Hierarchical nature of morphological integration and modularity in the human posterior face

American Journal of Physical Anthropology

Volumn 128, Issue 1, 2005, Pages 26-34

  Bastir, Markus ^a,b   Rosas, Antonio ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF YORK   (United Kingdom)

^b MUSEO NACIONAL DE CIENCIAS NATURALES   (Spain)

Author keywords

Covariation; Craniofacial biology; Evolutionary development; Geometric morphometrics; Partial least squares; Procrustes; Singular warps

Indexed keywords

ADULT; AFRICA; ARTICLE; CRANIOFACIAL MORPHOLOGY; EUROPE; FACE; GEOMETRY; HUMAN; JAPAN; MORPHOMETRICS; PALEONTOLOGY; PHYLOGENY; SKULL; SKULL RADIOGRAPHY; STATISTICAL ANALYSIS;

ADULT; ANTHROPOLOGY, PHYSICAL; CRANIAL FOSSA, MIDDLE; EVOLUTION; FACE; HUMANS; MANDIBLE; SKULL;

EID: 24044455713     PISSN: 00029483     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.20191     Document Type: Article

References (83)

1. Bastir M. 2004. A geometric morphometric analysis of integrative morphology and variation in human skulls with implications for the Atapuerca-SH hominids and the evolution of Neandertals. Structural and systemic factors of morphology in the hominid craniofacial system. Doctoral dissertation, Autonomous University of Madrid.
2. Bastir M, Rosas A. 2004. Facial heights: Evolutionary relevance of postnatal ontogeny for facial orientation and skull morphology in humans and chimpanzees. J Hum Evol 47:359-381.
3. Bastir M, Rosas A, Kuroe K. 2002. Morphogenetic determinants of mandibular ramus breadth: a test in modern human populations. Am J Phys Anthropol 115:40-41.
4. Bastir M, Rosas A, Kuroe K. 2004. Petrosal orientation and mandibular ramus breadth: evidence of a developmental integrated petroso-mandibular unit. Am J Phys Anthropol 123:340-350.
5. Bastir M, Rosas A, Sheets DH. 2005. The morphological integration of the hominoid skull: a partial least squares and PC analysis with morphogenetic implications for European Mid-Pleistocene mandibles. In: Slice D, editor. Modern morphometrics in physical anthropology. New York: Kluwer Academic/Plenum. (In press.)
6. Bhat M, Enlow DH. 1985. Facial variations related to headform type. Angle Orthod 55:269-280.
7. Biegert J. 1957. Der Formwandel des Primatenschädels und seine Beziehungen zur ontogenetischen Entwicklung und den phylogenetischen Spezialisationen der Kopforgane. Gegenbaurs Morphol Jahrb 98:77-199.
8. Bookstein FL. 1991. Morphometric tools for landmark data. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
9. Bookstein FL, Gunz P, Mitteroecker P, Prossinger H, Schaefer K, Seidler H. 2003. Cranial integration in Homo: singular warps analysis of the midsagittal plane in ontogeny and evolution. J Hum Evol 44:167-187.
10. Bruner E, Manzi G, Arsuaga J-L. 2003. Encephalization and allometric trajectories in the genus Homo. Evidence from the Neandertal and modern lineages. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 100:15335-15340.
11. Chernoff B, Magwene PM. 1999. Afterword. In: Olson EC, Miller PL, editors. Morphological integration. Chicago: University of Chicago, p 319-353.
12. Cheverud JM. 1982. Phenotypic, genetic, and environmental morphological integration in the cranium. Evolution 36:499-516.
13. Cheverud JM. 1995. Morphological integration in the saddle-backed tamarin (Saguinis fuscicollis). Am Nat 145:63-89.
14. Dabelow A. 1929. Über Korrelationen in der phylogenetischen Entwicklung der Schädelform I. Die Beziehungen zwischen Rumpfund Schädelform. Gegenbaurs Morphol Jahrb 63:1-49.
15. Dabelow A. 1931. Über Korrelationen in der phylogenetischen Entwicklung der Schädelform II. Die Beziehungen zwischen Gehirn und Schädelbasisform bei den Mammaliern. Gegenbaurs Morphol Jahrb 67:84-133.
16. Enlow DH, Hans MG. 1996. Essentials of facial growth. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders Co.
17. Enlow DH, McNamara JAJ. 1973. The neurocranial basis for facial form and pattern. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 43:256-270.
18. Enlow DH, Moyers RE, Hunter WS, McNamara JA Jr. 1969. A procedure for the analysis of intrinsic facial form and growth. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 56:6-23.
19. Enlow DH, Kuroda T, Lewis AB. 1971. The morphological and morphogenetical basis for craniofacial form and pattern. Angle Orthod 41:161-188.
20. Enlow DH, Pfister C, Richardson E, Kuroda T. 1982. An analysis of Black and Caucasian craniofacial patterns. Angle Orthod 52:279-287.
21. Gould SJ. 1977. Ontogeny and phylogeny. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
22. Hallgrimsson B, Willmore K, Hall BK. 2002. Canalization, developmental stability, and morphological integration in primate limbs. Yrbk Phys Anthropol 45:131-158.
23. Hofer H. 1957. Zur Kenntnis der Kyphosen des Primatenschädels. Verh Anat Ges 54:54-76.
24. Hofer H. 1965. Die morphologische Analyse des Schädels des Menschen. In: Heberer G, editor. Menschliche Abstammungslehre, Fortschritte der Anthropogenie, 1863-1964. Stuttgart: Gustav Fischer Verlag, p 145-226.
25. Hofer H, Tigges J. 1963. Studien zum Problem des Gestaltwandels des Schädels der Säugetiere insbesondere der Primaten: III. Zur Kenntnis der Hirnkyphosen. Z Morphol Anthropol 54:115-126.
26. Jeffery N. 2003. Brain expansion and comparative prenatal ontogeny of the non-hominoid cranial base. J Hum Evol 45:263-284.
27. Jeffery N, Spoor F. 2002. Brain size and the human cranial base. Am J Phys Anthropol 118:324-340.
28. Klingenberg CP. 1998. Heterochrony and allometry: the analysis of evolutionary change in ontogeny. Biol Rev Cambridge Philosophic Soc 73:79-123.
29. Klingenberg CP, Badyaev AV, Sowry SM, Beckwith NJ. 2001. Inferring developmental modularity from morphological integration: analysis of individual variation and asymmetry in bumblebee wings. Am Nat 157:11-23.
30. Klingenberg CP, Mebus K, Auffray J-C. 2003. Developmental integration in a complex morphological structure: how distinct are the modules in the mouse mandible? Evol Dev 5:522-531.
31. Kuroe K, Rosas A, Molleson T. 2004. Variation in the cranial base orientation and facial skeleton in dry skulls sampled from three major populations. Eur J Orthod 26:201-207.
32. Lieberman DE. 1998. Sphenoid shortening and the evolution of modern human cranial shape. Nature 393:158-162.
33. Lieberman DE, McCarthy RC. 1999. The ontogeny of cranial base angulation in humans and chimpanzees and its implication for reconstructing pharyngeal dimensions. J Hum Evol 36:487-517.
34. Lieberman DE, McCarthy RC, Hiiemae KM, Palmer JB. 2001. Ontogeny of postnatal hyoid larynx descent in humans. Arch Oral Biol 46:117-128.
35. Lieberman DE, Pearson OM, Mowbray KM. 2000a. Basicranial influence on overall cranial shape. J Hum Evol 38:291-315.
36. Lieberman DE, Ross C, Ravosa MJ. 2000b. The primate cranial base: ontogeny, function, and integration. Yrbk Phys Anthropol 43:117-169.
37. Lieberman DE, McBratney BM, Krovitz G. 2002. The evolution and development of cranial form in Homo sapiens. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 99:1134-1139.
38. McCarthy R. 2001. Anthropoid cranial base architecture and scaling relationships. J Hum Evol 40:41-66.
39. McCarthy R, Lieberman DE. 2001. Posterior maxillary (PM) plane and anterior cranial architecture in primates. Anat Rec 264:247-260.
40. McCollum M. 1999. The robust australopithecine face: a morphogenetic perspective. Science 284:301-305.
41. Moss M. 1962. The functional matrix. In: Kraus B, Reidel R, editors. Vistas in orthodontics. Philadelphia: Lea and Febiger. p 85-98.
42. Moss M. 1997a. The functional matrix hypothesis revisited. 1. The role of mechanotransduction. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 112:8-11.
43. Moss M. 1997b. The functional matrix hypothesis revisited. 2. The role of an osseous connected cellular network. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 112:221-226.
44. Moss M. 1997c. The functional matrix hypothesis revisited. 3. The genomic thesis. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 112:338-342.
45. Moss M. 1997d. The functional matrix hypothesis revisited. 4. The epigenetic antithesis and the resolving synthesis. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 112:410-417.
46. Moss M, Salentijn L. 1969. The capsular matrix. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 56:474-490.
47. Moss M, Young RW. 1960. A functional approach to craniology. Am J Phys Anthropol 45:281-292.
48. Olson EC, Miller RL. 1958. Morphological integration. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
49. Raff RA. 1996. The shape of life. Gene, development, and the evolution of animal form. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
50. Ranly DM. 1988. A synopsis of craniofacial growth. Norwalk, CT: Appleton & Lange.
51. Riedl R. 1975. Die Ordnung des Lebendigen. Systembedingungen der Evolution. Hamburg: Paul Parey Verlag.
52. Riedl R. 1977. A systems-analytical approach to macro-evolutionary phenomena. Q Rev Biol 52:351-370.
53. Rilling JK, Seligman RA. 2002. A quantitative morphometric comparative analysis of the primate temporal lobe. J Hum Evol 42:1-29.
54. Rohlf FJ. 1996. Morphometric spaces, shape components and the effects of linear transformations. In: Marcus LF, editor. Advances in morphometrics. New York: Plenum Press, p 117-128.
55. Rohlf F. 1997. tpsDIG. New York: Department of Ecology and Evolution, State University, Stony Brook.
56. Rohlf F. 1998. tpsPLS. New York: Department of Ecology and Evolution, State University, Stony Brook.
57. Rohlf FJ, Corti M. 2000. The use of two-block partial least-squares to study covariation in shape. Syst Zool 49:740-753.
58. Rohlf FJ, Slice D. 1990. Extensions of the Procrustes method for the optimal superimposition of landmarks. Syst Zool 39:40-59.
59. Rohlf FJ, Loy A, Corti M. 1996. Morphometric analysis of Old World Talpidae (Mammalia, Insectivora) using partial warp scores. Syst Biol 45:344-362.
60. Rosas A. 1998. Modelos de crecimiento en mandíbulas fósiles de homínidos. Atapuerca, un nuevo paradigma. In: Aguirre E, editor. Atapuerca y la evolución humana. Madrid: Fundación Ramón Areces. p 239-275.
61. Rosas A, Bastir M. 2002. Thin-plate spline analysis of allometry and sexual dimorphism in the human craniofacial complex. Am J Phys Anthropol 117:236-245.
62. Rosas A, Bastir M. 2004. Geometric morphometric analysis of allometric variation in the mandibular morphology from the hominids of Atapuerca, Sima de los Huesos site. Anat Rec 278:551-560.
63. Ross C, Henneberg M. 1995. Basicranial flexion, relative brain size, and facial kyphosis in Homo sapiens and some fossil hominids. Am J Phys Anthropol 98:575-593.
64. Ross CF, Ravosa MJ. 1993. Basicranial flexion, relative brain size, and facial kyphosis ind nonhuman primates. Am J Phys Anthropol 91:305-324.
65. Ross CF, Henneberg M, Ravosa MJ, Richard S. 2004. Curvilinear, geometric and phylogenetic modeling of basicranial flexion: is it adaptive, is it constrained? J Hum Evol 46:185-213.
66. Seidler H, Falk D, Stringer C, Wilfing H, Muller GB, zur Nedden D, Weber GW, Reicheis W, Arsuaga J-L. 1997. A comparative study of stereolithographically modelled skulls of Petralona and Broken Hill: implications for future studies of Middle Pleistocene hominid evolution. J Hum Evol 33:691-703.
67. Semendeferi K, Damasio H. 2000. The brain and its main anatomical subdivisions in living hominoids using magnetic resonance imaging. J Hum Evol 38:317-332.
68. Sheets HD. 2001. IMP, integrated morphometric package: http://www.canisius.edu/~sheets/morphsoft.html; Sheets, David H.
69. Sherwood RJ, Rowley RB, Ward SC. 2002. Relative placement of the mandibular fossa in great apes and humans. J Hum Evol 43:57-66.
70. Smith KK. 1996. Integration of craniofacial structures during development in mammals. Am Zool 36:70-79.
71. Smith RJ, Josell SD. 1984. The plan of the humans face: a test of three general concepts. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 85:103-108.
72. Spoor F 1997. Basicranial architecture and relative brain size of Sts5 (Australopithecus africanus) and other Plio-Pleistocene hominids. S Afr J Sci 93:182-186.
73. Spoor F, O'Higgins P, Dean C, Lieberman DE. 1999. Anterior sphenoid in modern humans. Nature 397:572.
74. Stedman H, Kozyak BW, Nelson A, Thesier DM, Su LT, Low DW, Bridges CR, Shrager JB, Minugh-Purvis N, Mitchell MA. 2004. Myosin gene mutation correlates with anatomical changes in the human lineage. Nature 428:415-418.
75. Strait DS. 2001. Integration, phylogeny, and the hominid cranial base. Am J Phys Anthropol 114:273-297.
76. von Dassow G, Munro E. 1999. Modularity in animal development and evolution: elements of a conceptual framework for EvoDevo. J Exp Zool 285:307-325.
77. Wagner G. 1996. Homologues, natural kinds and the evolution of modularity. Am Zool 36:36-43.
78. Wagner GP. 1990. A comparative study if morphological integration in Apis mellifera (Insecta, Hymenoptera). Z Syst Evol 28:48-61.
79. Wagner GP, Altenberg L. 1996. Complex adaptation and the evolution of evolvability. Evolution 50:967-976.
80. Winther R. 2001. Varieties of modules: kinds, levels, origins, and behaviors. J Exp Zool (Mol Dev Evol) 291:116-129.
81. Zelditch ML. 1987. Evaluating models of developmental integration in the laboratory rat using confirmatory factor analysis. Syst Zool 36:368-380.
82. Zelditch ML, Sheets DH, Fink WL. 2000. Spatiotemporal reorganization of growth rates in the evolution of ontogeny. Evolution 54:1363-1371.
83. Zollikofer CPE, Ponce de León MS. 2002. Visualizing patterns of craniofacial shape variation in Homo sapiens. Proc R Soc Lond [Biol] 269:801-807.