Oral fluid collection: The neglected variable in oral fluid testing

Forensic Science International

Volumn 150, Issue 2-3, 2005, Pages 165-173

  Crouch, Dennis J ^a,b,c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF UTAH   (United States)

^b Biomedical Polymers Research Bldg   (United States)

^c Sports Medicine Research and Testing Laboratory   (United States)

Author keywords

Collection; Collection devices; Oral fluid; Saliva

Indexed keywords

AMPHETAMINE DERIVATIVE; BENZOYLECGONINE; COCAINE; CODEINE; IMMUNOGLOBULIN G; METHAMPHETAMINE; MORPHINE; OPIATE; PHENCYCLIDINE; TETRAHYDROCANNABINOL;

ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; DEVICE; DRUG ABSORPTION; DRUG CONTAMINATION; DRUG DETERMINATION; DRUG SCREENING; DRUG STABILITY; HUMAN; LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS; MECHANICAL STIMULATION; MOUTH CAVITY; PH; PRIORITY JOURNAL; ROOM TEMPERATURE; SALIVA; SUBSTANCE ABUSE; ADDICTION; BLOOD; CHEMISTRY; FORENSIC MEDICINE; METHODOLOGY; MOUTH; PHYSIOLOGY; REVIEW;

DRUG STABILITY; FORENSIC MEDICINE; HUMANS; HYDROGEN-ION CONCENTRATION; MOUTH; SALIVA; SPECIMEN HANDLING; SUBSTANCE ABUSE DETECTION; SUBSTANCE-RELATED DISORDERS;

EID: 24144472537     PISSN: 03790738     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2005.02.028     Document Type: Article

References (31)

1. D. Malamud, Guidelines for saliva nomenclature and collection, Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 694 (1993) xi-xii.
2. W. Schrammm, R.H. Smith, P.A. Craig, Methods of simplified saliva collection for the measurement of drugs of abuse, therapeutic drugs, and other molecules, Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. (5NM) 694 (September) (1993) 311-313.
3. I.D. Mandel, Salivary diagnosis: promises, promises, J. Oral. Pathol. Med., Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 1 (1993) xi-xii.
4. D.J. Crouch, J. Day, J. Baudys, Evaluation of Saliva/Oral Fluid as an Alternate Drug Testing Specimen-Final Report. National Institute of Standards and Technology (NISTR 7139. Gaitherburg MD) (July) 2004, pp. 1-70.
5. C.L. O'Neal, D.J. Crouch, D.E. Rollins, A. Fatah, M.L. Cheever, Correlation of saliva codeine concentrations with plasma concentrations after oral codeine administration, J. Anal. Toxicol. 23 (6) (1999) 452-459.
6. S.B. Matin, S.H. Wan, J.K. Karam, Pharmacokinetics of tolbutamide in man: prediction by tolbutamine concentration in saliva, Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 16 (1974) 1052-1058.
7. J.C. Mucklow, M.R. Bending, G.C. Kahn, C.T. Dollery, Drug concentration in saliva, Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 24 (1978) 563-570.
8. M. Navazesh, Methods for collecting saliva, Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 694 (1993) 72-77.
9. C. Dawes, Considerations in the development of diagnostic tests on saliva, Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 694 (1993) 265-269.
10. A.W. Jones, Measuring ethanol in saliva with the QED® enzymatic test device: comparison of results with blood- and breath-alcohol concentrations, J. Anal. Toxicol. 19 (1995) 169-174.
11. J.M. Dabbs, Salivary testosterone measurements: collecting, storing and mailing saliva samples, Physiol. Behav. 49 (1991) 815-817.
12. K.M. Hold, D. de Boer, J. Zuidmea, R.A. Maes, Saliva as an analytical tool in toxicology, Int. J. Drug Test. 1 (1996) 1-31.
13. K.Y. Chee, D. Lee, B.D. Naidoo, A. Bye, A simple collection method for saliva in children: potential for home monitoring of carbamazepine therapy, Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol. 35 (1993) 311-313.
14. P.J. Lamey, A. Nolan, The recovery of human saliva using the Salivette system, Eur. J. Clin. Chem. Clin. Biochem. (A3C) 32 (September) (1994) 727-728.
15. K. Chang, Interactions between drugs and saliva-stimulating parafilm and their implications in measurements of saliva drug levels, Commun. Chem. Pathol. Pharmacol. 13 (1976) 357-360.
16. M. Navarro, S. Pichini, M. Farre, J. Ortuno, P. Roset, J. Segura, R. De La Torre, Usefulness of saliva for measurement of 3,4-methoxymethamphetamine and its metabolites: correlation with plasma drug concentrations and effect of salivary pH, Clin. Chem. 47 (10) (2001) 1788-1794.
17. J.E. Shipley, N.E. Alessi, S.E. Wade, A.D. Haegele, B. Helmbold, Utility of an oral diffusion sink (ODS) device for quantification of saliva corticosteroids in human subjects, J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 74 (1992) 698-700.
18. K.M. Hold, Evaluation of non-invasive techniques in bioanalysis and toxicology [Thesis], Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands, 1996.
19. D. Gomez, M. Gutierrez, P. Martinez-Acacio, V. Soriano, Evaluation of a new saliva collection Device for HIV antibody screening purposes, Vox Sang 66 (1994) 244.
20. M.G. Horning, L. Brown, J. Nowlin, K. Lertratanangkoon, P. Kellaway, T.E. Zion, Use of saliva in therapeutic drug monitoring, Clin. Chem. 23 (1977) 157-164.
21. E.J. Cone, Saliva testing for drugs of abuse, Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 694 (1993) 91-127.
22. L.K. Thompson, D. Yousefnejad, K. Kumor, M. Sherer, E.J. Cone, Confirmation of cocaine in human saliva after intravenous use, J. Anal. Toxicol. 11 (1987) 36-388.
23. L.K. Thompson, E.J. Cone, Determination of delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol in human blood and saliva by high-performance liquid chromatography with amperometric detection, J. Chromatogr. 421 (1) (1987) 91-97.
24. S. Niedbala, K. Kardos, S. Salamone, D. Fritch, M. Bronsgeest, E.J. Cone, Passive cannabis smoke exposure and oral fluid testing, J. Anal. Toxicol. 28 (2004) 546-552.
25. M.A. Huestis, E.J. Cone, Relationship of delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol concentrations in oral fluid and plasma after controlled administration of smoked cannabis, J. Anal. Toxicol. 28 (2004) 394-399.
26. A.J. Jenkins, J.M. Oyler, E.J. Cone, Comparison of heroin and cocaine concentrations in saliva with concentrations in blood and plasma, J. Anal. Toxicol. 19 (1995) 359-374.
27. K. Kato, M. Hillsgrove, L. Weinhold, D.A. Gorelick, D.W. Darwin, E.J. Cone, Cocaine and metabolite excretion in saliva under stimulated and nonstimulated conditions, J. Anal. Toxicol. 17 (1993) 338-341.
28. C.L. O'Neal, D.J. Crouch, D.E. Rollins, A.A. Fatah, The effects of collection methods on oral fluid codeine concentrations, J. Anal. Toxicol. 23 (6) (2000 October) 536-542.
29. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services. Notice of Proposed Revisions to the Mandatory Guidelines for Federal Workplace Testing Programs, (69 FR 16973). April 13, 2004. www.workplace.samhsa.gov.
30. G.R. Jones, D.J. Pounder, Site dependence of drug concentrations in postmortem blood-a case study, J. Anal. Toxicol. 11 (1987) 186-190.
31. Federal Aviation Administration, Office of Aerospace Medicine, Drug and alcohol validity testing study, US Department of Transportation, April 2004.