, J.L., Martin, A., 1991. Pb/Pb Sm-Nd and Rb-Sr geochronology in the Archean craton of Zimbabwe. Chemical Geology (Isotope Geoscience Section) 87, 175-196.
51. S.R. Taylor, and S.M. McLennan The Continental Crust: Its Composition and Evolution 1985 Blackwell Oxford p. 312
52. Thompson, P.H., 2002. Second Report on the Petrography of Tulawaka Samples: implications for metamorphic conditions, stratigraphy, deformation and mineralization. Peter H. Thompson Geological Consulting Ltd., submitted to Pangea Goldfields Ltd. and Northern Mining Exploration Ltd., 26 pp.
53. F.B. Wade, and F. Oates An explanation of the degree sheet no. 52 Dodoma Geol. Surv. Tanganyika 17 1938 1 60
54. F. Walraven, J. Pape, and G. Borg Implications of Pb-isotopic compositions at the Geita gold deposit, Sukumaland Greenstone Belt, Tanzania J. Afr. Earth Sci. 18 2 1994 111 121
55. A.H. Wilson, and R.W. Carlson A Sm-Nd and Pb isotope study of Archean greenstone belts in the southern Kaapvaal Craton, South Africa Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 96 1989 89 105
56. J.H. Winchester, and P.A. Floyd Geochemical discrimination of different magma series and their differentiation products using immobile elements Chem. Geol. 20 1977 325 343
57. D.A. Wood The application of a Th-Hf-Ta diagram to problems of tectonomagmatic classification and to establishing the nature of crustal contamination of basaltic lavas of the British Tertiary volcanic Province Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 50 1980 11 30
58. D.J. Wronkiewicz, and K.C. Condie Geochemistry and mineralogy of sediments from the Vendersdorp and Transvaal Supergroup, South Africa: Cratonic evolution during the early Proterozoic Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 54 1990 343 354
59. Yager, T.R., 2000. The mineral industry of Tanzania. US geological survey minerals, yearbook 2000, pp. 281-284.